Effectiveness of Emollients in the Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis in Infants: A Meta-Analysis

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Di Xu ◽  
Rainer Stengel ◽  
Pengfei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Early Use ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chronic Skin

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease characterized by dry skin, severe itching, inflammation and impaired quality of life. Moisturizing is an integral part of treatment for AD, but its potential for prevention of AD is unclear. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To evaluate whether the early use of emollients in infancy can prevent later development of AD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library and other databases to collect randomized controlled trials on early use of emollients in infants for a meta-analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nine articles were included. The OR value for incidence rate was 0.7 (95% CI: 0.48–1.01). No significant publication bias was found by Egger’s test. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the final conclusion was reliable. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We found that the difference in incidence rate of AD between the experimental and control groups was not statistically significant. However, due to different methods of using emollients, different follow-up times and different sample sizes included in this meta-analysis, a definitive conclusion could not be reached in this study. In the future, it is still necessary to carry out randomized controlled, multicenter, large-sample trials with an excellent study design and high methodological quality on early application of emollients in high-risk infants to prevent AD.

scholarly journals Whether stoma support rods have application value in loop enterostomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Du ◽  
Jiajie Zhou ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Dongliang Li ◽  
Guifan Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effect Of Support ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze the application value of the stoma support rods in loop enterostomy. Methods The studies on the application of stoma rods in loop enterostomy published from January 2000 to January 2020 were searched in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Clinical trials. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that observed the value of stoma rods were included according to inclusion criteria. The RevMan5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 1131 patients with loop enterostomy in six studies were included in this study; there were 569 cases in the experimental group and 562 cases in the control group. All six studies analyzed the effect of support rods on the incidence of stoma retraction; the meta-analysis showed that in a total of 32 patients, stoma retraction occurred, with a total incidence of about 2.8% in 1131 patients. The incidence of stoma retraction in the rod group was not significantly lower than that in the non-rod group, and the difference was not statistically significant (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.32~1.32, I2 = 0%, P = 0.23), and the studies were homogeneous. The incidences of stoma necrosis (OR = 6.41, 95% CI 2.22~18.55, I2 = 0%, P = 0.0006), peristomal dermatitis (OR = 2.93, 95% CI 2.01~4.27, I2 = 0%, P < 0.00001), and mucocutaneous separation (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.03~4.47, I2 = 0%, P = 0.04) were significantly increased in the rod group. Conclusions It is not recommended to routinely use stoma support rods in the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Effect of pretreatment with midazolam on etomidate-induced myoclonus: A meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengmao Zhou ◽  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Lin Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Review Manager

Objective To investigate the effect of pretreatment with midazolam on myoclonus induced by etomidate injection. Methods A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software, version 5.2. Two researchers independently searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase® databases for randomized controlled trials involving patients who underwent etomidate induced general anaesthesia with or without midazolam pretreatment, published between 1990 and 2016. Outcome measures comprised overall myoclonus incidence rate and incidence rate classified by degree of myoclonus following etomidate injection. Data were assessed using a fixed effects model. Results Five studies, comprising 302 patients, were included for analysis. Overall incidence rate of etomidate injection-induced myoclonus was significantly lower in the pooled midazolam group versus controls (relative risk [RR] 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26, 0.44); Results subgrouped by degree of myoclonus showed significantly lower incidence in midazolam groups versus control groups for mild myoclonus (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39, 0.80); moderate myoclonus (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.10, 0.41); and severe myoclonus (RR 0.12, 95% CI 0.04, 0.39). Conclusion Midazolam can effectively prevent etomidate-induced myoclonus, and alleviate the degree of etomidate-induced myoclonus.

scholarly journals BRCA1 Versus BRCA2 and PARP Inhibitors Efficacy in Solid Tumors:A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Li Tao ◽  
Haiyun Dai ◽  
Xue Gong ◽  
Yuguo Zhuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Brca1 Mutation ◽  
Brca2 Mutation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mutation Carriers ◽  
The Difference

BackgroundBRCA2 mutation has a more substantial impact on the homologous recombination and superior therapeutic response to platinum-based chemotherapy than BRCA1 mutation. Whether BRCA2-mutated patients could benefit more from PARPi than BRCA1-mutated patients remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy difference of PARPi between BRCA1 mutation carriers and BRCA2 mutation carriers.MethodsPubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PARPi that had available hazard ratios (HRs) of progression-free survival (PFS) in both BRCA1-mutated population and BRCA2-mutated population. We calculated the pooled PFS HRs and 95%CI using randomized-effect models, and the difference between the two estimates was compared by interaction test.ResultsA total of 11 eligible RCTs of high quality were identified through search. Overall, 1544 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 1191 BRCA2 mutation carriers were included in the final analysis. The pooled PFS HR was 0.42 (95% CI: 0.35-0.50) in BRCA1-mutated patients who were treated with PARPi compared with patients in the control group. In BRCA2-mutated patients treated with PARPi, the pooled PFS HR compared with the control groups was 0.35 (95% CI: 0.24-0.51). The difference in efficacy of PARPi was not significant between the two subgroups (Pheterogeneity = 0.40, for interaction).ConclusionBRCA1-mutated patients and BRCA2-mutated patients could benefit from PARPi, and the efficacy is comparable. Currently, there is no evidence that BRCA2-mutated patients would benefit more from PARPi than BRCA1-mutated patients.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42020214582.

