Evaluation of Fetal Renal Artery Doppler Indices in Pregnancies Complicated with Preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Serdar Kaya ◽  
Basak Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Doppler Indices

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Preeclampsia, characterized by endothelial dysfunction, is associated with maternal and fetal Doppler alterations. This study aimed to evaluate fetal renal artery Doppler indices in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and compare them with normotensive pregnancies. <b><i>Design:</i></b> This cross-sectional study enrolled 46 pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia between weeks 24 and 37 of gestation as the study group and 48 normotensive pregnancies as the control group. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> The abdominal aorta, its bifurcation, and the renal arteries were visualized in the coronal view of the fetal abdomen using color Doppler. Renal artery Doppler indices were measured after arising from the abdominal aorta. The angle of insonation was ≤30° from the direction of blood flow, and the sample volume was 2 mm. Fetal renal artery pulsatility index, resistance index, systolic/diastolic ratio, and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were measured. All Doppler measurements were performed in the absence of fetal movements. Moreover, demographic characteristics and the perinatal outcome data of patients were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The values of fetal renal artery pulsatility and resistance indices were found to be significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.013, respectively). The fetal renal artery systolic/diastolic ratio and PSV values were also significantly lower in the study group compared with those in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.007 and <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001, respectively). Renal artery pulsatility and resistance indices were negatively correlated with mean arterial pressure (<i>r</i> = −0.381, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001 and <i>r</i> = −0.267, <i>p</i> = 0.009, respectively). The renal artery systolic/diastolic ratio was also significantly negatively correlated with the mean arterial pressure (<i>r</i> = −0.257, <i>p</i> = 0.013). <b><i>Limitations:</i></b> The main limitations of this study are its cross-sectional design and the small number of participants. Another limitation of the study is that preeclamptic pregnancies complicated with fetal growth restriction were not included. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The observed decrease in fetal renal artery Doppler impedance may be caused by the unique response of the fetal renal artery to the factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia than other fetal peripheral vessels. These changes in fetal renal artery indices in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia could be taken into account in the assessment of fetal health.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RECTAL PROGESTERONE ON DOPPLER PARAMETERS OF THE UTERINE ARTERIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY IN IRAQI POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Fatin Shallal Farhan ◽  
Ban Hadi Hameed ◽  
Muna Abdulghani Zghair
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Doppler Study ◽  
Threatened Preterm Labor ◽  
Doppler Indices

Objective: The effectiveness of progesterone in the prevention of threatened preterm labor has been established for many years, but the preferable route, dose, and duration of treatment are until now under the evaluation of researches. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rectal progesterone on Doppler indices of the uterine arteries in pregnant women with threatened preterm delivery.Methods: A prospective case–control study was conducted at the obstetric ward and the Outpatients Department of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad for the period of 1 year from April 1, 2017, to April 1, 2018. 100 women were enrolled in the study, 50 of them were pregnant women with a diagnosis of preterm labor assigned as a study group and the other 50 were apparently healthy pregnant women of the same gestational age assigned as a control group. Doppler study of uterine arteries was done to all participants, and the results were compared for both groups. The patients with preterm labor received nifedipine tocolysis initially until contractions subsided and Doppler study had been repeated for those women after 1 week of rectal progesterone therapy.Results: The study group had a significantly higher resistance index (RI) than the control group (0.58 vs. 0.52) as p<0.05, in spite of the pulsatility index (PI) being higher for the study group compared to the control group (0.78 vs. 0.77) but this difference was not statistically significant. The RI before the therapy (0.58) was significantly higher than the index after therapy (0.52), and the PI was again significantly higher before therapy (0.78) than after therapy (0.71) as p<0.05. During the follow-up period, 3 (6.5%), 4 (8.7), and 39 (84.8%) patients delivered within 1 week, after 1 week, and at term, respectively.Conclusion: Rectal progesterone can arrest threatened preterm labor, and this effect is possible in part explained by its action on uterine arteries.

