Effect of 5,000 ppm Fluoride Dentifrice or 1,100 ppm Fluoride Dentifrice Combined with Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride on Caries Lesion Inhibition and Repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanza E. Fernández ◽  
Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta ◽  
Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury ◽  
Diego Figueiredo Nóbrega ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Caries Lesions

High fluoride dentifrice (FD; 5,000 ppm F) has been recommended to arrest root dentine lesions and to control enamel caries in high-risk patients. Also, standard FD (1,100 ppm F) in combination with professional fluoride application has been recommended to control dentine caries, but the effect of this combination on enamel has been considered modest. Considering the lack of evaluation comparing the use of 5,000 ppm FD (5,000-FD) versus acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application combined with 1,100 ppm FD (1,100-FD) on the inhibition and repair of caries lesions in both enamel and dentine, we conducted this in situ, double-blind, crossover study of 3 phases of 14 days. In each phase, 18 volunteers wore palatal appliances containing enamel and root dentine specimens, either sound or carious, to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the inhibition or repair of caries lesions, respectively. The treatments were non-FD (negative control), 5,000-FD, or 1 APF gel application on dental specimens combined with 1,100-FD used twice per day (APF + 1,100-FD). The reduction of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization were assessed by surface and cross-sectional hardness. Fluoride concentration was determined on dental specimens and on the formed biofilm. For enamel, APF + 1,100-FD and 5,000-FD did not differ regarding the inhibition of demineralization and repair of caries lesions. However, for dentine the difference between these treatments was inconclusive because while APF + 1,100-FD was more effective than 5,000-FD in caries lesion reduction and repair, 5,000-FD was more effective than APF + 1,100-FD in the reduction of surface demineralization. Therefore, the findings show that the combination of APF + 1,100-FD is as effective as 5,000-FD in enamel inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization.

scholarly journals Fluoride Dentifrice Overcomes the Lower Resistance of Fluorotic Enamel to Demineralization

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-575
Author(s):  
Luma Fabiane Almeida ◽  
Lina María Marín ◽  
Esperanza Angeles Martínez-Mier ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Lower Resistance ◽  
Enamel Mineralization ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice

We evaluated if the low resistance of fluorotic enamel to demineralization could be overcome by fluoride dentifrice (FD) treatment. Paired enamel slabs of sound and fluorotic enamel (n = 20/group) from human teeth presenting Thylstrup and Fejerskov index (TF) scores from 0 to 4 were obtained. Half of the anatomic surface of the enamel slabs was isolated and used as a control (baseline) regarding enamel mineralization and fluoride concentration. The slabs were submitted to a pH-cycling model simulating a high cariogenic challenge, and 2×/day they were treated with placebo dentifrice (PD) or FD (1,100 µg F/g, as NaF). After 10 days, the slabs were cut into two halves. Enamel demineralization was evaluated by cross-sectional microhardness in one half, and the fluoride formed (FF) concentration was determined in the other half. For statistical analysis, the data on net demineralization area (ΔΔS) and FF (µg F/g) were grouped into TF0, TF1–2, and TF3–4, and analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (α = 5%). The factors studied were TF (0, 1–2, and 3–4) and dentifrice treatment (PD or FD). The effect of the factors was statistically significant for ΔΔS and FF (p < 0.05). In the PD group, the following pattern for ΔΔS was observed: TF3–4 > TF1–2 > TF0 (p < 0.05); however, the groups did not differ (p > 0.05) when FD was used. Regarding FF, the groups treated with PD did not differ (p > 0.05), but the greatest (p < 0.05) FF concentration was found in group TF3–4 treated with FD. These findings suggest that the higher susceptibility of fluorotic enamel to demineralization lesions is decreased by the use of FD.