Comparing active immunotherapy efficacy of PD-L1 ≥ 50% NSCLC patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21139-e21139
Author(s):  
Yi Hu ◽  
Xiaochen Zhao ◽  
Yuezong Bai ◽  
Longgang Cui ◽  
Fan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nsclc Patients

e21139 Background: Several therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved as the 1L standard of care for PD-L1≥ 50% advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about the difference in efficacy between different strategies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to help clinicians choose more reasonable treatment options. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase and major conference proceedings from January 2010 to December 2020 for randomized controlled trials that had available subgroup hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival according to PD-L1≥ 50%. Only drugs met primary outcome or approved by FDA were included for analysis. The primary outcome was the difference in overall survival (OS). HRs and 95% CI were calculated for the pooled OS using a random-effects model. p<0.05 was considered as statistical difference. Results: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials were included for this meta-analysis. The pooled HR and 95% CI for monotherapy, ICI plus chemotherapy and ICI plus ICI were 0.64 (0.55, 0.74), 0.64 (0.51, 0.79) and 0.70 (0.55, 0.90), respectively. There was no statistical differences between ICI monotherapy and ICI plus chemotherapy (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.77- 1.30), between ICI monotherapy and ICI plus ICI (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.69- 1.22) or between ICI plus chemotherapy and ICI plus ICI (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.66- 1.27). Conclusions: For PD-L1≥ 50% NSCLC patients, active ICI monotherapies showed no different efficacy when compared with ICI combination therapies.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

scholarly journals The effect of rTMS in the management of pain associated with CRPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Min Cheol Chang ◽  
Sang Gyu Kwak ◽  
Donghwi Park
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Before And After

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic management of pain in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is challenging. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has analgesic effects on several types of pain. However, its effect on CRPS has not been elucidated clearly. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of the available clinical studies on rTMS treatment in patients with CRPS.Materials and methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS databases. We included studies published up to February 09, 2020, that fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data regarding measurement of pain using the visual analog scale before and after rTMS treatment were collected to perform the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version 2.ResultsA total of three studies (one randomized controlled trial and two prospective observational studies) involving 41 patients were included in this meta-analysis. No significant reduction in pain was observed immediately after one rTMS treatment session or immediately after the entire schedule of rTMS treatment sessions (5 or 10 sessions; P > 0.05). However, pain significantly reduced 1 week after the entire schedule of rTMS sessions (P < 0.001).ConclusionrTMS appears to have a functional analgesic effect in patients with CRPS.

scholarly journals Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Analgesic Adjuvant for Surgery of Femur Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pharmacology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shan Deng ◽  
Yonghao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Block Time ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Patients who undergo surgery of femur fracture suffer the excruciating pain. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a unique α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative and analgesic properties, whose efficacy and safety are still unclear for surgery of femur fracture. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of addition of DEX to general or local anesthesia in surgery of femur fracture were searched from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database. Patients who received DEX infusion had a significant longer time to rescue analgesia compared with those without DEX coadministration. DEX treatment seemed to reduce the visual analog score; however, the significance did not reach any statistical difference. DEX as an analgesic adjuvant did not reduce the onset of sensory block time, shorten the time to achieve maximum sensory block level, and provide a longer duration of sensory block. The difference in mean sedation scores between 2 groups was not statistically significant. As for adverse effects, DEX therapy significantly increased the rate of hypotension. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine as a local anesthetic adjuvant in femur fracture surgery had a longer duration of rescue analgesia. However, the incidence of hypotension was markedly increased in these patients. It was worth noting that the evidence was of low to moderate quality.

scholarly journals Optimal Application of Forced Air Warming to Prevent Peri-Operative Hypothermia during Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2517
Author(s):  
Yoonyoung Lee ◽  
Kisook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Forced Air Warming ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Full Body

Patients who undergo abdominal surgery under general anesthesia develop hypothermia in 80–90% of the cases within an hour after induction of anesthesia. Side effects include shivering, bleeding, and infection at the surgical site. However, the surgical team applies forced air warming to prevent peri-operative hypothermia, but these methods are insufficient. This study aimed to confirm the optimal application method of forced air warming (FAW) intervention for the prevention of peri-operative hypothermia during abdominal surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to provide a synthesized and critical appraisal of the studies included. We used PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library CENTRAL to systematically search for randomized controlled trials published through March 2020. Twelve studies were systematically reviewed for FAW intervention. FAW intervention effectively prevented peri-operative hypothermia among patients undergoing both open abdominal and laparoscopic surgery. Statistically significant effect size could not be confirmed in cases of only pre- or peri-operative application. The upper body was the primary application area, rather than the lower or full body. These findings could contribute detailed standards and criteria that can be effectively applied in the clinical field performing abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization Following Curative-Intent Hepatectomy Versus Hepatectomy Alone for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2984
Author(s):  
Stepan M. Esagian ◽  
Christos D. Kakos ◽  
Emmanouil Giorgakis ◽  
Lyle Burdine ◽  
J. Camilo Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The role of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing hepatectomy is currently unclear. We performed a systematic review of the literature using the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Random-effects meta-analysis was carried out to compare the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with resectable HCC undergoing hepatectomy followed by adjuvant TACE vs. hepatectomy alone in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Meta-regression analyses were performed to explore the effect of hepatitis B viral status, microvascular invasion, type of resection (anatomic vs. parenchymal-sparing), and tumor size on the outcomes. Ten eligible RCTs, reporting on 1216 patients in total, were identified. The combination of hepatectomy and adjuvant TACE was associated with superior OS (hazard ratio (HR): 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52 to 0.85; p < 0.001) and RFS (HR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.88; p < 0.001) compared to hepatectomy alone. There were significant concerns regarding the risk of bias in most of the included studies. Overall, adjuvant TACE may be associated with an oncologic benefit in select HCC patients. However, the applicability of these findings may be limited to Eastern Asian populations, due to the geographically restricted sample. High-quality multinational RCTs, as well as predictive tools to optimize patient selection, are necessary before adjuvant TACE can be routinely implemented into standard practice. PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42021245758.

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