The Head Turning Sign in Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Its Relationship to Cognition, Behavior, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Durães ◽  
Miguel Tábuas-Pereira ◽  
Rui Araújo ◽  
Diana Duro ◽  
Inês Baldeiras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Head Turning ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Scale Scores

Background/Aims: The head turning sign (HTS) is frequently noticed in clinical practice, but few studies have investigated its etiological and neuropsychological correlates. Methods: The presence and frequency of the HTS was operationalized and prospectively evaluated in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for AD biomarkers were collected. Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and insight scale scores were ascertained. Results: A total of 84 patients were included. The HTS was more prevalent in AD than in MCI or bvFTD. It correlated negatively with cognitive measures and depression. It also had a positive correlation with CSF total tau and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. Total tau protein and GDS score were the only variables independently associated with the HTS. Conclusions: The presence of the HTS in a cognitively impaired individual suggests a diagnosis of AD. A higher HTS frequency correlates with higher CSF total tau levels, a smaller GDS score, and worse cognitive measures. In the MCI subgroup, the HTS may suggest a higher risk of progression.

scholarly journals Are depressive symptoms in mild cognitive impairment predictive of conversion to dementia?

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen De Roeck ◽  
Ingrid Ponjaert-Kristoffersen ◽  
Marc Bosmans ◽  
Peter Paul De Deyn ◽  
Sebastiaan Engelborghs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTBackground:Depressive symptoms are common in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The association between depressive symptoms and conversion to dementia is not yet clear. This longitudinal study was conducted to ascertain whether depressive symptoms in aMCI patients are predictive of conversion to dementia.Methods:35 aMCI patients participated in this study. All participants underwent cognitive testing and were administered the geriatric depression scale (GDS) to determine the presence of depressive symptoms. A score equaling or higher than 11 on the GDS was taken as the cut-off point for presence of significant depressive symptoms. Conversion to dementia was assessed at follow-up visits after 1.5, 4, and 10 years.Results:31.4% of the patients reported depressive symptoms at baseline. None of the cognitive measures revealed a significant difference at baseline between patients with and without depressive symptoms. After 1.5, 4, and 10 years respectively 6, 14, and 23 patients had converted to dementia. Although the GDS scores at baseline did not predict conversion to dementia, the cognitive measures and more specifically a verbal cued recall task (the memory impairment scale-plus) was a good predictor for conversion.Conclusions:Based on this dataset, the presence of depressive symptoms in aMCI patients is not predictive of conversion to dementia.

scholarly journals Evidence for Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid ERK1/2 Levels in Alzheimer Dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Spitzer ◽  
Heinke Schieb ◽  
Heike Kamrowski-Kruck ◽  
Markus Otto ◽  
Davide Chiasserini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 33 patients with Alzheimer dementia (AD), 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment who converted to AD during followup (MCI-AD), 25 patients with stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI-stable), and 16 nondemented subjects (ND) were analyzed with a chemiluminescence immunoassay to assess the levels of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2). The results were evaluated in relation to total Tau (tTau), phosphorylated Tau (pTau), and beta-amyloid 42 peptide (Aβ42). CSF-ERK1/2 was significantly increased in the AD group as compared to stable MCI patients and the ND group. Western blot analysis of a pooled cerebrospinal fluid sample revealed that both isoforms, ERK1 and ERK2, and low amounts of doubly phosphorylated ERK2 were detectable. As a predictive diagnostic AD biomarker, CSF-ERK1/2 was inferior to tTau, pTau, and Aβ42.

scholarly journals Identifying the Factors Related to Depressive Symptoms Amongst Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Song ◽  
Doris S.F. Yu ◽  
Polly W.C. Li ◽  
Qiuhua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

High-level depressive symptoms have been reported in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), resulting in increased risk of progression to dementia. However, studies investigating the correlates of depressive symptoms among this population are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the significant socio-demographic, lifestyle-related and disease-related correlates of depressive symptoms among this cohort. Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 154 Chinese community-dwelling older adults with MCI. MCI subjects were screened by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale. Possible correlates of depressive symptoms in individuals with MCI were explored by multiple linear regressions. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults with MCI was 31.8%. In multiple regression analysis, poor perceived positive social interaction, small social network, low level of physical activity, poor functional status, subjective memory complaint, and poor health perception were correlated with depressive symptoms. The findings highlight that depressive symptoms are sufficient to warrant evaluation and management in older adults with MCI. Addressing social isolation, assisting this vulnerable group in functional and physical activities, and cultivating a positive perception towards cognitive and physical health are highly prioritized treatment targets among individuals with MCI.

scholarly journals Potential Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vo Van Giau ◽  
Eva Bagyinszky ◽  
Seong Soo A. An
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Phosphorylated Tau ◽  
Transitional State ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Current State ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Potential Fluid

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by a level of cognitive impairment that is lower than normal for a person’s age, but a higher function than that that observed in a demented person. MCI represents a transitional state between normal aging and dementia disorders, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Much effort has been made towards determining the prognosis of a person with MCI who will convert to AD. It is now clear that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, total tau and phosphorylated tau are useful for predicting the risk of progression from MCI to AD. This review highlights the advantages of the current blood-based biomarkers in MCI, and discusses some of these challenges, with an emphasis on recent studies to provide an overview of the current state of MCI.

