Distribution of CGRP and TRPV2 in Human Paranasal Sinuses

2016 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadasu Sato ◽  
Nobuyuki Sasahara ◽  
Noriyuki Kanda ◽  
Yu Sasaki ◽  
Yu Yamaguma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ethmoid Sinus ◽  
Pgp 9.5 ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Sphenoid Sinuses

Immunohistochemistry for protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2) was performed on human paranasal sinuses. It was found that in the paranasal sinuses, mucous membranes contain PGP 9.5-immunoreactive (PGP 9.5-IR) nerve fibers. Such nerve fibers terminated around large blood vessels as fine varicosities. Isolated PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers were scattered beneath the epithelium. Glandular tissues were also innervated by PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibers. These fibers were numerous in the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses, and relatively rare in the frontal and sphenoid sinuses. CGRP-IR nerve fibers were common in the maxillary sinus whereas TRPV2-IR nerve fibers were abundant in the ethmoid sinus. They were located around large blood vessels in the lamina propria. Many subepithelial nerve fibers contained TRPV2 immunoreactivity in the ethmoid sinus. CGRP- and TRPV2-IR nerve fibers were very infrequent in the frontal and sphenoid sinuses. In the human trigeminal ganglion (TG), sensory neurons contained CGRP or TRPV2 immunoreactivity. CGRP-IR TG neurons were more common than TRPV2-IR TG neurons. CGRP-IR TG neurons were of various cell body sizes, whereas TRPV2-IR TG neurons were mostly medium-to-large. In addition, human spinal and principal trigeminal sensory nuclei contained abundant CGRP- and TRPV2-IR varicosities. This study indicates that CGRP- and TRPV2-containing TG neurons probably innervate the paranasal sinus mucosae, and project into spinal and principal trigeminal sensory nuclei.

Innervation of the Human Incisive Papilla: Comparison with Other Oral Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 205 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Chiaki Endo ◽  
Tadasu Sato ◽  
Takehiro Yajima ◽  
Kaoru Igarashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Pgp 9.5 ◽  
Protein Gene Product ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Axonal Morphology

Immunohistochemistry for several neurochemical substances was performed on the human incisive papilla and other oral structures. Sodium channel alpha subunit 7 (SCN7A) protein-immunoreactive (IR) Schwann cells and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5)-IR nerve fibers made nerve plexuses beneath the epithelium of the palate, including the incisive papilla, tongue, and lip. SCN7A immunoreactivity could also be detected in lamellated and nonlamellated capsules of corpuscle endings. Lamellated SCN7A-IR corpuscle endings were mostly restricted to the mucous and cutaneous lips. These endings had thick and spiral-shaped PGP 9.5-IR axons without ramification. Nonlamellated SCN7A-IR corpuscle endings were most numerous in the incisive papilla among the oral regions. On the basis of axonal morphology, the nonlamellated endings were divided into simple and complex types. PGP 9.5-IR terminal axons in the simple type ran straight or meandered with slight ramification, whereas those in the complex type were densely entangled with abundant ramification. Substance P (SP)-, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 (TRPV2)-IR varicose fibers were rarely seen beneath the epithelium of oral structures. The present study indicates that the human incisive papilla has many low-threshold mechanoreceptors with nonlamellated capsules. SP-, CGRP-, and TRPV2-containing nociceptors may be infrequent in the incisive papilla and other oral regions.

scholarly journals Peripheral Mechanobiology of Touch—Studies on Vertebrate Cutaneous Sensory Corpuscles

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Cobo ◽  
Jorge García-Piqueras ◽  
Yolanda García-Mesa ◽  
Jorge Feito ◽  
Olivia García-Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channel ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Acid Sensing Ion Channels ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Transient Receptor

