The Impact of Childhood Maltreatment on Age of Onset of Alcohol Use Disorder in Women

Abstract BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common psychiatric comorbidity in schizophrenia, associated with poor clinical outcomes and medication noncompliance. Most previous studies on the effect of alcohol use in patients with schizophrenia had limitations of small sample size and a cross-sectional design. Therefore, this study aimed to use a nationwide population database to investigate the impact of AUD on clinical outcomes of schizophrenia.MethodsData from the Health Insurance Review Agency database in South Korea from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2016 was used. Among 64,442 patients with incident schizophrenia, 1,598 with comorbid AUD were selected based on the diagnostic code F10. We performed between- and within-group analyses to compare the rates of psychiatric admissions and emergency room (ER) visits and medication possession ratio (MPR) with control patients having schizophrenia matched for the onset age, sex, and observation period.ResultsThe rates of psychiatric admissions and ER visits decreased after the diagnosis of AUD in both groups; however, the decrease was significantly greater in patients with comorbid AUD compared to the control group. While the case group showed an increase in MPR after the diagnosis of AUD, MPR decreased in the control patients. The rates of psychiatric admissions, ER visits and MPR were worse in the schizophrenia group with comorbid AUD both before and after the diagnosis of AUD.ConclusionsClinical outcomes were worse in the comorbid AUD group than in the control group before and after the diagnosis of AUD. Considering that patients with schizophrenia with comorbid AUD had poorer clinical outcomes even before the diagnosis of AUD, schizophrenia with comorbid AUD could be a distinct subtype of schizophrenia.

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Alcohol Use Disorder and Comorbid Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effectiveness of Supportive Text Messages in Aiding Recovery

Alcohol and Alcoholism ◽

10.1093/alcalc/agz060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 551-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Helen O’Reilly ◽

Aisling Hagerty ◽

Seamus O’Donnell ◽

Aoife Farrell ◽

Dan Hartnett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Text Messages ◽

Comorbid Depression ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Lower Alcohol ◽

The Impact

This randomized controlled trial examined the impact of daily supportive text messages over a six-month treatment period on mood and alcohol consumption in individuals with a dual diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression. Results highlighted mood benefits at 3-month and lower alcohol consumption at 6-month treatment points.

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Precollege and New-Onset College Interpersonal Trauma as Predictors of Baseline and Changes in Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms During College

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260519883864 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 088626051988386

Author(s):

Kaitlin E. Bountress ◽

Daniel Bustamante ◽

Christina Sheerin ◽

Danielle M. Dick ◽

Ananda B. Amstadter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Alcohol Misuse ◽

Change Score ◽

Interpersonal Trauma ◽

First Year ◽

Time Period ◽

The Impact ◽

New Onset

College is a high-risk time for interpersonal trauma (IPT) exposure (e.g., physical or sexual abuse/assault), a potent form of trauma exposure. College is also a high-risk time for alcohol misuse, as use begins and increases in adolescence and peaks in the early/mid-20s. In addition, although IPT is associated with alcohol misuse, less clear is whether distal (prior to college) or proximal (during college) IPT impacts alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms at the beginning of college and/or changes in symptoms during college. Data were collected from a large, longitudinal study of college students, attending a large public university in the southeast, who had reported lifetime IPT as well as lifetime alcohol use. Participants in the current study were 18.5 years old ( SD = 0.46), primarily female (67.2%), and of diverse racial backgrounds (e.g., 53.4% White, 18.5% Black, 12.7% Asian, 15.4% Other). Latent change score analyses were employed to test the impact of IPT prior to college and IPT during college on initial levels of, and changes in, AUD symptoms during college. Those who experienced an IPT prior to college reported more AUD symptoms at the beginning of college and less changes in AUD symptoms during the first year of college. Those who experienced an IPT in the first 2 and last 2 years of college reported greater increases in symptoms in the first 2 and last 2 years of college, respectively. Findings suggest that prevention and intervention efforts for those who experience an IPT prior to or during college may be useful in reducing AUD symptoms during that time period.

