Multiple Socioeconomic Factors and Dental Caries in Swedish Children and Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Catrin André Kramer ◽  
Max Petzold ◽  
Magnus Hakeberg ◽  
Anna-Lena Östberg
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Electronic Dental Records

The study aimed to explore associations between multiple socioeconomic factors and dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents (3-19 years old). Electronic dental records from 300,988, in a Swedish region (97.3% coverage) were collected using the DMFT indices (decayed, missing, filled teeth: dependent variables). Socioeconomic status (SES) data (ethnicity, wealth, parental education, and employment) for individuals, parents, and families were obtained from official registers. Principal component analysis was used to explore SES data. Scores based on the first factor were used as an independent aggregated socioeconomic variable in logistic regression analyses. Dental caries experience was low in the participants: 16% in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index: decayed, extracted, filled teeth) and 47% in 7- to 19-year-olds (DFT index). Both separate and aggregated socioeconomic variables were consistently associated with the dental caries experience irrespective of the caries index used: the crude odds ratio (OR) for having at least 1 caries lesion in 3- to 6-year-olds (deft index) in the lowest SES quintile was 3.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.09-3.43) and in ≥7-year-olds (DFT index) OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.75-1.84) compared with children in the 4 higher SES quintiles. Overall, associations were stronger in the primary dentition than in the permanent dentition. Large SES models contributed more to explaining the caries experience than slim models including fewer SES indicators. In conclusion, socioeconomic factors were consistently associated with dental caries experience in the children and adolescents both as single factors and as multiple factors combined in an index. Socioeconomic inequalities had stronger associations to caries experience in young children than in older children and adolescents.

Multilevel Analysis of Dental Caries in Swedish Children and Adolescents in Relation to Socioeconomic Status

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Catrin André Kramer ◽  
Aldina Pivodic ◽  
Magnus Hakeberg ◽  
Anna-Lena Östberg
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
And Gender

The objective was to investigate the variability in dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents, at two different area levels: dental clinics and SAMS (small areas for market statistics), with respect to multiple individual socioeconomic factors (SES). Records of manifest caries using the DMFT indices (decayed, missing, filled teeth, dependent variables) were collected from electronic dental records for 300,988 individuals aged 3–19 years (97.3% coverage) from the Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. SES data were obtained from official registers and covered ethnicity, wealth, parental education, and employment. The SES variables were used as an independent aggregated variable – an in dex – categorized in deciles. Age and gender were independently included in the multilevel models. Two-level logistic regression analyses explored the probability of a dental caries experience and the variability (intracluster correlation) within dental clinic areas and SAMS, respectively. The most deprived (10th decile, SAMS level) 3- to 6-year-old children had an OR of 5.00 (95% CI 4.61–5.43) for dental caries experience (deft), compared with children in the 1st to 5th deciles. For older children and adolescents (≥7 years), the corresponding OR (DFT) was 2.25 (95% CI 2.15–2.35). Small geographical areas explained more of the variance in caries experience compared with the more aggregated level dental clinics. SES was more strongly related to the risk of dental caries experience than age and gender. In conclusion, the associations between SES and dental caries experience in Swedish children and adolescents were strong in the study and strongest in young children at a low level.

scholarly journals Dental caries experience among indigenous children and adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica M. Gonçalves ◽  
Laysa C. Cavalcanti ◽  
Ramon T. Firmino ◽  
Gustavo L. Ribeiro ◽  
Ana F. Granville-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Indigenous Children

scholarly journals Caries burden and suitability for atraumatic restorative treatment among schoolchildren in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Irene Adyatmaka ◽  
Jilen Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Carious Lesions

Objectives: Dental caries remains among the most prevalent chronic conditions in childhood and remains highly prevalent among schoolchildren in Indonesia. Globally, atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) has been used to good effect in the management of carious lesions among high-risk cohorts, particularly in challenging environments. However, in settings, where labor, time, facilities, and materials are particularly limited, strategic triaging of teeth suitable for ART restorations may be valuable to better direct public health expenditure. Therefore, this study aims to (i) describe the prevalence of dental caries among Indonesian schoolchildren and (ii) evaluate the proportion of lesions indicated for ART. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional cohort study of elementary schoolchildren from West Java, Indonesia, was examined and categorized according to Hellman’s dental development stages (Groups 1–4 corresponding to the early mixed dentition through to complete permanent dentition). Descriptive statistics and proportional analysis were conducted with the following variables being evaluated: Teeth with early caries (EC), late/advanced caries (LC), recurrent caries (RC), and total caries experience (TC = EC+ART+LC+RC). In evaluating the suitability for ART, additional variables of ART indicated carious lesions (ART) and lower molars with lesions indicated for ART (LM) were assessed. Results: A total of 437 children ranging from 8 to 14 years of age were examined. Out of 8882 teeth examined, 996 had active carious lesions and only 57 had received satisfactory restorative treatment. Children in Hellman’s Group 1 stage of development had the highest prevalence of EC (62%) and ART indicated caries (32%). Meanwhile, older children in Group 4 experienced the highest portion of advanced caries (15%). The proportion of lower molars indicated for ART was 87%, 76%, 70%, and 67% in Groups 1–4, respectively. Conclusion: Indonesian schoolchildren face a high burden of untreated dental caries from a young age. The younger the developmental stage, the higher the prevalence of early and ART-indicated lesions with the majority being found in lower permanent molars. Although ART and preventive strategies show the highest potential in the early mixed dentition, they alone cannot completely meet the dental needs of populations such as this where the severity and disease burden are extremely high.

