scholarly journals Hemodialysis Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Reveal Increased Tissue Na+ Deposition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Carolina Friedrich ◽  
Peter Linz ◽  
Armin M. Nagel ◽  
Daniela Rosenhauer ◽  
Stephan Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
3.0 Tesla ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Body ◽  
23Na Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
23Na Mri

Background: The relationship between Na+ balance and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in hemodialysis (HD) patients is not yet fully understood. We hypothesized that HD patients co-diagnosed with CVD show increased tissue Na+ accumulation compared to HD patients without CVD. Methods: In our observational study 52 HD patients were divided into a group with (23 subjects) or without (29 subjects) a positive history of cardiovascular events. We used 23Na-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (23Na-MRI) at 3.0 Tesla to quantify Na+ content in skin and muscle of both groups directly before and after HD. Additionally, total body fluid distribution was determined by Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (BIS) and laboratory parameters were assessed. Results: Compared to HD patients without CVD, 23Na-MRI detected an increased Na+ content in skin (21.7 ± 7.3 vs. 30.2 ± 9.8 arbitrary units, a.u., p < 0.01) and muscle tissue (21.5 ± 3.6 vs 24.7 ± 6.0 a.u., p < 0.05) in patients with previous CVD events. Simultaneously measured fluid amount by BIS, including excess extracellular water (1.8 ± 1.7 vs. 2.2 ± 1.7 L, p = 0.44), was not significantly different between both groups. Tissue Na+ accumulation in HD-CVD patients was paralleled by a higher plasma concentration of the inflammation marker Interleukin-6 (5.1, IQR 5.8 vs. 8.5, IQR 7.9 pg/ml, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In our cohort, HD patients with CVD showed higher tissue Na+ content than HD patients without CVD, while no difference in body water distribution could be detected between both groups. Our findings provide evidence that the history of a cardiovascular event is associated with disturbances in tissue Na+ content in HD patients.

Crafts Traders versus the State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillon Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces the development of Kenya’s tourism and handicraft industries from their roots in 20th century British colonialism to provide some of the broader history of Kenya’s tourism and co-operative development, their emergence in Mombasa, and their relationships with local governments. I draw on archival as well as ethnographic data collected just before the 2002 demolition of Mombasa’s roadside kiosks, which form the starting point for the larger longitudinal study. I focus on the array of experiences of Mombasa’s roadside traders of diverse backgrounds as they struggle with the privatization and segregation of urban residential and commercial space both before and after the demolitions. The economy was radically altered as the roadsides were “cleaned” and a new wave of economic formalization characterized the relationship between small-scale businesspeople and the state. For many entrepreneurs invested in the global crafts trade, this was the final straw that pushed them toward new technologies, jumping scales into global markets, and investing in export and wholesale businesses that were not spatially dependent upon a connection to the city center.

scholarly journals Perception of Cardiovascular Risk and Use of Technologies in Health in Adults with Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-269
Author(s):  
Carlos Milton Guevara-Valtier ◽  
Ana Victoria Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽  
Velia Margarita Cárdenas-Villarreal ◽  
Tirso Duran-Badillo ◽  
Juana Mercedes Gutiérrez-Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Health History ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

