Multilevel Analysis of Dental Caries in Swedish Children and Adolescents in Relation to Socioeconomic Status

The objective was to investigate the variability in dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents, at two different area levels: dental clinics and SAMS (small areas for market statistics), with respect to multiple individual socioeconomic factors (SES). Records of manifest caries using the DMFT indices (decayed, missing, filled teeth, dependent variables) were collected from electronic dental records for 300,988 individuals aged 3–19 years (97.3% coverage) from the Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. SES data were obtained from official registers and covered ethnicity, wealth, parental education, and employment. The SES variables were used as an independent aggregated variable – an in dex – categorized in deciles. Age and gender were independently included in the multilevel models. Two-level logistic regression analyses explored the probability of a dental caries experience and the variability (intracluster correlation) within dental clinic areas and SAMS, respectively. The most deprived (10th decile, SAMS level) 3- to 6-year-old children had an OR of 5.00 (95% CI 4.61–5.43) for dental caries experience (deft), compared with children in the 1st to 5th deciles. For older children and adolescents (≥7 years), the corresponding OR (DFT) was 2.25 (95% CI 2.15–2.35). Small geographical areas explained more of the variance in caries experience compared with the more aggregated level dental clinics. SES was more strongly related to the risk of dental caries experience than age and gender. In conclusion, the associations between SES and dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents were strong in the study and strongest in young children at a low level.

Download Full-text

Multiple Socioeconomic Factors and Dental Caries in Swedish Children and Adolescents

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000481411 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (1-2) ◽

pp. 42-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ann-Catrin André Kramer ◽

Max Petzold ◽

Magnus Hakeberg ◽

Anna-Lena Östberg

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Parental Education ◽

Principal Component ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Older Children ◽

Crude Odds Ratio ◽

Education And Employment ◽

Electronic Dental Records

The study aimed to explore associations between multiple socioeconomic factors and dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents (3-19 years old). Electronic dental records from 300,988, in a Swedish region (97.3% coverage) were collected using the DMFT indices (decayed, missing, filled teeth: dependent variables). Socioeconomic status (SES) data (ethnicity, wealth, parental education, and employment) for individuals, parents, and families were obtained from official registers. Principal component analysis was used to explore SES data. Scores based on the first factor were used as an independent aggregated socioeconomic variable in logistic regression analyses. Dental caries experience was low in the participants: 16% in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index: decayed, extracted, filled teeth) and 47% in 7- to 19-year-olds (DFT index). Both separate and aggregated socioeconomic variables were consistently associated with the dental caries experience irrespective of the caries index used: the crude odds ratio (OR) for having at least 1 caries lesion in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index) in the lowest SES quintile was 3.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.09-3.43) and in ≥7-year-olds (DFT index) OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.75-1.84) compared with children in the 4 higher SES quintiles. Overall, associations were stronger in the primary dentition than in the permanent dentition. Large SES models contributed more to explaining the caries experience than slim models including fewer SES indicators. In conclusion, socioeconomic factors were consistently associated with dental caries experience in the children and adolescents both as single factors and as multiple factors combined in an index. Socioeconomic inequalities had stronger associations to caries experience in young children than in older children and adolescents.

Download Full-text

Dental Caries Experience and Salivary Elements among a Group of Young Adults in Relation to Age and Gender

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.12816/0038676 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 188-192

Author(s):

Samara Faris Abdel Aziz ◽

Wesal Ali Al-Obaidi

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender

Download Full-text

CAUSES FOR EXTRACTION OF PERMANENT TEETH IN GENERAL DENTAL PRACTICES IN YEMEN

Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22270/ujpr.v4i2.249 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yahya Alhadi ◽

Abubakr H Rassem ◽

Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy ◽

Khaled M Al-Ghaffari

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

T Test ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Dental Clinics ◽

Dental Practices ◽

And Gender ◽

One Year

The aim of this survey was to investigate the primary causes for extraction of permanent teeth, its correlations with age and gender, as well as identify the important predictors for dental caries in Sana'a University dental clinics in Sana'a city, Yemen. The study was conducted over a period of one year; its population consisted of 1,420 patients, aged 9–72 years, who underwent tooth extraction. There were 761(53.6%) male and 659 (46.4%) female patients. The frequency distribution was calculated using the t-test, ANOVA and t test for differences in mean number of extracted teeth and the logistic regression model to evaluate the variables associated with causes for tooth extraction. A total of 2,585 teeth were extracted from the 1,420 patients. The highest rate (23.1%) of extraction occurred for those 41–50 years old. Males comprised 53.6% of patients but had more teeth (1598, 61.8%) extracted than females (987, 38.2%).The rate of teeth extracted on the day of the survey per patient was 1.82±0.07 (2.1±0.1 in males and 1.5±0.05 in females). Tooth loss due to caries was 69%; periodontal disease was 28%; pre-prosthetic reasons were 1.9% and other reasons were 1.14%. There was a significant association between patient characteristics (age and gender) and number of teeth extracted in which the Mean±SD of extracted numbers were increase with increasing age and higher in male patients than in females (p<0.001). The most frequently extracted teeth were mandibular first and second molars (446, 17.3%), followed by maxillary premolars (415, 16.1%), while mandibular canines were least frequently extracted (87, 3.4%). In conclusion; dental caries and periodontal problems were the main causes for tooth extraction in Sana'a city, Yemen.

Download Full-text