Blood-Based Oxidative Stress Markers and Cognitive Performance in Early Old Age: The HAPIEE Study

Background/Aims: Oxidative stress is involved in Alzheimer disease pathology, but its impact on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults remains unknown. We estimated associations between serum oxidative stress markers and cognitive function in early old age. Methods: Subjects aged 45-69 years recruited in urban centers in Central and Eastern Europe had memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed assessed at baseline (2002-2005) and 3 years later. Derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and total thiol levels (TTLs) were measured at baseline in a subsample. Linear regression was used to estimate associations of biomarkers with cognitive test scores cross-sectionally (n = 4,304) and prospectively (n = 2,882). Results: Increased d-ROM levels were inversely associated with global cognition and verbal fluency cross-sectionally and in prospective analysis; observed effects corresponded to 3-4 years' higher age. TTL was inconsistently associated with memory. BAP was not related to cognitive function. Conclusion: This study found modest evidence for a relationship between serum d-ROMs and cognitive function in a population sample of older adults.

Download Full-text

Associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92076-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad H. Alghadir ◽

Sami A. Gabr ◽

Shahnawaz Anwer ◽

Heng Li

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Cognitive Capacity ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Total Homocysteine

AbstractThis study examined the associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults. One hundred and six older adults (62 men, 44 women) within the age range of 56–81 years participated. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment were used to assess physical activity and cognitive function, respectively. Vitamin E (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol), oxidative stress markers (e.g., total antioxidant capacity and nitric oxide), and total homocysteine were estimated. There were significant associations between physical activity (high versus moderate versus poor) and all biomarkers (all p = 0.000, and p = 0.010 for γ-tocopherol). While total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity were significantly associated with cognitive capacity (p = 0.000), vitamin E levels (e.g., α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) and nitric oxide (p = 0.354, 0.103 and 0.060, respectively) were not related to cognitive capacity in older adults. This study concludes that physical activity was associated with Vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine, and cognitive capacity in older adults. Although cognitive capacity was associated with total homocysteine and total antioxidant capacity, it was unrelated to vitamin E levels and nitric oxide in older adults.

Download Full-text

Abstract 22: Visit-to-Visit Variability in Blood Pressure is Related to Late-Life Cognitive Decline

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.22 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Bo Qin ◽

Anthony J Viera ◽

Linda S Adair ◽

Brenda L Plassman ◽

Lloyd J Edwards ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Nutrition Survey

Introduction: Recent studies suggest higher visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (BP) is associated with worse cognitive function, but evidence based on longitudinal cognitive testing has not been reported. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that higher visit-to-visit variability in BP, but not mean BP, would be associated with faster decline in cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 1213 adults who had two or more waves of BP measurements as part of the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991, up to their first cognitive tests, and completed a cognitive screening test at two or more waves in 1997, 2000 or 2004. Mean (SD) age at first cognitive test was 64 (6) y. Outcomes were repeated measures of global cognitive scores (baseline mean ± SD: 19 ± 6 points), standardized composite cognitive and verbal memory scores (standardized units [SU]). Visit-to visit BP variability was expressed as the standard deviation [SD] or as the variation independent of mean (SD/mean^x, with x derived from curve fitting) in BP measures obtained at a mean interval of 3.6 years. Multivariable-adjusted linear mixed-effects models were used to determine the association of changes in cognitive scores with visit-to visit BP variability. Results: Higher visit-to-visit variability in systolic BP, but not mean systolic BP, was associated with a faster decline of cognitive function (adjusted mean difference [95% CI] for high vs. low tertile of SD in variability (Figure): global score -0.23 points/y [-0.41 to -0.04], composite scores -0.029 SU/y [-0.056 to -0.002] and verbal memory -0.044 SU/y [-0.075 to -0.012]). Higher visit-to-visit variability in diastolic BP was associated with a faster decline of global cognitive function only among adults 55-64 years, independent of mean diastolic BP. Conclusion: Higher long-term BP visit-to-visit variability predicted a faster rate of cognitive decline among older adults.