Fluid volumes and pressor responsiveness in two-kidney rabbits with renal artery stenosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (5) ◽  
pp. H779-H787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Johnson ◽  
K. D. Kurz ◽  
S. Siripaisarnpipat ◽  
D. W. Zeigler ◽  
C. G. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Pressor Responses

This study examined body fluid volumes, the pressor responses to norepinephrine (NE), and the cardiovascular responses to NE before and during infusion of an angiotensin II (ANG II) antagonist in two-kidney rabbits with unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) of 3 and 30 day duration. Three separate experiments were performed. In the first experiment, plasma volume, extracellular fluid volume, and total body water were measured by the distribution volumes of radioiodinated serum albumin, 35SO4, and tritiated water, respectively. No differences were seen for any of these volumes between the 3- or 30-day RAS rabbits and their controls. In the second experiment, pressor responses to infusions of several doses of NE were examined; rabbits with 3- and 30-day RAS had exaggerated pressor responses to all doses of NE when compared with the control rabbits. In the third experiment, infusion of NE at 800 ng.min-1.kg body wt-1 resulted in more pronounced increases in mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance (TPR) in the 3- and 30-day RAS rabbits than in the controls; after infusion of [Sar1-Ile8] ANG II the increases in mean arterial pressure and TPR during NE infusion were blunted and were of the same magnitude as in the control group. In all experiments the 30-day RAS rabbits were hypertensive, whereas the 3-day RAS rabbits were normotensive; also, plasma renin activity (PRA) values were normal in both the 3- and 30-day RAS groups. These studies demonstrated that increases in body fluid volumes are not necessary for pressor and vascular hyperresponsiveness probably is mediated by ANG II, despite normal PRA values.

scholarly journals Is There a Relationship Between the Severity of Preeclampsia and Fetal Renal Doppler Indices?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Elnaz Afsari ◽  
Fatemeh Abbasalizadeh ◽  
Zahra Fardiazar ◽  
Saeedeh Shahali ◽  
Yousef Soltan Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Doppler Indices

Objectives: Preeclampsia is a high prevalence complication in pregnancy and is responsible for 36% of maternal mortality worldwide. The offspring of mothers with preeclampsia face many problems after birth and in their lifetime. The fetal renal is one of the most vulnerable organs following maternal preeclampsia. In this regard, the present study investigated the relationship between the severity of preeclampsia and fetal renal artery resistance and pulsatility. Materials and Methods: In general, 91 pregnant women were included and divided into control and preeclampsia groups. The control group included 43 women with normal pregnancy and the preeclampsia group consisted of 48 pregnant women who suffered from preeclampsia and were classified into patients in severe and non-severe preeclampsia groups each containing 24 cases. Renal artery Doppler ultrasound was performed, and then the systole/diastole ratio (S/D), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index (RI) were measured as well. Results: The S/D ratio, RI, and PI significantly decreased in the preeclampsia group (P<0.001) compared to the control group. The S/D ratio in severe preeclampsia was significantly lower in comparison with non-severe preeclampsia (P<0.001). Finally, the amniotic fluid index was related to the PI (P<0.05), and severe preeclampsia significantly increased the pregnancy termination before 34 weeks (P<0.001). Conclusions: Preeclampsia deceased the resistance of renal arteries by altering the fetal renal blood flow. These changes can intensify in patients with severe preeclampsia compared to non-severe preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Peri-operative use of dexmedetomidine in airway reconstruction surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chawla ◽  
S Robinson ◽  
A Norton ◽  
A Esterman ◽  
T Taneerananon
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Haemodynamic Stability ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Airway Reconstruction

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the peri-operative usefulness of dexmedetomidine in obstructive sleep apnoea surgery.Methods:In a clinical audit, patients were divided into a study group (dexmedetomidine used; n = 125; 82.9 per cent males, 17.1 per cent females; mean age 48.1 years) and a control group (dexmedetomidine not used; n = 143; 85.5 per cent males, 14.5 per cent females; mean age 47.4 years). The selected outcome measures were mean arterial pressure, use of anti-hypertensives and use of opioids.Results:Mean arterial pressure was stable (i.e. below 100 mmHg) in 93.3 per cent of the study group and 72.0 per cent of the control group (relative risk 1.30, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.14–1.47). The use of glyceryl trinitrate and hydralazine was significantly less in the study group, compared with controls (p = 0.005 and <0.001, respectively). Study group patients underwent more procedures than control patients (p < 0.001) and were more likely to require morphine. No difference was noted in the median dose of opioids.Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine improves haemodynamic stability in patients undergoing surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea. It is reliable and reduces the need for polypharmacy. Its opioid-sparing action has been established in the literature; however, this was not demonstrated in our study.