A Clinical Assessment of the Efficacy of a Stannous-Containing Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice on Dentinal Hypersensitivity

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao He ◽  
Trevor Day ◽  
Johannes Einwag ◽  
Joachim S. Hermann ◽  
Mary Kay Anastasia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Sensitive Teeth ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Dentinal Hypersensitivity

Abstract Aim To measure the desensitizing benefits of an experimental stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice versus a regular sodium fluoride negative control. Methods and Materials This study was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, fourweek clinical trial. Subjects reporting dentinal hypersensitivity were enrolled and randomized to the experimental dentifrice or the control dentifrice to use twice daily for four weeks. Efficacy assessments (Air Blast) were performed at baseline and weeks two and four. Separate analyses were performed for the two most sensitive teeth at baseline and for all 12 teeth. Results for weeks two and four combined also were analyzed. Results Thirty-one subjects were included in the analyses. For the two most sensitive teeth, the experimental dentifrice showed statistically significantly less sensitivity (p<0.05) versus the control at weeks two and four and for weeks two and four combined. The sensitivity reduction ranged from 24.9% to 28.4% over the control. For all 12 teeth, the experimental group had statistically significantly (p<0.03) lower sensitivity scores versus the control group at week two and weeks two and four combined. Conclusion The experimental dentifrice demonstrated significant desensitizing advantages versus the control. Clinical Significance This stannouscontaining sodium fluoride dentifrice provides an effective treatment for patients with dentinal hypersensitivity, significantly reducing sensitivity versus a negative control in this four-week trial. Citation Day TN, Einwag J, Hermann JS, He T, Anastasia MK, Barker M, Zhang Y. A Clinical Assessment of the Efficacy of a Stannous- Containing Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice on Dentinal Hypersensitivity. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):001-008. Available from:http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue1-day.

The Addition of Propylene Glycol Alginate to a Fluoride Solution to Control Enamel Wear: An in situ Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 517-523
Author(s):  
Letícia Oba Sakae ◽  
Samira Helena Niemeyer ◽  
Sávio José Cardoso Bezerra ◽  
Alessandra Buhler Borges ◽  
Cecilia Pedroso Turssi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Propylene Glycol Alginate ◽  
Enamel Erosion ◽  
Enamel Wear

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of propylene glycol alginate (PGA) associated with sodium fluoride (NaF) against enamel erosion and erosion-abrasion. A 4-phase, split-mouth, double-blind, crossover in situ trial was conducted with the following solutions: F + PGA (225 ppm F<sup>–</sup> + 0.1% PGA), F (225 ppm F<sup>–</sup>), F + Sn (225 ppm F<sup>–</sup> + SnCl<sub>2</sub>, 800 ppm Sn<sup>2+</sup>), and negative control (distilled water). In each phase, 12 subjects wore removable mandibular appliances containing 4 enamel specimens, which were submitted either to erosion or to erosion-abrasion challenges for 5 days. Acquired salivary pellicle was formed in situ for 2 h. Erosion-abrasion consisted of acid challenge (1% citric acid solution, pH 2.3, 5 min, 4×/day), exposure to saliva in situ (2 h, 4×/day), brushing (5 s, total 2 min exposure to the slurry), and treatment with the solutions (2 min, 2×/day). For erosion, the same procedures were performed, without brushing. At the end, surface loss (SL; in μm) was evaluated by means of optical profilometry. KOH-soluble fluoride was quantified for erosion-only groups using extra specimens. For both challenges, the SL values found for F + PGA did not differ significantly from those of F and the negative control, and the SL value shown for F + Sn was significantly the lowest. Erosion-abrasion promoted significantly higher SL values than erosion. KOH-soluble fluoride analysis showed that F + Sn had a higher fluoride concentration in comparison with the negative control and F, while F + PGA did not differ from any of the other groups. In conclusion, PGA was not able to improve the protective effect of NaF against erosive enamel wear.

scholarly journals Influence of Fluoridated Groundwater and 1,100 Ppm Fluoride Dentifrice on Biomarkers of Exposure to Fluoride

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Tavares de Sousa ◽  
Vanessa Feitosa Alves ◽  
Fabiana Barros Marinho Maia ◽  
Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos ◽  
Franklin Delano Soares Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis

Abstract This research aimed to determine the influence of fluoridated groundwater and 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice on biomarkers of exposure to fluoride in preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was performed on thirty preschoolers recruited from naturally fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas (n=15). Total Daily Fluoride Intake (TDFI) from diet and dentifrice, and Daily Urinary Fluoride Excretion (DUFE) was measured over 24 h. Nails samples were collected twice during 30 days. Fluoride analyses were performed using a fluoride-ion-specific electrode. Data were evaluated using the Student and paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis (α≤0.05). Fluoridated groundwater and dentifrice were the dominant sources (r2 > 0.83) of TDFI in children from a naturally fluoridated and a non-fluoridated area, respectively. A positive correlation between TDFI and DUFE (r=0.50), and between [F] in fingernails and toenails (r=0.60) were found in children from a naturally fluoridated area. The [F] in nails of finger and toe were not correlated to TDFI. The consumption of fluoridated groundwater influenced the fluoride concentration in urine. In addition, the use of 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice did not influence the fluoride concentration in urine and fingernails.

scholarly journals High Fluoride Dentifrices for Elderly and Vulnerable Adults: Does It Work and if So, Then Why?

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Rud Ekstrand
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Fluoride ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Root Caries ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Reasonable Evidence ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Vulnerable Adults ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Better Than

The primary aim of this work is to present the available evidence that toothpastes containing >1,500 ppm fluoride (2,500-2,800 and 5,000 ppm F) provide an additional caries preventive effect on root caries lesions in elderly patients compared to traditional dentifrices (1,000-1,450 ppm F). The secondary aim of this paper is to discuss why high fluoride dentifrices in general should perform better than traditional F-containing toothpaste. When examining the few studies that have considered the preventive benefits of high fluoride products on root caries the relative risk appears to be around 0.5, and the risk can thus be halved by exchanging traditional F-containing toothpaste for toothpaste containing 5,000 ppm F. There is reasonable evidence that high fluoride dentifrices significantly increase the fluoride concentration in saliva during the day and the fluoride concentration in plaque compared to traditional F toothpaste. Furthermore, the use of toothpaste with 5,000 ppm F significantly reduces the amount of plaque accumulated, decreases the number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and possibly promotes calcium fluoride deposits to a higher degree than after the use of traditional F-containing toothpaste.

Dose-Response Effect of Fluoride Dentifrices on De-/Remineralization of Root Dentine in situ

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 502-508
Author(s):  
José Leal ◽  
Robson Ferreira ◽  
Cinthia Tabchoury ◽  
Peter Lingström ◽  
Glauber Vale
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Mineral Replacement ◽  
Dose Response Effect

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluoride (F) dentifrice with different F concentrations on root dentine de-/remineralization. Ten healthy volunteers took part in this randomized, double-blinded, cross-over, and split-mouth in situ experimental study. During 4 phases of 7 days, they wore a palatal appliance containing 4 bovine dentine blocks (2 sound and 2 with caries) of 4 × 4 × 2 mm. Treatments were performed with silica-based dentifrices containing 0, 700, 1,300, and 5,000 µg F/g (F as NaF). To provide a cariogenic challenge, a 20% sucrose solution was dripped 3 and 8 times daily on the carious-like and sound blocks, respectively. After each experimental phase, the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL) or recovery (%SHR) was calculated and the fluoride concentration in the biofilm was determined. The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test with <i>p</i> at 5%. The relationship between variables was analyzed by linear regression. The results showed a lower %SHL when 5,000 µg F/g dentifrice was used but without a statistically significant difference from the conventional one (1,300 µg F/g). Regarding remineralization and F in biofilms, the high-fluoride dentifrice was expressively superior in mineral replacement on the surface and in the F concentration in the biofilms, respectively, compared to the other 3 products (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Also, a significant linear fit between mineral loss/gain, F in biofilms, and fluoride concentration in the dentifrices could be observed. In conclusion, a dose-response F effect was observed, and the high-fluoride dentifrice was effective in enhancing root dentine remineralization in this short-term in situ study.