The vertebrate skin contains sensory corpuscles that are receptors for different qualities of mechanosensitivity like light brush, touch, pressure, stretch or vibration. These specialized sensory organs are linked anatomically and functionally to mechanosensory neurons, which function as low-threshold mechanoreceptors connected to peripheral skin through Aβ nerve fibers. Furthermore, low-threshold mechanoreceptors associated with Aδ and C nerve fibers have been identified in hairy skin. The process of mechanotransduction requires the conversion of a mechanical stimulus into electrical signals (action potentials) through the activation of mechanosensible ion channels present both in the axon and the periaxonal cells of sensory corpuscles (i.e., Schwann-, endoneurial- and perineurial-related cells). Most of those putative ion channels belong to the degenerin/epithelial sodium channel (especially the family of acid-sensing ion channels), the transient receptor potential channel superfamilies, and the Piezo family. This review updates the current data about the occurrence and distribution of putative mechanosensitive ion channels in cutaneous mechanoreceptors including primary sensory neurons and sensory corpuscles.

scholarly journals Developmental studies on the acquisition of perception conducting pathways via TRP channels in rat molar odontoblasts using immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Aoi Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiyuki Shibukawa ◽  
Masahito Yamamoto ◽  
Shinichi Abe ◽  
Hitoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Trp Channels ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Pannexin 1 ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Transient Receptor

AbstractOdontoblasts act as dentin formation and sensory receptors. Recently, it was reported that transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) 1, TRP vanilloid (TRPV) 4 and pannexin 1 (PANX-1) play important roles in odontoblast sensory reception. However, it is not known when odontoblasts begin to possess a sense reception function. The aim of this study was to clarify the development of odontoblasts as sense receptors. Sections of mandibular first molars from postnatal day (PN) 0 to PN12 Wistar rats were prepared for hematoxylin–eosin staining. Immunohistochemically, we used anti-dentin sialoprotein (DSP), anti-TRPA1, anti-TRPV4, anti-PANX-1, and anti-neurofilament (NF) antibodies. In addition, we investigated TRPA1 and TRPV4 expression by reverse transcriptional quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). At PN0, undifferentiated odontoblasts showed no immunoreaction to anti-DSP, anti-TRPA1, anti-TRPV4, or anti-PANX-1 antibodies. However, immunopositive reactions of these antibodies increased during odontoblast differentiation at PN3 and PN6. An immunopositive reaction of the anti-NF antibody appeared in the odontoblast neighborhood at PN12, when the odontoblasts began to form root dentin, and this appeared later than that of the other antibodies. By RT-qPCR, expression of TRPA1 at PN6 was significantly lower than that at PN0 (p < 0.05) and PN3 (p < 0.01). Expression of TRPV4 at PN6 was significantly lower than that at PN0 (p < 0.01) and PN3 (p < 0.01). The results of this study suggest that odontoblasts may acquire sensory receptor function after beginning to form root dentin, when TRPA1, TRPV4, PANX-1 channels, and nerve fibers are completely formed.

Localization of TRPA1 channels and characterization of TRPA1 mediated responses in dural and pial arteries in vivo after intracarotid infusion of Na2S

Cephalalgia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1310-1320
Author(s):  
Anna Koldbro Hansted ◽  
Lars Jørn Jensen ◽  
Jes Olesen ◽  
Inger Jansen-Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Dura Mater ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Pial Arteries ◽  
Cranial Window ◽  
Cgrp Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Channel Dependent

Background The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel might play a role in migraine. However, different mechanisms for this have been suggested. The purpose of our study was to investigate the localization and significance of TRPA1 channels in rat pial and dural arteries. Methods Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to localize TRPA1 channels in dural arteries, pial arteries, dura mater and trigeminal ganglion. The genuine closed cranial window model was used to examine the effect of Na2S, a donor of the TRPA1 channel opener H2S, on the diameter of pial and dural arteries. Further, we performed blocking experiments with TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist olcegepant and KCa3.1 channel blocker TRAM-34. Results TRPA1 channels were localized to the endothelium of both dural and pial arteries and in nerve fibers in dura mater. Further, we found TRPA1 expression in the membrane of trigeminal ganglia neuronal cells, some of them also staining for CGRP. Na2S caused dilation of both dural and pial arteries. In dural arteries, this was inhibited by HC-030031 and olcegepant. In pial arteries, the dilation was inhibited by TRAM-34, suggesting involvement of the KCa3.1 channel. Conclusion Na2S causes a TRPA1- and CGRP-dependent dilation of dural arteries and a KCa3.1 channel-dependent dilation of pial arteries in rats.

