SMBA1, a Bax Activator, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Malignant Glioma Cells

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
Shuangbo Fan ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Yulin Wan ◽  
Sheng Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cyclin B1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Dose Dependent

SMBA1 (small-molecule Bax agonists 1), a small molecular activator of Bax, is a potential anti-tumour agent. In the present study, we investigated the biological effects of SMBA1 on glioblastoma (GBM) cells. SMBA1 reduced the viabilities of U87MG, U251 and T98G cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with SMBA1 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase transition, accompanied by the downregulation of Cdc25c and cyclin B1 and the upregulation of p21. SMBA1 also induced apoptosis of GBM cells in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SMBA1 induced apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway. Silencing of Bax or ectopic expression of Bcl-2 significantly inhibited SMBA1-induced apoptosis. Moreover, SMBA1 inhibited the growth of U87MG xenograft tumours in vivo. Overall, SMBA1 shows anti-proliferative effects against GBM cells through activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.

scholarly journals Synthesis, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of a ruthenium multi-substituted Keggin-type polyoxotungstate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shifang Jia ◽  
Yanzhen Wen ◽  
Xiuli Hao ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Keggin Anions ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract The ruthenium multi-substituted polyoxotungstate with chemical formulae of K7[SiW9O37Ru4(H2O)3Cl3]·15H2O (S1) was synthesized by a conventional aqueous solution containing the trilacunary Keggin-anions β-Na9HSiW9O34·12H2O(S2) and RuCl3·nH2O(S3). Compound S1 was characterized by elemental analyses, EDS, TG analyses, IR, UV/Vis and XPS. The cytotoxic potential of compound S1 was tested on C33A, DLD-1, HepG-2 cancer cells and human normal embryonic lung fibroblasts cell MRC-5. The viability of the treated cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The mode of cell death was assessed by morphological study of DNA damage and apoptosis assays. Compound S1 induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner, and the mode of cell death was essentially apoptosis though necrosis was also noticed. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry indicated that compound S1 caused cell cycle arrest and accumulated cells in S phase.

Optimized anti–tumor effects of anthracyclines plus Vinca alkaloids using a novel, mechanism-based application schedule

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (23) ◽  
pp. 6123-6131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Ehrhardt ◽  
David Schrembs ◽  
Christian Moritz ◽  
Franziska Wachter ◽  
Subrata Haldar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Childhood Leukemia ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Vinca Alkaloids ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Abstract Application of anthracyclines and Vinca alkaloids on the same day represents a hallmark of polychemotherapy protocols for hematopoietic malignancies. Here we show, for the first time, that both drugs might act most efficiently if they are applied on different days. Proof-of-concept studies in 18 cell lines revealed that anthracyclines inhibited cell death by Vinca alkaloids in 83% of cell lines. Importantly, in a preclinical mouse model, doxorubicin reduced the anti–tumor effect of vincristine. Both drugs acted in a sequence-dependent manner and the strongest anti–tumor effect was obtained if both drugs were applied on different days. Most notably for clinical relevance, in 34% of 35 fresh primary childhood leukemia cells tested in vitro, doxorubicin reduced the anti–tumor effect of vincristine. As underlying mechanism, doxorubicin activated p53, p53 induced cell-cycle arrest, and cell-cycle arrest disabled inactivation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members by vincristine; therefore, vincristine was unable to activate downstream apoptosis signaling. As molecular proof, antagonism was rescued by knockdown of p53, whereas knockdown of cyclin A inhibited vincristine-induced apoptosis. Our data suggest evaluating anthracyclines and Vinca alkaloids on different days in future trials. Selecting drug combinations based on mechanistic understanding represents a novel conceptional strategy for potent polychemotherapy protocols.

scholarly journals Sulforaphane Causes Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma U87MG and U373MG Cell Lines under Hypoxic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11201
Author(s):  
Giulia Sita ◽  
Agnese Graziosi ◽  
Patrizia Hrelia ◽  
Fabiana Morroni
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Dose Dependent