scholarly journals 1130 Insomnia Short Sleep Phenotype is Associated With Frailty in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A430-A430
Author(s):  
M Basta ◽  
A Vgontzas ◽  
E Koutentaki ◽  
I Zaganas ◽  
J Fernandez-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep

Abstract Introduction Insomnia short sleep phenotype is associated with cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality and neuropsychological impairment. In elderly untreated insomnia is associated with worse cognitive performance. The goal of the study was to examine the association between insomnia, objective sleep duration and physical and mental health in elderly patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methods A sub-sample of 105 patients with MCI (mean age: 75.9 years, males 36%) were recruited from a large population-based cohort (Cretan Aging Cohort) in the island of Crete, Greece of 3,140 elders (≥ 60yrs). All participants underwent a complete medical history/ physical examination, extensive neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological evaluation and 3-day 24hr actigraphy. Insomnia was defined based on a question “do you have insomnia for more than a year”. Frailty was assessed with the Simple “Frail” Questionnaire Screening Tool. Comparisons between patients with insomnia and without insomnia were made using ANOVA controlling for age, gender and BMI. Results MCI patients with insomnia (n=23) compared to those without insomnia (n=82), had significantly shorter objective total sleep time (TST: 377 vs. 410 min, p=0.05) and significantly higher scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Hospital Anxiety Scale (both p <0.001). Furthermore, total frailty score, as well as scores in individual items, were significantly lower in MCI patients with insomnia (p<0.01). This association remained significant after controlling for demographics, depression and anxiety. Finally, there was a statistical trend of association between insomnia and hypertension (p= 0.1). Conclusion In MCI patients, insomnia is associated with objective short sleep duration, and frailty. Improving insomnia and lengthening sleep duration may decrease frailty, a major problem associated with morbidity, disability and mortality in elders with cognitive decline. Support National Strategic Reference Framework (ESPA) 2007-2013, Program: THALES, University of Crete, title: “A multi-disciplinary network for the study of Alzheimer’s Disease” (Grant: MIS 377299).

scholarly journals Clinical and biological predictors of Alzheimer's disease in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestes V. Forlenza ◽  
Breno S. Diniz ◽  
Leda L. Talib ◽  
Marcia Radanovic ◽  
Monica S. Yassuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Total Tau ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Antidementia Drugs ◽  
Beta Peptide

OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of the progression from pre-dementia stages of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease is relevant to clinical management and to substantiate the decision of prescribing antidementia drugs. METHOD: Longitudinal study of a cohort of elderly adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls, carried out to estimate the risk and characterize predictors of the progression to Alzheimer's disease. RESULTS: Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment had a higher risk to develop Alzheimer's disease during follow-up (odds ratio = 4.5, CI95% [1.3-13.6], p = 0.010). At baseline, older age, lower scores on memory tests and presence of the APOE*4 allele predicted the progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. In a sub sample of amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients, those who progressed to Alzheimer's disease had lower cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ42, p = 0.020) and higher concentrations of total TAU (p = 0.030) and phosphorylated TAU (p = 0.010), as compared to non-converters. DISCUSSION: This is the first Brazilian study to report cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the prediction of the conversion from MCI to Alzheimer's disease. Our data are in accordance with those reported in other settings. The measurement of cerebrospinal fluid total-TAU, phospho-TAU and Aβ42 may help identify patients with mild cognitive impairment at higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.

Improving Cognition through Dance in Older Filipinos with Mild Cognitive Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C. Dominguez ◽  
Maria Clarissa O. del Moral ◽  
Jeshya Obeso A. Chio ◽  
Ma. Fe P. de Guzman ◽  
Boots P. Natividad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered a high-risk population for developing dementia and therefore potential targets for preventive interventions. So far, no pharmacological interventions have proven to be effective. Latest evidence has laid the groundwork for the hypothesis that dancing can have beneficial effect on cognition by improving neuroplasticity. Objective: This study aimed to examine whether a structured modular ballroom dance intervention (INDAK) could improve cognition among Filipino older persons with MCI. Methods: A two-armed, single-blinded, quasi-experimental study was conducted in a community-based population at Marikina City, Philippines. Two hundred and seven participants older than 60 years old with MCI participated through self-assigned allocation to dance (N=101) and control (N=106) groups. The intervention group received INDAK consisting eight types of ballroom dances with increasing complexity lasting one hour, twice a week for 48 weeks. Neurologists and psychologists blinded to the group allocation administered baseline and post intervention assessments using Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), Filipino version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-P), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD). Results: Baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics did not differ between groups. The mean differences between baseline and 48-week assessments were compared between dancers and controls, showing that the intervention group improved in ADAS-Cog, MoCA-P, BNT and GDS. Conclusion: INDAK is potentially a novel, ecological and inexpensive non-pharmacological intervention that can improve cognition among older Filipinos with MCI.

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