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Family history of alcohol use disorder is associated with brain structural and functional changes in healthy first-degree relatives

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.08.003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Irina Filippi ◽

Nicolas Hoertel ◽

Eric Artiges ◽

Guillaume Airagnes ◽

Christophe Guérin-Langlois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Childhood Maltreatment ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Whole Brain ◽

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽

Functional Changes ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Neuroimaging studies of vulnerability to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) have identified structural and functional variations which might reflect inheritable features in alcohol-naïve relatives of AUD individuals (FH+) compared to controls having no such family history (FH-). However, prior research did not simultaneously account for childhood maltreatment, any clinically significant disorder and maternal AUD. Therefore, we mainly aimed to investigate the brain structure and reward-related neural activations (fMRI), using whole-brain analysis in FH+ young adults with no prevalent confounders. Methods: 46 FH+ and 45 FH- male and female participants had no severe childhood maltreatment exposure, neither any psychiatric disorder or AUD, nor a prenatal exposure to maternal AUD. We used a 3 T MRI coupled with a whole brain voxel-based method to compare between groups the grey matter volumes and activations in response to big versus small wins during a Monetary Incentive Delay task. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score was used as confounding variable in the analyses to account for the remaining variance between groups. Results: Compared to FH- controls, FH+ participants had smaller grey matter volumes in the frontal and cingulate regions as well as in the bilateral nucleus accumbens and right insula. The FH+ participants’ fMRI datasets denoted a blunted activation in the middle cingulum with respect to FH- controls’ during the processing of reward magnitude, and a greater activation in the anterior cingulum in response to anticipation of a small win. Conclusions: Family history of alcohol use disorder is linked to structural and functional variations including brain regions involved in reward processes.

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Hippocampal Subfield Volumes in Abstinent Men and Women with a History of Alcohol Use Disorder

10.1101/715292 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kayle S. Sawyer ◽

Noor Adra ◽

Daniel M. Salz ◽

Maaria I. Kemppainen ◽

Susan M. Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Molecular Layer ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Brain Images ◽

Men And Women ◽

Immediate Memory ◽

Drinking History ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with abnormalities in hippocampal volumes, but these relationships have not been fully explored with respect to sub-regional volumes, nor in association with individual characteristics such as gender differences, age, and memory. The present study examined the impact of those variables in relation to hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of AUD. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla, we obtained brain images from 67 participants (31 women) with AUD and 63 healthy control (NC) participants (30 women) without AUD. We used Freesurfer 6.0 to segment the hippocampus into 12 regions. These were imputed into mixed models to examine the relationships of brain volume with AUD group, gender, age, drinking history, and memory. The AUD group had approximately 5% smaller CA1, hippocampal tail, and molecular layer regions than the NC group. Age was negatively associated with volumes for the AUD group in the hippocampal tail, subiculum, and presubiculum. The relationships for delayed and immediate memory with hippocampal tail volume differed for AUD and NC groups: Higher scores were associated with smaller volumes in the AUD group, but larger volumes in the NC group. Length of sobriety was associated with decreasing CA1 volume in women (0.02% per year) and increasing volume size in men (0.03% per year). These findings confirm and extend evidence that AUD, gender, age, and abstinence differentially impact volumes of component parts of the hippocampus. The course of abstinence on CA1 volume differed for men and women, and the differential relationships of subregional volumes to age and memory could indicate a distinction in the impact of AUD on functions of the hippocampal tail.

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Effects of comorbid alcohol use disorder on the clinical outcomes of first-episode schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study

Annals of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12991-021-00353-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Soojin Ahn ◽

Youngjae Choi ◽

Woohyeok Choi ◽

Young Tak Jo ◽

Harin Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Small Sample ◽

First Episode ◽

Control Group ◽

Diagnostic Code ◽

Psychiatric Admissions ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common psychiatric comorbidity in schizophrenia, associated with poor clinical outcomes and medication noncompliance. Most previous studies on the effect of alcohol use in patients with schizophrenia had limitations of small sample size or a cross-sectional design. Therefore, we used a nationwide population database to investigate the impact of AUD on clinical outcomes of schizophrenia. Methods Data from the Health Insurance Review Agency database in South Korea from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2016 were used. Among 64,442 patients with first-episode schizophrenia, 1598 patients with comorbid AUD were selected based on the diagnostic code F10. We performed between- and within-group analyses to compare the rates of psychiatric admissions and emergency room (ER) visits, and medication possession ratio (MPR) between the patients with comorbid AUD and control patients matched for the onset age, sex, and observation period. Results The rates of psychiatric admissions and ER visits in both groups decreased after the time point of diagnosis of AUD; however, the decrease was significantly greater in the patients with comorbid AUD compared to the control patients. While the comorbid AUD group showed an increase in MPR after the diagnosis of AUD, MPR decreased in the control group. The rates of psychiatric admissions, ER visits, and MPR were worse in the comorbid AUD group both before and after the diagnosis of AUD. Conclusions The results emphasize an importance of psychiatric comorbidities, especially AUD, in first-episode schizophrenia and the necessity of further research for confirmative findings of the association of AUD with clinical outcomes of schizophrenia.