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumor. The median survival rate from diagnosis ranges from 15 to 17 months because the tumor is resistant to most therapeutic strategies. GBM exhibits microvascular hyperplasia and pronounced necrosis triggered by hypoxia. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables, has already demonstrated the ability to inhibit cell proliferation, by provoking cell cycle arrest, and leading to apoptosis in many cell lines. In this study, we investigated the antineoplastic effects of SFN [20–80 μM for 48 h] in GBM cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cell viability assays, flow cytometry, and Western blot results revealed that SFN could induce apoptosis of GBM cells in a dose-dependent manner, under both conditions. In particular, SFN significantly induced caspase 3/7 activation and DNA fragmentation. Moreover, our results demonstrated that SFN suppressed GBM cells proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at the S-phase, also under hypoxic condition, and that these effects may be due in part to its ability to induce oxidative stress by reducing glutathione levels and to increase the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). Overall, we hypothesized that SFN treatment might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy, alone or in combination, against GBM.

scholarly journals Dose Dependent Biological Effects of Idarubicin in HL-60 Cells: Alterations of the Cell-Cycle and Apoptosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Mareková ◽  
Jiřina Vávrová ◽  
Doris Vokurková
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cell Cycle Phase ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Massive Apoptosis ◽  
Human Leukaemia

TP-53 deficient cells of human leukaemia HL-60 die by massive apoptosis after treatment by high (50-100 nmol/l) doses of DNA damaging agent Idarubicin, regardless of the cell-cycle phase, in which they are affected. In contrary, after relatively low dose 10 nmol/l the cells die after cell-cycle arrest in G2phase. The results show, that apoptosis induced by idarubicin could appear independently of the cell-cycle phase and that period in which apoptosis is observed is related to the dose of Idarubicin.

WP-1066, a Next-Generation Member of JAK-Stat Inhibitors, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest, Abrogates Proliferation, and Induces Apoptosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cells.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169-1169
Author(s):  
Alessandra Ferrajoli ◽  
Stefan Faderl ◽  
Quin Van ◽  
David M. Harris ◽  
Waldemar Priebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Parp Cleavage ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Stat Proteins ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Stat Pathway

Abstract Janus kinases (JAK) are tyrosine kinases associated with both cytokine receptors and downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) proteins. Upon activation of JAK by a variety of cytokines and growth factors, Stats translocate to the nucleus and promote transcription of target genes. Constitutive activation of Stat proteins in AML has been associated with poor prognosis and AG490, an inhibitor of this pathway, was shown to suppress AML cell proliferation in vitro. WP-1066 represents a further development of AG490 with biological activity at significantly lower concentrations. Therefore, we studied the effects of WP-1066 on the AML cell lines OCIM2 and K562 and on fresh bone marrow aspirates obtained from five newly diagnosed AML patients. We found that WP-1066 inhibited the proliferation of OCIM2 and K562 cells and of fresh marrow AML blast colony-forming cells in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3 μM. WP-1066 completely abrogated the growth of leukemia cells at a concentration of 3 μM. Furthermore, WP-1066 induced a cell cycle arrest of OCIM2 and K562 cells. Incubation of AML cells with 2 μM of WP-1066 resulted in a time-dependent accumulation of OCIM2 and K562 cells in the sub-G0 phase of the cell cycle. Those leukemia cells underwent apoptotic cell death as assessed by annexin V-FITC. Incubation of OCIM2 cells with 0.5 to 3 μM WP-1066 for 2 hours induced a dose-dependent apoptosis in 52% of the cells. A 4 hour exposure of either OCIM2 or K562 cells to 2 μM of WP-1066 induced caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. As expected, WP-1066 inhibited Stat3 and Stat5 phosphorylation in K562 and OCIM2 cells both in a time- and dose-dependent manner, confirming that inhibition of the JAK-Stat pathway is its mechanism of action. Overall, our data showing that WP-1066 inhibits the JAK-Stat pathway, suppresses proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of AML cells, suggest that the activity of this compound warrants further exploitation aimed at developing WP-1066 for future therapy of AML.

scholarly journals Endophytic Streptomyces sp. LRE541 isolated from Lilium davidii var. Unicolor Cotton as a Cell Factory for Antimicrobials and Anticarcinogens with Inducing Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiai Ma ◽  
Xinge Qi ◽  
Kan Jiang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Junlin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Cell Factory ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Etoac Extract ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Lilium Davidii

