X-Ray Therapy In the Treatment of Eye Diseases

Author(s):  
Richard J. Hessberg
Keyword(s):  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 4720-4733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huagang Yan ◽  
Xiangyu Ma ◽  
Weiyuan Sun ◽  
Stacy Mendez ◽  
Stefan Stryker ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
А.К. Pavlyuchenko

Relevance. At present, all variants of changes in the eye in case of ankylosing spondylitis have not been determined, their relationship to the musculoskeletal system has not been studied, the degree of influence of certain eye diseases on the clinical and X-ray manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis and their prognostic significance remains unknown. Objective. The purpose: to study different variants of changes in the eye in case of ankylosing spondylitis, their relationship to the defeat of the musculoskeletal system, the degree of influence of certain eye diseases on the clinical and X-ray manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis and their prognostic significance. Materials and methods. 79 patients with AS (75 men and 4 women) aged 15 to 66 years were under observation. The quartiles of the disease duration were 3.9 ÷ 18.8 years, median 11.4 years. The Richie index was 7.0 ± 4.22 points, the Lansbury index - 37.3 ± 28.45 points, the index of arthritis progression - 0.6 ± 1.56 p.u. Patients underwent x-ray and ultrasound examination of peripheral joints, sacroiliac joints and spine, as well as dual-energy X-ray osteodensitometry of the proximal femur. The following X-ray indices were assessed: peripheral metacarpal, Barnett-Nordin, Rokhlin, disc and concavity. In addition, electrocardiography, echocardiography and spirography were performed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out with the help of computer variational, correlation, nonparametric, one- and multifactorial variance analysis. Mean values ​​and average quadratic deviations, correlation coefficients, dispersion criteria, Student’s test, Wilcoxon-Rao, McNemara-Fisher and reliability of statistical indicators were evaluated. Results. Changes in the organ of vision in a cases of ankylosing spondylitis are diagnosed in 29% of the number of examined patients in the ratio of uveitis-scleritis-cataract-keratitis-glaucoma-conjunctivitis as 7: 5: 2: 2: 2: 1, and, eye diseases determine the degree of activity of the disease and the rate of progression of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system, as well as the severity of arthritis based on data of Richie and Lansbury indices, significantly affects the integral signs of the course of the joint syndrome, the incidence of sternocleid, metacarpophalangeal and ulnar articulations, the degree of narrowing of articular fissures, subchondral sclerosis and osteo cystosis, the development of osteo usuration and epiphyseal osteoporosis, pathology of the skin (uveitis, keratitis, glaucoma, cataracts), kidneys (keratitis, glaucoma, conjunctivitis) and the heart (scleritis). Conclusions. Practical significance can be found in the lesion of the sternoclavicular joints as a risk factor for the development of lesions in the organ of vision, the presence of osteo usurations - as a risk factor for severe inflammation of the choroid of the eye, involvement in the process of wrist and elbow joints - as a predictor of the peripheral variant of uveitis.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.


1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
K. Masai ◽  
S. Hayakawa ◽  
F. Nagase

AbstractEmission mechanisms of the iron Kα-lines in X-ray binaries are discussed in relation with the characteristic temperature Txof continuum radiation thereof. The 6.7 keV line is ascribed to radiative recombination followed by cascades in a corona of ∼ 100 eV formed above the accretion disk. This mechanism is attained for Tx≲ 10 keV as observed for low mass X-ray binaries. The 6.4 keV line observed for binary X-ray pulsars with Tx> 10 keV is likely due to fluorescence outside the He II ionization front.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
J.M. Laming ◽  
J.D. Silver ◽  
R. Barnsley ◽  
J. Dunn ◽  
K.D. Evans ◽  
...  

AbstractNew observations of x-ray spectra from foil-excited heavy ion beams are reported. By observing the target in a direction along the beam axis, an improvement in spectral resolution, δλ/λ, by about a factor of two is achieved, due to the reduced Doppler broadening in this geometry.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 259-261
Author(s):  
W.A. Brown ◽  
M.E. Bruner ◽  
L.W. Acton
Keyword(s):  

AbstractThe soft x-ray spectra recorded in two sounding rocket flights in 1982 and 1985 are compared with with predicted spectra. The poster presents the processed densitometer trace of the full spectrum together with the new spectrum from the 1985 experiment. This note compares the intensities of the lines with predictions.


Author(s):  
T. Wichertjes ◽  
E.J. Kwak ◽  
E.F.J. Van Bruggen

Hemocyanin of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) has been studied in nany ways. Recently the structure, dissociation and reassembly was studied using electron microscopy of negatively stained specimens as the method of investigation. Crystallization of the protein proved to be possible and X-ray crystallographic analysis was started. Also fluorescence properties of the hemocyanin after dialysis against Tris-glycine buffer + 0.01 M EDTA pH 8.9 (so called “stripped” hemocyanin) and its fractions II and V were studied, as well as functional properties of the fractions by NMR. Finally the temperature-jump method was used for assaying the oxygen binding of the dissociating molecule and of preparations of isolated subunits. Nevertheless very little is known about the structure of the intact molecule. Schutter et al. suggested that the molecule possibly consists of two halves, combined in a staggered way, the halves themselves consisting of four subunits arranged in a square.


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