Psychosocial Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Frontline Healthcare Workers in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quratul-Ain Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychosocial Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontline Healthcare Workers

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare workers in Pakistan in terms of psychological factors emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout. Study Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at different hospitals across Pakistan and data collection was carried out from 15th June 2020 till 15th August 2020. Material and Methods: This was a questionnaire-based study aiming to compare the levels of burnout and emotional distress between frontline COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 healthcare workers. Any physician, nurse, and other healthcare workers were recruited from emergency care units and Covid-19 care units (target group), and non-COVID-19 care units (control group). Participation was voluntary and participants had to complete self-reported questionnaires and scales. A mixed-mode data collection was carried out, either in paper or web-based form to ensure maximum participation. Results: The independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding depression, stress, and insomnia. The study group showed higher scores for these factors than the control group. Chi-square test of association revealed significant scores of burnout and professional fulfillment in both groups. There was a higher prevalence of burnout in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: This study concludes that there was a significant psychosocial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the frontline healthcare workers measured in terms of emotional distress, insomnia, and burnout.

scholarly journals Doppler Flow Velocity Indices (RI, PI, S/D & PSV) of Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery in Normal Pregnancies: Correlation with Gestational Age of 20 to 40 Weeks

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Md Abu Taher ◽  
Nuzhat Tasmin ◽  
AS Mohiuddin ◽  
Md Mohit Ul Alam ◽  
Md Mofazzal Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Doppler Flow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Doppler Indices

This observational type of descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM selecting 70 Bangladeshi pregnant babies with the aim to find out the normogram of foetal middle cerebral artery Doppler flow velocity indices and correlation between Doppler flow velocity indices [Resistance Index (RI), Pulsatility Index (PI), Systolic/Diastolic ratio (S/D) & Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV)] of foetal middle cerebral artery and gestational age in normal pregnancies of 20 to 40 weeks. It was observed that RI, PI and S/D were decreased with the advance of gestational age but PSV was increases with the advance of gestational age. Statistical analyses showed there were significant difference between mean PSV, RI and PI before and after 25 weeks of gestation. No significant difference was found between mean S/D before and after 25 weeks of gestation. It was observed from Correlation analysis between Doppler indices with independent gestational age that all the Doppler indices of foetal middle cerebra artery was positively correlated with the whole gestation period. The statistical analysis showed only PSV and RI were significantly correlated with the gestational age. Simple regression analysis between dependent Doppler index with independent gestational age before and after 25 weeks revealed that all the Doppler indices had positive relationship with the corresponding gestational age but relationship between PSV and PI (before 25 weeks) with their corresponding gestational ages were only statistically significant.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v2i2.12306 Birdem Med J 2012; 2(2) 77-80

scholarly journals Patients with Achilles Tendon Rupture Have a Degenerated Contralateral Achilles Tendon: An Elastography Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianru Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Yehua Cai ◽  
Yinghui Hua
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To evaluate differences of Achilles tendon (AT) hardness and morphology between asymptomatic tendons in patients with acute AT ruptures on the contralateral side and asymptomatic tendons in healthy people by using computer-assisted quantification on axial-strain sonoelastography (ASE). Methods. The study consisted of 33 asymptomatic tendons in 33 patients (study group) and 34 tendons in 19 healthy volunteers (control group). All the tendons were examined by both ASE and conventional ultrasound. Computer-assisted quantification on ASE was applied to extract hardness variables, including the mean (Hmean), 20th percentile (H20), median (H50) and skewness (Hsk) of the hardness within tendon, and the ratio of the mean hardness within tendon to that outside tendon (Hratio) and three morphological variables: the thickness (THK), cross-sectional area, and eccentricity (ECC) of tendons. Results. The Hmean, Hsk, H20, H50, and Hratio in the proximal third of the tendon body in study group were significantly smaller than those in control group (Hmean: 0.43±0.09 vs 0.50±0.07, p=0.001; Hsk: -0.53±0.51 vs -1.09±0.51, p<0.001; H20: 0.31±0.10 vs 0.40±0.10, p=0.001; H50: 0.45±0.10 vs 0.53±0.08, p<0.001; Hratio: 1.01±0.25 vs 1.20±0.23, p=0.003). The THK and cross-sectional area of tendons in the study group were larger than those in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions. As a quantitative objective method, the computer-assisted ASE reveals that the asymptomatic ATs contralateral to acute rupture are softer than those of healthy control group at the proximal third and the asymptomatic tendons in people with rupture history are thicker, larger, and rounder than those of normal volunteers especially at the middle and distal thirds of AT body.

scholarly journals A Prognostic Marker in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Serum Calprotectin