Abstract Background: Endophytic actinomycetes, as emerging sources of bioactive metabolites, play a vital role in pharmaceutical development. Recent reports demonstrated that endophytic Streptomyces isolates could yield compounds with potent anticancer and antimicrobial properties that may be developed into chemotherapeutic drugs. Our study displayed that Streptomyces sp. LRE541 obtained from the root tissues of Lilium davidii var. unicolor Cotton, could be a potential source of anticarcinogens and antimicrobials.Results: Isolate LRE541 was characterized and identified as belonging to the genus Streptomyces based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, with highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces tauricus JCM4837T (98.81%). It produced extensively branched red substrate and vivid pink aerial hyphae that changed into amaranth, with elliptic spores sessile to the aerial mycelia. The secondary metabolites (EtOAc extract) produced by isolate LRE541 exhibited significant anticancer activities with IC50 values of 0.021, 0.2904, 1.484, 4.861, 6.986, 8.106, 10.87, 12.98, and 16.94 μg/mL against cancer cells RKO, 7901, HepG2, CAL-27, MCF-7, K562, Hela, SW1190 and A549, respectively, evaluated by the MTT assay. In contrast, the EtOAc extract showed less cytotoxicity activity against the normal human pulmonary artery endothelial cell (HPAEC) with an IC50 value of > 20 μg/mL than that of the cancer cells. To further explore the mechanism underlying the decrease in viability of cancer cells following the EtOAc extract treatment, cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest assays were performed using two cancer cell lines, RKO and 7901. The result demonstrated that the EtOAc extract inhibited cell proliferation of RKO and 7901 cells by causing cell cycle arrest both at the S phase and inducing apoptosis in a dose‑dependent manner. Moreover, the EtOAc extract of isolate LRE541 with the concentrations within 100 μg/mL also possessed the antagonistic activities against E. coli ATCC 25922, MRSA ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans ATCC 66415, and the antagonistic potent against the tested pathogens all displayed a dose-dependent manner. The UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of the EtOAc extract revealed that the presence of antitumor, potential antitumor and antimicrobial compounds could account for the potent antineoplasmic and antagonistic properties of the extract. Conclusion: This study provides the potential therapeutic applications of the bioactive metabolites from Streptomyces sp. LRE541 as novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents.

scholarly journals HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle arrest and enhances viral gene expression by depleting CCDC137

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengwen Zhang ◽  
Paul D Bieniasz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Viral Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Gene ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Hiv 1

The HIV-1 Vpr accessory protein induces ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation of many cellular proteins by recruiting them to a cullin4A-DDB1-DCAF1 complex. In so doing, Vpr enhances HIV-1 gene expression and induces (G2/M) cell cycle arrest. However, the identities of Vpr target proteins through which these biological effects are exerted are unknown. We show that a chromosome periphery protein, CCDC137/cPERP-B, is targeted for depletion by HIV-1 Vpr, in a cullin4A-DDB1-DCAF1 dependent manner. CCDC137 depletion caused G2/M cellcycle arrest, while Vpr-resistant CCDC137 mutants conferred resistance to Vpr-induced G2/M arrest. CCDC137 depletion also recapitulated the ability of Vpr to enhance HIV-1 gene expression, particularly in macrophages. Our findings indicate that Vpr promotes cell-cycle arrest and HIV-1 gene expression through depletion of CCDC137.

scholarly journals Corosolic acid induces potent anti-cancer effects in CaSki cervical cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qian Xu ◽  
Jian Hai Zhang ◽  
Xing Sheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Corosolic Acid ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

<p class="Abstract">The main objective of the present study was to investigate the anti-tumor activity of corosolic acid in CaSki human cervical cancer cells. Fluorescence and phase contrast microscopic techniques were used to study the effect of the compound on cellular morphology and apoptosis. Results revealed that corosolic acid exerted potent, dose- and time-dependent growth inhibitory effects in CaSki cell proliferation. Cells got detached from one another making clusters of small number of cells floating in the medium. After the cells were treated with 10, 50 and 100 µM concentrations of corosolic acid, cells began to emit orange red fluorescence more heavily at the centre of cells indicating apoptosis. Corosolic acid also induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Increasing doses of corosolic acid treatment to these cells resulted in significant and dose-dependent down-regulation of PI3K and Akt protein expressions.</p><p><strong>Video Clip</strong></p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/N4EivZECRZE">Western blot assay</a>: 2 min 1 sec  </p>

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