En este articulo se determinó la relación entre la Percepción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular con el Nivel de uso de Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC´s), así como el efecto explicativo del nivel de uso de las TIC´s y antecedentes para enfermedad cardiovascular en la Percepción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en adultos con obesidad. Este estudio es pertinente dado que la relación entre las variables propuestas, así como la relación de las TIC´s y otras variables sobre la percepción de riesgo de enfermedad cardiaca y cerebral aún no es del todo clara. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo-analítico realizado en una muestra de 260 adultos con obesidad. Se usaron los cuestionarios Percepción del Riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y Uso de TICS en pacientes atendidos en un centro de salud, se respetaron las normas éticas y se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Se encontró relación entre la Percepción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y el uso de las TIC´s (rs =0,142, p=0,022). El Nivel de uso de TICS y antecedentes personales/familiares para el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular fue un 14,3% en la percepción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Se concluyó que la percepción del riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular se relaciona con el Nivel de uso de Tecnologías de la información y comunicación en salud y es explicada en parte por el Nivel de uso de tecnologías de la información y comunicación y antecedentes de salud. Objective: This paper determined the relationship between the perception of risk of a cardiovascular disease with the level of use of Information and Communication Technology or ICT, as well as the explanatory effect of these ICTs and the history of cardiovascular disease in the perception of risk of cardiovascular disease in adults with obesity.Methods: This study is relevant since the relationship between the proposed variables, and the relationship of the ICTs and other variables about the risk perception of heart and brain disease is not very clear yet. An analytical-descriptive research was made on a sample of 260 obese adults. Questionnaires of risk perception of a cardiovascular disease and use of ICT in patients who receive care in a health center were used; ethical standards were observed and descriptive statistics and statistical inference were applied.Results: A relationship between risk perception of a cardiovascular disease and the use of ICTs was found (rs=0,142, p=0,022). The level of use of ICTs and personal/family history of disease for the development of a cardiovascular disease explain a 14,3% in the perception of risk of the disease.Conclusions: It was concluded that the perception of risk of cardiovascular disease was related to the level of use of Information and Communication Technologies regarding health, and it is partially explained by the level of use of the ICTs and health history.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between occlusal and clinical parameters and the need for incisor reduction in confined horses - a retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 2052-2057
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Rapp de Oliveira Pimentel ◽  
André Luis do Valle De Zoppa
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between occlusal and clinical parameters and the need for incisor shortening in horses. It was based on the retrospective analysis of the dental charts of 75 confined horses. Body condition score, shape of incisors, presence of dysmastication, excursion to molar contact (EMC) distance before and after cheek teeth occlusal adjustment were evaluated. History of difficult to riding, dysmastication and digestive problems was also considered. The initial measurement of lateral excursion to molar contact (EMC) revealed incisor occlusal surface abnormalities in 45 (60%) horses and long incisors (EMC>15mm) in five (6.6%) horses. Considering clinical examination and history data the need for reduction of incisor length was significant when EMC exceeded 15mm (P<0.0001) and when based on dental shape, clinical history of dysmastication and/or digestive problems or body condition score was also significant (P<0.05). In confined horses, the decision to shorten and align the incisor teeth should be based on observation and history of dysmastication and digestive problems, body condition score, incisors shape and EMC distance. The need for incisor reduction should be determined before dental intervention and reassessed following cheek teeth oclusal adjustment

scholarly journals Slimming One’s Way to a Better Self? Weight Loss Clubs and Women in Britain, 1967–1990

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-453
Author(s):  
Katrina-Louise Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
Weight Watchers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Industry Professionals

Abstract Following the arrival of Weight Watchers UK in 1967, slimming clubs expanded rapidly in Britain in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Initially aimed at, and founded by, women, these organizations were complex emotional spaces in which female entrepreneurship and homosociality would unfold. Looking afresh at the relationship between women and commercialized weight loss, this article provides the first detailed study of the rise of the slimming club in mid-to-late-twentieth-century Britain. Slimming clubs proved lucrative business opportunities for some women; moreover, as homosocial spaces intersecting with women’s everyday lives, they had the potential to be emotionally and psychologically empowering. A history of these organizations thus complicates feminist critiques of the slimming industry. This article draws on a variety of historical sources to piece together this forgotten history, including contemporary slimming guides, newspaper ‘before-and-after’ features, and oral history interviews with industry professionals and former slimming club members. Though members recognized that the commercial promise of transformation was shot through with contradictions, simultaneously, slimming clubs sparked enjoyment in being in the female body and provided a space away from domesticity.