Sugars Consumption of Northumbrian Children Aged 11–14 Years

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A F. Hackett ◽  
A. J. Rugg-Gunn ◽  
D. R. Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caries Increment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

In order to investigate the relationships between diet and tooth decay the authors recently completed the first longitudinal study of diet and dental caries increment in children. 405 children initially aged 11.5 years each recorded their intake of foods and drinks for a total of 15 days over a period of 2 years. This is a review of some of the findings. The evidence implicating consumption of sugars in the causation of dental caries is both diverse and overwhelming (Rugg-Gunn, 1983). Of the 30 or so observational studies relating diet and dental caries in children, all except one have been cross-sectional in design. Such a design is unsatisfactory in older children at least because there is little reason why a lifetime's caries experience should be related to a single estimate of dietary intake. In addition there have been few reports of the food intake in general, and sugars intake in particular, of children in the UK. A longitudinal survey of intake could indicate how choice of foods changes with age and if repeated could show how preferences change over time. The National Food Survey has provided some information on food acquisition (not consumption) over the past 40 years (Derry and Buss, 1984). Unfortunately, besides not estimating consumption this survey does not include foods bought and consumed away from the home such as confectionery and soft drinks. Furthermore, this survey collects data by household and so information for age and sex specific groups is not available. Comments regarding sugars consumption amongst children must be derived from data collected from properly designed dietary surveys of defined groups of individuals. Such knowledge of what children eat is essential to the planning of effective health education campaigns. In order to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between diet and caries in children and to contribute to health education a longitudinal study was undertaken which had the following aim: to rank some defined dietary factors either singly or in combination in the order in which they explain the dental caries increment of over 400 children.

scholarly journals The prevalence of dental caries among Egyptian children and adolescences and its association with age, socioeconomic status, dietary habits and other risk factors. A cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa M.S. Abbass ◽  
Sara Ahmed Mahmoud ◽  
Sara El Moshy ◽  
Dina Rady ◽  
Nermeen AbuBakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Egyptian Children ◽  
Decayed Tooth

Background: Dental caries is a chronic, multifactorial disease, with limited data available for the Egyptian population. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of dental caries among Egyptian children and adolescents in correlation with age, gender, body mass index, socioeconomic status, parental education, biological risk factors and dietary habits. Methods: A total number of 369 Egyptian children and adolescents (age ranges from 3-18 years) were examined over the period from 15th November 2017 to 13th January 2018. Socio-demographic data, oral hygiene measures and dietary habits for children were recorded. Dental status was analyzed using decayed, missing and filled tooth index (dmft) for deciduous dentition and (DMFT) index for permanent dentition. For mixed dentition (deft) index was used, d (decayed tooth indicated for filling), e (decayed tooth indicated for extraction) and f (filled tooth). Results: 74% of the children had dental caries with mean dmft: 3.23±4.07; deft: 4.21±3.21; DMFT: 1.04±1.56. In primary dentition, dmft of the children was positively correlated with age, beans, candies, crackers, chocolates and inversely correlated with gender, socio-economic status (SES), parental education, brushing frequency of the parent, brushing frequency of the parent to the child teeth, brushing frequency of the child and consumption of eggs, fruits/vegetables, milk and milk products. In mixed dentition, deft was positively correlated with candies, crackers, citric juices, while negatively correlated with age, SES, parental education, brushing frequency of the parent to the child, brushing frequency of the child, fruits/vegetables. In permanent dentition, DMFT in children was positively correlated with age and chocolates while not correlated with any of the remaining risk factors. Conclusion: The present study clarifies the significant risk factors associated with dental caries amongst Egyptian children. This will help in planning strategies to prevent and treat such disease.