Download Full-text

The effects of exercise treatment on learning and memory ability, and cognitive performance in diet-induced prediabetes animals

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-72098-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mluleki Luvuno ◽

Andile Khathi ◽

Musa V. Mabandla

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Interleukin 1Β ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Object Recognition Test ◽

Dopamine Concentration ◽

Stress Markers

Abstract Changes associated with cognitive function in the high-fat high-carbohydrate diet-induced prediabetes animal model and effect of exercise remain unclear. Rats were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 6): non-diabetic (ND), prediabetic (PD), intermittent exercising PD (PD + IE) and regular exercising PD (PD + RE). After exercise cessation, oral glucose tolerance (OGT), Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) and Morris-Water Maze (MWM) tests were performed to assess cognitive function. After sacrifice, malonaldehyde, glutathione peroxidase, interleukin-1β and dopamine concentration in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were measured. Impaired OGT response in PD animals was accompanied by poor performance on behavioural tasks. This was associated with increased oxidative stress markers and impaired dopamine neurotransmission as evidence by elevated dopamine concentration in the PFC and hippocampal tissue. Improved OGT response by exercise was coupled with improved performance on behavioural tasks, oxidative stress markers and increased interleukin-1β concentration. In regular exercise, this was further coupled with improved dopamine neurotransmission. Cognitive function was affected during prediabetes in animals. This was partly due to oxidative stress and impaired dopamine neurotransmission. Both intermittent and regular exercise improved cognitive function. This was partly mediated by improved glucose tolerance and oxidative stress as well as a subclinical increase in interleukin-1β concentration. In regular exercise, this was further mediated by improved dopamine neurotransmission.

Download Full-text

Association of physical performance tests with frailty indicators and oxidative stress markers in a sample of a community-dwelling elderly population

Biomedical Research ◽

10.4066/biomedicalresearch.29-18-806 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (17) ◽

Author(s):

Levy Munguia ◽

Vannia Solis ◽

Eduardo Meaney ◽

Israel Ramirez Sanchez ◽

Francisco Villarreal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Performance Tests ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Download Full-text

Peripheral Hearing Loss and Its Association with Cognition among Ethnic Chinese Older Adults

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000519291 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Sean Olivia Nicholas ◽

Emily Jiali Koh ◽

Shiou Liang Wee ◽

Robert H. Eikelboom ◽

Dona M.P. Jayakody ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Working Memory ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Pure Tone ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Delayed Matching ◽

Ethnic Chinese

Introduction: Many studies on hearing loss (HL) and cognition are limited by subjective hearing assessments and verbally administered cognition tests, the majority of the document findings in Western populations. This study aimed to assess the association of HL with cognitive impairment among ethnic Chinese Singaporean older adults using visually presented cognitive tests. Methods: The hearing of community-dwelling older adults was assessed using pure tone audiometry. Cognitive function was assessed using the Computerized Cambridge Cognitive Test Battery (CANTAB). Multiple regression analyses examined the association between hearing and cognitive function, adjusted for age, education, and gender. Results: HL (pure-tone average [PTA] of thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz in the better ear, BE4PTA) was associated with reduced performance in delayed matching and multitasking tasks (β = −0.25, p = 0.019, and β = 0.02, p = 0.023, respectively). Moderate to severe HL was associated with reduced performance in delayed matching and verbal recall memory tasks (β = −10.6, p = 0.019, and β = −0.28, p = 0.042). High-frequency HL was associated with reduced performance in the spatial working memory task (β = 0.004, p = 0.022). All-frequency HL was associated with reduced performance in spatial working memory and multitasking (β = 0.01, p = 0.040, and β = 0.02, p = 0.048). Conclusion: Similar to Western populations, HL among tonal language-speaking ethnic Chinese was associated with worse performance in tasks requiring working memory and executive function.

Download Full-text

Simplified olfactory reminiscence to help maintain the mental health in community-dwelling older adults

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x21000076 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Hideaki Hanaoka ◽

Toshiaki Muraki ◽

Fumiko Kaneko ◽

Shingo Yamane ◽

Hitoshi Okamura

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of simplified reminiscence practice using olfactory stimuli on depression and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Accordingly, 61 individuals were randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group, 12 sessions of reminiscence were performed using olfactory cards. In the control group, reminiscence sessions were similarly performed, but with language cards. The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) was used to measure mental health status and the Five Cognitive Test was used to measure cognitive function at baseline and after completion of the intervention. The final sample included 27 participants in the intervention group and 23 participants in the control group. Basic characteristics of the participants at baseline were compared and a significant difference was observed between the two groups in age (p = 0.029). Repeated-measures analysis of covariance with age as the covariate revealed a significant interaction between time and group on the GDS-15 (p = 0.04). Furthermore, a before and after comparison using a paired t-test showed a significant difference only in the intervention group (p = 0.01). The results of this study suggest that simplified reminiscence practice using olfactory cards could serve as an intervention to help maintain the mental health of community-dwelling older adults.