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The rearing environment and the risk for alcohol use disorder: a Swedish national high-risk home-reared v. adopted co-sibling control study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291720000963 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Kendler ◽

Henrik Ohlsson ◽

Jan Sundquist ◽

Kristina Sundquist

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Adoptive Parent ◽

Adoptive Families ◽

High Quality ◽

Rearing Environment ◽

Sibling Pairs ◽

The Impact ◽

Half Sibling

Abstract Background Although alcohol use disorder (AUD) runs strongly within families, studies examining the impact of rearing environment, unconfounded by genetic effects, are rare and, to date, contradictory. We here seek to conduct such a study using an adoptive co-sib control design. Methods Defining high-risk as having ⩾1 biological parent with an externalizing syndrome (AUD, drug abuse or crime), we identified 1316 high-risk full-sibships and 4623 high-risk half-sibships containing at least one member who was home-reared and one who was adopted-away. Adoptive families are carefully screened in Sweden to provide high-quality rearing environment for adoptees. AUD was assessed from national medical, criminal and pharmacy registries. Results Controlling for sex, parental age at birth, and, for half-siblings, affection status of the non-shared parent, hazard ratios (±95% CI) for AUD in the matched adopted v. home-reared full- and half-siblings were, respectively, 0.76 (0.65–0.89) and 0.77 (0.70–0.84). The protective effect of adoption on AUD risk was stronger in the full- and half-sibling pairs with very high familial liability (two high-risk parents) and significantly weaker when the adoptive family was broken by death or divorce or contained a high-risk adoptive parent. Conclusions In both full- and half-sibling pairs, we found evidence that the rearing environment substantially impacts on the risk for AUD. High-quality rearing environments can meaningfully reduce the risk for AUD, especially in those at high familial risk.

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The Impact of Comorbid Conditions on Long-Term Patient-Reported Outcomes From Burn Survivors

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/iraa090 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 956-962

Author(s):

Clifford C Sheckter ◽

Kevin Li ◽

Gretchen J Carrougher ◽

Tam N Pham ◽

Nicole S Gibran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Mental Component Summary ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Patient Reported ◽

The Impact

Abstract Preburn comorbidities increase the risk of death in the acute phase, and negatively impact quality of life among survivors. Investigations to date have only evaluated comorbidities as indices, limiting the ability to target conditions and develop strategies for risk reduction. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the differential effects of specific conditions on long-term, patient-reported outcomes after burn injury. A prospectively maintained trauma registry was merged with a longitudinal database of patient-reported outcomes from a regional burn center from 2007 to 2018. Demographic data, injury-specific information, and the prevalence of 20 comorbidities were systematically documented. The impact of comorbidities on responses to Short Form-12/Veterans RAND 12 (SF/VR-12) health surveys at 6, 12, and 24 months postinjury was evaluated with generalized linear models. The merged dataset included 493 adult participants. Median age was 46 years (interquartile range, IQR 32–57 years), and 72% were male. Median burn size was 14% TBSA (IQR 5–28%). Seventy percent of participants had ≥1 comorbidity (median 1 comorbidity/participant; IQR 0–2 comorbidities). SF/VR-12 mental component summary scores at 6 and 12 months postinjury were negatively associated with mental illness (P < .001, P = .013). SF/VR-12 physical component summary (PCS) scores were negatively associated with smoking (P = .019), diabetes (P = .001), and alcohol use disorder (P = .001) at 6-month follow-up. Twelve-month SF/VR-12 PCS scores were negatively associated with prior trauma admission (P = .001) and diabetes (P = .042). Twenty-four-month SF/VR-12 PCS scores were negatively associated with mental illness (P = .003). Smoking, alcohol use disorder, and diabetes were associated with lower PCS scores 6 months after injury; diabetes persisted as a negatively associated covariate at 12 months. Mental component summary scores were negatively associated with mental illness 6 and 12 months postinjury. Integrated models of postdischarge comorbidity management need to be tested in burn patients.

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Alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review

Australasian Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/1039856220943024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 524-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodrigo Ramalho

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽

Potential Increase ◽

The Impact ◽

Alcohol Related Problems

Objective: To summarise publications reporting on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a narrative review. Methods: ProQuest, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched for articles published in 2020. This search used two terms: ‘alcohol’ and ‘COVID’. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional articles. Results: There is growing concern around an increase in alcohol intake and alcohol-related harms. These concerns are related to the impact of excessive alcohol consumption in a person with COVID-19 and/or with alcohol use disorder, as well as with a potential increase in the prevalence of harmful drinking, alcohol use disorder, withdrawal symptoms, intimate partner violence, harm to children, suicide, mental health problems and non-communicable diseases. The need for assessing alcohol use and providing adequate advice during the pandemic have been highlighted. Conclusion: The time for action is now, and all necessary measures to prevent an increase in alcohol-related problems should be adopted. At the same time, healthcare services should also prepare for such potential increase, while adapting to the exceptional circumstances presented by the pandemic, such as physical distancing.

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