An in vitro Evaluation of the Prevention of Caries on Overdenture Abutments

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1338-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Ettinger ◽  
D. Manderson ◽  
J.S. Wefel ◽  
M.E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Root Surfaces

Teeth prepared as overdenture abutments are susceptible to caries, and it has been shown that brushing by itself is not sufficient to prevent this process. This study evaluated the preventive effect of a remineralization gel which has a low fluoride concentration and compared its effects with those of a phosphate fluoride gel (Karigel), which has a much higher concentration of fluoride. Twenty extracted anterior teeth from patients aged 50 to 70 years were prepared as for overdenture abutments. Each tooth was sectioned into three fragments. An acidified gel system was used to produce artificial caries lesions on the occlusal and root surfaces of each fragment. One fragment of each tooth was treated with the remineralizing gel, the second fragment with a high-fluoride gel, and the third fragment served as the control. Ten teeth were removed at two weeks and again at four weeks, and were sectioned and prepared for histological examination. The depth of the lesions was measured from standardized photomicrographs by means of a sonic digitizer. The conclusions were: (1) Lesions on the occlusal tended to be deeper than those on the root surfaces at four weeks but not at two weeks; and (2) the high-fluoride gel was more protective than the low-fluoride remineralizing solution at both time periods on the occlusal but not on the root surface.

scholarly journals Remineralizing Efficacy of a CPP-ACP Cream on Enamel Caries Lesions in situ

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel ◽  
Richard J. Wierichs ◽  
Timo Schellwien ◽  
Sebastian Paris
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

The aim of this double-blind, randomized, cross-over in situ study was to compare the remineralizing effects induced by the application of casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate complexes (CPP-ACP)-containing cream (without fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste with the prolonged use of fluoride toothpaste on enamel caries lesions in situ. During each of three experimental legs of 4 weeks, 13 participants wore intra-oral mandibular appliances with 8 pre-demineralized bovine enamel specimens in the vestibular flanges mimicking either ‘easily cleanable' or ‘proximal' surfaces (n = 312). The three randomly allocated treatments were as follows: (1) application of CPP-ACP-containing cream (GC Tooth Mouse, non-fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; TM), (2) prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; positive control, PC) and (3) prolonged application of fluoride-free toothpaste (negative control, NC). Additionally, one of each of the two flanges was brushed twice daily with the respective toothpaste. The differences in integrated mineral loss as assessed by transversal microradiography were calculated between values before and after the in situ period. Changes in mineral loss were analysed for those pairs of subgroups differing in only one of the three factors (intervention, brushing and position). The PC treatment induced a significantly higher mineral gain compared with the TM and NC treatments. No significant differences between TM and NC for both positions were observed. In conclusion, the additional use of a CPP-ACP-containing cream seems to be less efficacious in remineralizing caries lesions than the prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

Frequency of Fluoride Dentifrice Use and Caries Lesions Inhibition and Repair

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Figueiredo Nóbrega ◽  
Constanza Estefany Fernández ◽  
Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury ◽  
Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Caries Lesions

The clinical relevance of the frequency of fluoride dentifrice (FD) use on enamel caries is based on evidence. However, the relative effect of FD on reduction of demineralization or enhancement of remineralization is unknown and the effect of frequency on root dentine caries has not been explored. The aim of this double-blind, crossover, in situ study, which was conducted in 4 phases of 14 days each, was to evaluate the relationship between the frequency of FD use and enamel and root dentine de- and remineralization. Eighteen volunteers wore palatal appliances containing enamel and root dentine slabs, either sound or carious. Biofilm accumulation on the slab surface was allowed, and 20% sucrose solution was dripped 3 or 8 times per day on the carious and sound slabs, respectively. Volunteers used FD (1,100 μg F/g) in the frequencies 0 (fluoride-placebo dentifrice), 1, 2 and 3 times per day. The demineralization and remineralization that occurred in sound or carious slabs was estimated by the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL) or recovery (%SHR). Loosely (CaF2) and firmly (FAp) bound fluoride concentrations were also determined. The relationship between the variables was analyzed by linear regression. The %SHL, CaF2 and FAp concentrations were a function of the frequency of FD use for enamel and dentine, but the %SHR was a function of the frequency of FD use only for enamel (p < 0.05). The results suggest that demineralization in enamel and root dentine is reduced in proportion to the frequency of FD use, but for remineralization the effect of the frequency of FD use was relevant only to enamel.

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