Effects of Low-Protein Diet on mRNA for ECM Components, MMPs and TIMPs in Glomeruli of Focal Glomerular Sclerosis

1. The present study was designed to assess whether glomerular expression of mRNAs for endothelin-1 and endothelin-3, as well as endothelin receptors A and B is affected by a low-protein diet during the course of focal glomerular sclerosis. 2. Focal glomerular sclerosis was induced in rats by injection of puromycin aminonucleoside on days 0, 27, 34 and 41 in conjunction with unilateral nephrectomy on day 22. Control rats were subjected to nephrectomy or sham operation on day 22. 3. Animals were divided into six groups. In group 1, the puromycin aminonucleoside-injected rats were fed a standard diet containing 22% protein. In group 2, the puromycin aminonucleoside-injected rats were fed a low-protein diet containing 6% protein, which was initiated on the day of the first puromycin aminonucleoside injection. In group 3, the nephrectomized rats without puromycin aminonucleoside were fed a standard diet. In group 4, the nephrectomized rats without puromycin aminonucleoside were fed a low-protein diet. In group 5, the sham-operated rats were fed a standard diet. In group 6, the sham-operated rats were fed a low-protein diet. 4. The percentage of sclerotic glomeruli in group 1 rats increased markedly with time, reaching 77% on day 80. 5. The glomerular mRNA levels for endothelin-1 and endothelin receptors A and B increased significantly as glomerular sclerosis progressed, whereas no endothelin-3 mRNA was detected in the glomeruli of any group. 6. The endothelin-1 production in isolated glomeruli from group 1 increased significantly as glomerular sclerosis progressed. 7. In group 2, the low-protein diet reduced the prevalence of glomerular sclerosis, attenuated the rise in mRNA levels for endothelin-1 and endothelin receptors A and B and reduced endothelin-1 production in glomeruli from rats with focal glomerular sclerosis. 8. These data indicate that increases in glomerular endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor mRNA levels are associated with the development of puromycin aminonucleoside-induced glomerular sclerosis. These effects are blunted by administration of a low-protein diet.

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A low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids plays a more protective role against oxidative stress of rat kidney tissue with 5/6 nephrectomy than a low-protein diet alone

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114509992108 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. 608-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Xiang Gao ◽

Jianxiang Wu ◽

Zheyi Dong ◽

Can Hua ◽

Huimin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Protein Restriction ◽

Protein Malnutrition ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Glomerular Sclerosis ◽

Control Group ◽

Stress Injury ◽

Low Protein

Dietary protein restriction is one major therapy in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and ketoacids have been evaluated in CKD patients during restricted-protein diets. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids (LPD+KA) and a low-protein diet alone (LPD) in halting the development of renal lesions in CKD. 5/6 Nephrectomy Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, and fed with either 22 % protein (normal-protein diet; NPD), 6 % protein (LPD) or 5 % protein plus 1 % ketoacids (LPD+KA) for 24 weeks. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. Each 5/6 nephrectomy group included fifteen rats and the control group included twelve rats. Proteinuria, decreased renal function, glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were found in the remnant kidneys of the NPD group. Protein restriction ameliorated these changes, and the effect was more obvious in the LPD+KA group after 5/6 nephrectomy. Lower body weight and serum albumin levels were found in the LPD group, indicating protein malnutrition. Lipid and protein oxidative products were significantly increased in the LPD group compared with the LPD+KA group. These findings indicate that a LPD supplemented with ketoacids is more effective than a LPD alone in protecting the function of remnant kidneys from progressive injury, which may be mediated by ketoacids ameliorating protein malnutrition and oxidative stress injury in remnant kidney tissue.

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Effect of Dietary Protein Restriction on the Development of Renal Failure after Subtotal Nephrectomy in Rats

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0650399 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 399-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

A. M. El-Nahas ◽

H. Paraskevakou ◽

S. Zoob ◽

A. J. Rees ◽

D. J. Evans

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Glomerular Sclerosis ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Subtotal Nephrectomy ◽

Low Protein

1. We have examined the effect of a low protein diet on the development of glomerular sclerosis and progressive renal failure after subtotal nephrectomies in rats. 2. Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied after five-sixths nephrectomy; group 1 were maintained on a normal diet (13.5 g day−1 kg−1 body weight) and group 2 were fed with a low protein diet (6 g day−1 kg−1 body weight). 3. Rats maintained on a low protein diet survived for longer, and had significantly less glomerular sclerosis and significantly greater glomerular filtration rates when the experiment ended after 7 months. 4. We conclude that dietary protein influences favourably the development of glomerular scarring and renal failure after subtotal nephrectomy in rats.