Download Full-text

Low Intensity Aerobic Exercise and Oxidative Stress Markers in Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2013-0037 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 536-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Bouzid ◽

Omar Hammouda ◽

Régis Matran ◽

Sophie Robin ◽

Claudine Fabre

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Older Adults ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Physically Active ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Before And After ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Sedentary Subjects

This comparative study examined the effects of regular low intensity aerobic exercise on oxidative stress markers in older adults. The study was carried out on 15 sedentary subjects (age: 65.1 ± 3.5 years) versus 18 subjects performing fitness exercises (age: 65.8 ± 3.3 years). Before and after an incremental exercise test, oxidative stress markers were assessed. Superoxide dismutase was higher at rest and at the recovery for the physically active subjects compared with sedentary subjects (p < .05). At recovery, glutathione peroxidase and α -Tocopherol increased significantly above the resting values only in the active group (p < .05). Malondialdehyde had increased in both groups (p < .01), associated with a higher level in the sedentary group (p < .05) at the recovery. These data suggest that low intensity aerobic exercise may be useful to prevent the decline of antioxidants linked with aging.

Download Full-text

Effect of Tai Chi on Oxidative Stress Markers in Mexican Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.449 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

pp. S28

Author(s):

Taide Arista-Ugalde ◽

Mario Altamirano-Lozano ◽

Silvia Patricia Pérez-Vera ◽

Vìctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers

Download Full-text

Association of Drug Burden Index With Measures of Cognitive Function Among Older Adults

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab033_011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 11-11

Author(s):

Janie DiNatale ◽

Kristi Crowe-White ◽

Amy Ellis ◽

Joy Douglas ◽

Ian McDonough ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Apoe Genotype ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽

Full Cohort ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Drug Burden Index ◽

Daily Dose

Abstract Objectives Many conditions associated with aging result in polypharmacy, and certain medications may impact cognition. One way to assess exposure to such medications is through the use of the drug burden index (DBI)- a validated measure of exposure to anticholinergic and sedative medications, with a higher DBI score indicating a higher drug burden. The objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to investigate the association between DBI and cognitive function assessed by two widely utilized cognitive tests among older adults. Methods The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study was a prospective study of community-dwelling adults ages 70–79 years at enrollment. Using baseline data, DBI was calculated by dividing the daily dose of the medication taken by the sum of the daily dose taken and the minimum efficacious dose as approved by the Food and Drug Association. After adjusting for biological sex, race, education, and APOE genotype, the association between DBI and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Modified Mini-Mental Status Exam (3MS) score was assessed by partial Spearman's rank correlation. Kruskal-Wallis tests were employed to assess significance among DBI scores by tertile. Results Among those with completed measures (n = 790, 52.4% male, 63.3% white), mean scores were as follows: DBI 0.84 ± 0.48, 3MS 90.12 ± 7.9, and DSST 34.7 ± 14.6. Results suggest that DBI was not significantly associated with either 3MS or DSST. However, DBI scores by tertile were significantly associated with DSST scores. Compared to tertile 2, participants in the lowest tertile had significantly lower DBI scores along with significantly higher DSST scores. Mean differences between tertile 1 and 2 were as follows: DBI = 0.1666 and DSST = 3.39. Conclusions Analyses among the full cohort suggest that DBI was not associated with slower processing speed as assessed by the DSST or with global cognition as assessed by 3MS. Yet with expanded analysis by tertile, results suggest that DBI scores were significantly associated with DSST scores. Future investigations on cognitive function among older adults may benefit from including the DBI analysis by tertile to explain some variance in cognitive test scores. Funding Sources This is an ancillary analysis, there is no funding applicable.

Download Full-text