Distribution of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1-expressing nerve fibers in mouse esophagus

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenjiro Matsumoto ◽  
Takuji Hosoya ◽  
Eriko Ishikawa ◽  
Kimihito Tashima ◽  
Kikuko Amagase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Cation Channel ◽  
Transient Receptor

scholarly journals Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Nassini ◽  
Silvia Benemei ◽  
Camilla Fusi ◽  
Gabriela Trevisan ◽  
Serena Materazzi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Channels ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Spontaneous Pain ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Thermal Hypersensitivity

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a common dose-limiting side effect of many chemotherapeuticdrugs, including platinum-based compounds (e.g., cisplatin and oxaliplatin), taxanes (e.g., paclitaxel), vinca alkaloids (e.g., vincristine), and the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib. Among the various sensory symptoms of CIPN, paresthesia, dysesthesia, spontaneous pain, and mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity are prominent. Inflammation, oxidative stress, loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers, modifications of mitochondria, and various ion channels alterations are part of the several mechanisms contributing to CIPN. Because attempts to mitigate chemotherapeutic- induced acute neuronal hyperexcitability and the subsequent peripheral neuropathy have yielded unsatisfactory results, a more in-depth understanding of the mechanism(s) responsible for the neurotoxic action of anticancer drugs is required. Some members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels, as the TRPV1 and TRPV4 (vanilloid), TRPA1 (ankyrin) and TRPM8 (melastatin) are expressed on the plasma membrane of primary sensory neurons (nociceptors), where they are activated by an unprecedented series of physical and chemical stimuli. There is evidence that TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 are prominent contributors of mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in models of CIPN. In particular, in vitro and in vivo studies have pointed out the unique role of TRPA1 and oxidative stress in the mechanism responsible for cold and mechanical hyperalgesia in rodent models of CIPN.

scholarly journals Activation characteristics of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and its role in nociception

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (3) ◽  
pp. C587-C600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Raisinghani ◽  
Linlin Zhong ◽  
Joseph A. Jeffry ◽  
Mahendra Bishnoi ◽  
Reddy M. Pabbidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Induced Currents ◽  
Transient Receptor ◽  
Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Single Channel Currents

Transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a Ca2+-permeant, nonselective cationic channel. It is predominantly expressed in the C afferent sensory nerve fibers of trigeminal and dorsal root ganglion neurons and is highly coexpressed with the nociceptive ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Several physical and chemical stimuli have been shown to activate the channel. In this study, we have used electrophysiological techniques and behavioral models to characterize the properties of TRPA1. Whole cell TRPA1 currents induced by brief application of lower concentrations of N-methyl maleimide (NMM) or allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) can be reversed readily by washout, whereas continuous application of higher concentrations of NMM or AITC completely desensitized the currents. The deactivation and desensitization kinetics differed between NMM and AITC. TRPA1 current amplitude increased with repeated application of lower concentrations of AITC, whereas saturating concentrations of AITC induced tachyphylaxis, which was more pronounced in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. The outward rectification exhibited by native TRPA1-mediated whole cell and single-channel currents was minimal as compared with other TRP channels. TRPA1 currents were negatively modulated by protons and polyamines, both of which activate the heat-sensitive channel, TRPV1. Interestingly, neither protein kinase C nor protein kinase A activation sensitized AITC-induced currents, but each profoundly sensitized capsaicin-induced currents. Current-clamp experiments revealed that AITC produced a slow and sustained depolarization as compared with capsaicin. TRPA1 is also expressed at the central terminals of nociceptors at the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus. Activation of TRPA1 in this area increases the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory or inhibitory postsynaptic currents. In behavioral studies, intraplantar and intrathecal administration of AITC induced more pronounced and prolonged changes in nociceptive behavior than those induced by capsaicin. In conclusion, the characteristics of TRPA1 we have delineated suggest that it might play a unique role in nociception.

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