Abstract MP63: Established Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Mediate The Relationship Between Hypertensive Disorders In First Pregnancy And Maternal Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J Stuart ◽  
Lauren J Tanz ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
Stacey A Missmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Women with a history of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP; gestational hypertension [GHTN] or preeclampsia) have an increased risk of CVD risk factors and events compared to women with normotensive pregnancies. However, the extent to which the relationship between HDP and CVD events is mediated by established CVD risk factors is less clear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a large proportion of the HDP-CVD relationship would be mediated by subsequent CVD risk factors — chronic hypertension (CHTN), type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypercholesterolemia, and BMI. Methods: Parous women free of prior CVD events, CHTN, T2D, and hypercholesterolemia at first birth in the Nurses’ Health Study II comprised the analytic sample (n=57,974). Pregnancy history was retrospectively reported in 2009. Women were followed for confirmed CVD events (coronary heart disease [non-fatal or fatal MI, fatal CHD] or stroke [non-fatal or fatal]) from first birth through 2015. Potential mediators were self-reported on biennial questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the relationship between HDP in first pregnancy (preeclampsia or GHTN vs. normotension [ref]) and CVD, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, parental education, family history of CVD before age 60, and pre-pregnancy risk factors (e.g., smoking, diet, and BMI). To evaluate the proportion of the HDP-CVD association that was jointly mediated by the CVD risk factors we used the difference method, comparing a model including these four factors to a model without them. Results: Nine percent of women (n=5,306) had a history of HDP in first pregnancy (preeclampsia: 6.3%; GHTN: 2.9%). CVD events occurred in 650 women with normotension in first pregnancy, 30 with GHTN, and 81 with preeclampsia. Adjusting for pre-pregnancy confounders, women with HDP in first pregnancy had a 63% higher rate of incident CVD (CI: 1.33-2.00) compared to women with normotension in first pregnancy; in particular, the strongest association was observed between preeclampsia and CHD (HR=2.18, CI: 1.62-2.93). The overall HDP-CVD association was largely mediated by the group of four CVD risk factors (HDP: proportion mediation [PM]=65%, CI: 35-87; preeclampsia: PM=57%, CI: 21-87; GHTN: PM=99%, CI: inestimable). All CVD risk factors contributed to mediation, but chronic hypertension accounted for the largest proportion. Conclusions: While approximately 40% of the association between preeclampsia and CVD remained unexplained, almost all the increased risk of CVD conferred by a history of GHTN was jointly accounted for by the development of established risk factors postpartum. Screening for CHTN, T2D, hypercholesterolemia, and overweight/obesity after pregnancy may be especially helpful in CVD prevention among women with a history of HDP.

Fatalism Moderates the Relationship Between Family History of Cardiovascular Disease and Engagement in Health-Promoting Behaviors Among At-Risk Rural Kentuckians

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gia Mudd-Martin ◽  
Mary Kay Rayens ◽  
Terry A. Lennie ◽  
Misook L. Chung ◽  
Yevgeniya Gokun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASURES AND RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS OF TOBACCO WORKERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
PETER OLAITAN AIYEDUN ◽  
SALAMI OLASUNKANMI ISMAILA ◽  
DAVID OJO ◽  
GIDEON OLABODE ADENIRAN
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tobacco Workers ◽  
Permanent Workers ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this research was to establish the relationship between some anthropometric measurements and peak expiratory flow rate of tobacco factory workers. Eighty permanent workers who had been employed for at least three years with no history of cardiovascular disease were involved with the study. The measured anthropometric data (chest width and depth, height and weight) were analyzed using SPSS (V 16.0) to develop predictive models for PEFR of tobacco factory workers. It was concluded that the developed models could determine the PEFR of workers in a tobacco manufacturing company.

Abstract P072: Short Sleep Duration is Associated with Elevated Homocysteine Levels

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Petrov ◽  
Michael A Grandner ◽  
Carol M Baldwin ◽  
Matthew P Buman ◽  
Shawn D Youngstedt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Short and long sleep durations are associated with heightened risk for cardiovascular disease and vascular risk factors. Elevated homocysteine is also associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease; however, studies have yet to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and homocysteine. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that short and long sleep duration would be associated with clinical levels of homocysteine. Methods: Adults (n=2,469; ≥20y) from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were assessed for habitual sleep duration (coded as <5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and ≥10hrs) and fasting plasma homocysteine levels (<10 [normative], 10 to <15 [pre-clinical] and ≥15 [clinical] μmol/L). Participants were excluded if pregnant, lactating, missing data on the primary variables, or if they had a history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, or diagnosed sleep disorder. Population weighted, multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between sleep duration and homocysteine after adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital and menopausal status, shift work, dietary folate, alcohol intake, cotinine levels, reported physical activity, hypertension, and reported frequency of cessation of breathing at night. Results: Pre-clinical and clinical levels of homocysteine were present in 13.7% and 2.5% of the sample, respectively. The mean sleep duration was 6.9 ± 1.4 hours. In adjusted analyses, sleep duration was significantly related to homocysteine ( p < 0.001). See Table. Very short sleepers (<5hrs) were more likely to have clinical levels of homocysteine (OR: 3.01, 95%CI: 1.38, 6.57) compared to 7-hr sleepers. Conclusions: In a U.S. representative sample of adults without cardiovascular disease or other major conditions, short sleepers were at greater odds for clinical levels of homocysteine Findings suggest that homocysteine may be one mechanism linking short sleep duration to cardiovascular disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document