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Hepatic Ultrastructure Changes Induced by Lithocholic Acid

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100060829 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 162-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. G. Zaki

Keyword(s):

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Lithocholic Acid ◽

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Hydropic Degeneration ◽

Hepatic Cells ◽

Low Protein ◽

Microscopic Studies

Addition of lithocholic acid (LCA), a naturally occurring bile acid in mammals, to a low protein diet fed to rats induced marked inflammatory reaction in the hepatic cells followed by hydropic degeneration and ductular cell proliferation. These changes were accompanied by dilatation and hyperplasia of the common bile duct and formation of “gallstones”. All these changes were reversible when LCA was withdrawn from the low protein diet except for the hardened gallstones which persisted.Electron microscopic studies revealed marked alterations in the hepatic cells. Early changes included disorganization, fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and detachment of its ribosomes. Free ribosomes, either singly or arranged in small clusters were frequently seen in most of the hepatic cells. Vesiculation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum was often encountered as early as one week after the administration of LCA (Fig. 1).

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Ernährung bei chronisch Nierenkranken – Wie kann man eine Low-Protein-Diet erreichen?

Dialyse aktuell ◽

10.1055/s-0035-1555716 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (05) ◽

pp. 256-256

Keyword(s):

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein

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Project report: the effect of maternal low protein diet on the neuromuscular system of the offspring in mice

10.36866/pn.101.11 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 11-11

Author(s):

Ifigeneia Giakoumaki

Keyword(s):

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Neuromuscular System ◽

Project Report ◽

Low Protein

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Economic Effects of Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease with Low-Protein Diet

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2338432 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Francesco Saverio Mennini ◽

Simone Russo ◽

Andrea Marcellusi ◽

Giuseppe Quintaliani ◽

Denis Fouque

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein

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PSIV-6 Effect of a Phytogenic Water Additive on Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites and Gene Expression of Amino Acids Transporters in Nursery Pigs Fed with Low Protein Diets

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.507 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 281-282

Author(s):

Cedrick N Shili ◽

Mohammad Habibi ◽

Julia Sutton ◽

Jessie Barnes ◽

Jacob Burchkonda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Mrna Abundance ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Blood Calcium ◽

Low Protein ◽

Protein Diets ◽

Standard Protein

Abstract Moderately low protein (MLP) diets can help decrease nutrient excretion from the swine production. However, MLP diets negatively impact growth performance. We hypothesized that supplementing MLP diets with phytogenics may reduce the negative effects of these diets on growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a phytogenic water additive (PWA; Herbanimal®) on growth performance, blood metabolite and gene expression of amino acids transporters in pigs fed with MLP diets. Forty-eight weaned barrows were allotted to six dietary treatments (n = 8) for 4 weeks: >CON-NS: standard protein diet-no PWA; CON-LS: standard protein diet-low PWA dose (4 ml/L); CON-HS: standard protein diet-high PWA dose (8 ml/L); LP-NS: low protein diet-no PWA; LP-LS: low protein diet-low PWA dose (4 ml/L); LP-HS: low protein diet- high PWA dose (8 ml/L). Feed intake and body weight were recorded daily and weekly, respectively. At week 4, blood and tissue samples were collected and analyzed for metabolites using a chemistry analyzer and amino acid transporters using qPCR, respectively. The data were analyzed by univariate GLM (SPSS®) and the means were separated using paired Student’s t-test corrected by Benjamini-Hochberg. Pigs fed CON-HS improved the average daily gain and serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations compared to CON-NS. Pigs fed LP-LS had higher serum phosphorus and blood urea nitrogen compared to the pigs fed with LP-NS. The mRNA abundance of SLC7A11 in the jejunum was lower in CON-LS and CON-HS compared to CON-NS. Additionally, mRNA abundance of SLC6A19 in the jejunum of pigs fed with LP-LS was higher compared to LP-NS and lower in CON-HS relative to pigs fed with CON-LS. In conclusion, PWA improved the growth performance of pigs fed standard protein diets but not low protein diets. Further, the PWA improved the concentrations of blood calcium and phosphorous in pigs fed MLP diets. Funding: Agrivida and Animal Health and Production and Animal Products: Improved Nutritional Performance, Growth, and Lactation of Animals from the USDA-NIFA.

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