Is dental caries experience increased in HIV-infected children and adolescents? A meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Aroeira Guimarães Rosa Oliveira ◽  
Patricia Nivoloni Tannure ◽  
Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia ◽  
Maristela Barbosa Portela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Caries Experience

scholarly journals Water Fluoridation and Dental Caries in U.S. Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 1122-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Slade ◽  
W.B. Grider ◽  
W.R. Maas ◽  
A.E. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
The U.S

Fluoridation of America’s drinking water was among the great public health achievements of the 20th century. Yet there is a paucity of studies from the past 3 decades investigating its dental health benefits in the U.S. population. This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate associations between availability of community water fluoridation (CWF) and dental caries experience in the U.S. child and adolescent population. County-level estimates of the percentage of population served by CWF (% CWF) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Water Fluoridation Reporting System were merged with dental examination data from 10 y of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1999 to 2004 and 2011 to 2014). Dental caries experience in the primary dentition (decayed and filled tooth surfaces [dfs]) was calculated for 7,000 children aged 2 to 8 y and in the permanent dentition (decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces [DMFS]) for 12,604 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 y. Linear regression models estimated associations between % CWF and dental caries experience with adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics: age, sex, race/ethnicity, rural-urban location, head-of-household education, and period since last dental visit. Sensitivity analysis excluded counties fluoridated after 1998. In unadjusted analysis, caries experience in the primary dentition was lower in counties with ≥75% CWF (mean dfs = 3.3; 95% confidence limit [CL] = 2.8, 3.7) than in counties with <75% CWF (mean dfs = 4.6; 95% CL = 3.9, 5.4), a prevented fraction of 30% (95% CL = 11, 48). The difference was also statistically significant, although less pronounced, in the permanent dentition: mean DMFS (95% CL) was 2.2 (2.0, 2.4) and 1.9 (1.8, 2.1), respectively, representing a prevented fraction of 12% (95% CL = 1, 23). Statistically significant associations likewise were seen when % CWF was modeled as a continuum, and differences tended to increase in covariate-adjusted analysis and in sensitivity analysis. These findings confirm a substantial caries-preventive benefit of CWF for U.S. children and that the benefit is most pronounced in primary teeth.

scholarly journals Effect of fluoridated water on dental caries and fluorosis in schoolchildren who use fluoridated dentifrice

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Mikaelle Claro Costa Silva ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marina de Deus Moura de Lima ◽  
Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus Moura ◽  
Cinthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence and severity of dental caries and fluorosis in children and adolescents using fluoridated toothpaste, from areas with and without fluoridated water. Parents of 5-year-old children and 12-year-old adolescents from neighbourhoods that are supplied with and without fluoridated water answered questionnaires for determining socio-economic and demographic characteristics and habits related to oral health. The individuals were examined, and dental caries and fluorosis were measured by dmft/DMFT and TF indexes, respectively. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed (p < 0.05). Of 692 participants, 47.7% were 5-year-olds and 52.3% were 12-year-olds. The mean dmft/DMFT in the 5-year-olds/ 12-year-olds from Exposed and Not Exposed fluoridated water groups was 1.53 (± 2.47) and 3.54 (± 4.10) / 1.53 (± 1.81) and 3.54 (± 3.82), respectively. Children (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.71-4.75) and adolescents (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.24-3.05), who did not consume fluoridated water, had greater caries experience. Among adolescents, there was an association between fluoridated water and the prevalence of very mild/mild fluorosis (OR = 5.45, 95% CI: 3.23-9.19) and moderate fluorosis (OR = 11.11, 95% CI = 4.43-27.87). Children and adolescents, who consumed fluoridated water, presented lower prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to those who used only fluoridated toothpaste as the source of fluoride. There is an association between water fluoridation and very mild/mild and moderate fluorosis in adolescents.

Determinants of Dental Caries Experience Among Adolescents in Kazakhstan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-397
Author(s):  
A. Zhumadilova ◽  
T. Supiyev ◽  
Sh. Abralina ◽  
A. Yeslyamgaliyeva ◽  
A. Kulmirzayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Attendance ◽  
Nutritional Transition ◽  
Untreated Caries

The aim of the present study was to estimate the mean, prevalence, and severity of dental caries, and to identify the factors associated with these characteristics in a population of school-aged children from four regions in Kazakhstan. A total of 2,149 school children aged 11-15 years from four regions of Kazakhstan were examined; the overall response rate was 68%. Results from dental examinations and standardized questionnaires were used to gather sociodemographic and oral health behavior information. The overall prevalence of dental caries was 74%, and obviously decayed teeth were found in 44% of the participants; only 6% had missing teeth and 24% had their teeth treated. Age, region, ethnicity, dietary habits, and dental attendance pattern were found to be significantly associated with the predicted degree of caries experience among those with caries experience. The high prevalence of dental caries might be related to rapid westernization in Kazakhstan and associated nutritional transition. Moreover, an increased burden of untreated caries in less advantaged populations was observed. Parental education and material deprivation may be very important determinants of oral health among adolescents in Kazakhstan.

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