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
İhsan Kuzucu ◽  
Tuba Çandar ◽  
Deniz Baklacı ◽  
İsmail Güler ◽  
Rauf Oğuzhan Kum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives. Calprotectin, a protein released by neutrophils, has been used in many studies as a biomarker showing the presence of inflammation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between serum calprotectin level and response to the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL).Methods. The present study is a prospective, cross-sectional historical cohort study. The study group consisted of 44 patients with ISSHL, and the control group consisted of 41 healthy volunteers without ear pathology. At the same time, patients in the study group were divided into three groups according to the response to ISSHL treatment (recovered, partially recovered, unrecovered). The relationship between the groups was statistically evaluated in terms of serum calprotectin levels.Results. The mean serum calprotectin value was 75.67±19.48 ng/mL in the study group and 50.24±29.14 ng/mL in the control group (<i>P</i>=0.001). Serum calprotectin value according to the severity of hearing loss in the mild, moderate and severe was 66.20±8.82, 70.35±16.77, and 91.23±19.73 ng/mL, respectively. Serum calprotectin value in the severe group was significantly higher compared to the moderate and mild groups (<i>P</i>=0.004, <i>P</i>=0.001, respectively). Serum calprotectin value according to the treatment response in the recovered, partially recovered and unrecovered groups was 63.36±11.54, 80.17±12.06, and 85.33±22.33 ng/mL, respectively. Serum calprotectin value in the recovered group was significantly lower compared to the partially recovered and unrecovered groups (<i>P</i>=0.002, <i>P</i>=0.001, respectively).Conclusion. Serum calprotectin value informs the clinician about both the severity of hearing loss and the response to treatment. Hence, serum calprotectin can be used as an important biomarker in ISSHL patients for the determination of the prognosis of disease.

scholarly journals Pattern ERG as a predictor in ocular hypertensive

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paaraj Dave ◽  
Jitendra Jethani
Keyword(s):  
Amplitude Ratio ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pattern Erg ◽  
Check Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To report the repeatability of Pattern Electrotretinogram (PERG) and its findings in ocular hypertension (OHT) and normal eyes.Methods: A cross-sectional study where PERG responses were compared between the study group comprising of 80 eyes of 80 patients with intraocular pressure (IOP)>21 mmHg and the control group with 80 eyes of 80 normal individuals (IOP≤21mmHg). The optic disc and the visual fields were normal with a visual acuity of ≥ 0.8 in both groups. PERG was recorded twice for each individual in the control group by a single operator on 2 consecutive days to assess the repeatability.Results: The mean age in the study and control groups was 50.05±10.03 and 54.8±7.66 years(p=0.44) respectively. The mean IOP was 26.55±3.9 mmHg for the study group as opposed to 14.45±2.9 mmHg for the controls (p<0.001). The central corneal thickness and the cup-disc ratio was similar between the groups (p>.05). The P50-N95 amplitude (p=0.01) and the P50 latency (p<0.001) was statistically significantly different between both the groups. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) showed poor agreement for all parameters except for N35-P50 0.8 to 16 degree check size amplitude ratio (PERG ratio).Conclusion:  Increase in P50 latency emerges as a new candidate for early glaucoma indicator in addition to reduction in P50-N95 amplitude. PERG parameters suffer from high test-retest variability. Deterioration in PERG recordings should be interpreted with caution. The variability is lesser for the PERG ratio which maybe more meaningful while monitoring for change over time.

scholarly journals Changes of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein level and analysis of its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiying Feng ◽  
Jie You ◽  
Guixia Chen ◽  
Hongli Su ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Previous studies have discovered that zinc-α2-glycoprotein is related to insulin resistance and lipid metabolism. The aim of the study is to explore the change of serum zinc-α2-glycoprotein(ZAG) and its related factors in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods Eighty newly diagnosed GDM patients were enrolled in study group, and 80 normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The differences of baseline data between the two groups were compared, and the change of serum ZAG level and its relationship with related indexes was analyzed. Results Compared to control group, the level of serum ZAG in the study group decreased [(43.94 ± 14.51)mg/L vs. (62.57 ± 19.05)mg/L, P < 0.001]. Pearson correlation (or Spearman correlation) analysis showed that serum ZAG level was negatively correlated with FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and TG (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with HDL(P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that HDL, FINS, HOMA-IR were independent factors of serum ZAG(P < 0.001). Conclusion The level of serum ZAG in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus decreased, and HDL, FINS and HOMA-IR are the influencing factors in study group. Trial registration: The study registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(Chi CTR2000028811).

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