scholarly journals Antenna design and fabrication for biotelemetry applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3639
Author(s):  
Sourav Sinha ◽  
Raja Rashidul Hasan ◽  
Ta-Seen Reaz Niloy ◽  
Md. Abdur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Phantom Model ◽  
Copper Material

<span>This research work assumes the role of designing a Micro-strip patch antenna that exists with in the band range of 402 MHz to 405 MHz, which was considered as medical implantable communication systems (MICS) band and can be possibly implanted at human body phantom model because of its flexiblility and lower radiation characteristics. CST Microwave studio was used for designing the patch antenna and the human body phantom model with the existence of homogeneous layers (fat, skin and muscle) and the final version was fabricated. Being highly flexible, FR4 was chosen as a substrate to maintain 0.5 mm thickness throughout. For the ground and patch, copper material was selected having thickness of 0.018 mm. For the ease of fabrication and biocompatibility, silicon was selected with the thickness of being 8 mm. Maximum specific absorption rate of the proposed antenna was obtained 0.588 W/Kg for 10g tissue. Various Parameters such as VSWR, S11, Radiation efficiency, Total efficiency were found 1.1889, -21.28 dB, <br /> -45.71 dB, -45.74 dB respectively inside body phantom that ensure the antenna design was efficiently and effectively suitable for biotelemetry system which is body implantable. After fabrication the value of S11 is found -12.43 dB in open space with 453 MHz frequency.</span>

scholarly journals An Electromagnetic Analysis of Noise-Based Intrinsically Secure Communication in Wireless Systems

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Migliore ◽  
Daniele Pinchera ◽  
Mario Lucido ◽  
Fulvio Schettino ◽  
Gaetano Panariello
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Secure Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Electromagnetic Propagation ◽  
Interesting Approach ◽  
The Difference

Recently there has been an increasing interest toward unconditionally secure communication systems in which the mechanism assuring the secrecy of the message is physical and not computational. An interesting approach proposed in the information theory literature for unconditionally secure communication is based on the use of artificial noise at a rate related to the difference between the mutual information in perfect secrecy. Since the mechanism assuring the secrecy of the message is physical and not computational, the unauthorized receiver cannot obtain information from the received signal, regardless of how much computational power is available. For this reason, such a cryptographic system is called unconditionally secure. The aim of this paper is to investigate an electromagnetic approach to the noise-based wireless communication systems stressing the important role of the electromagnetic propagation and antenna design. In particular, the concept of the number of degrees of freedom of the field is used to clarify the physical mechanism that allows for a decrease in the mutual information of the unauthorized channel compared to the eavesdropper channel. Numerical examples regarding both free-space propagation and rich scattering environments are shown, confirming the importance of the role of the electromagnetic propagation and antenna design.

Bandwidth enhancement of patch antennas using neural network dependent modified optimizer

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1111-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Bandwidth Enhancement ◽  
Dimensional Parameters ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Since a conventional microstrip patch antenna is inherently a narrowband radiator, stacked-patch antennas are commonly used either to enhance the bandwidth or to achieve multi-band characteristics. However, the stacked patch structure has a number of geometrical variables which need to be optimized to achieve the desired characteristics. The conventional design procedure involves repeated costly and time-consuming simulations on an electromagnetic simulator to optimize the various geometrical parameters to arrive at the desired radiation characteristics. In this paper, the task of stacked patch antenna design has been approached as an optimization problem. In order to make a faster CAD module for the stacked-antenna design problem, the simulator has been replaced by a trained artificial neural network (ANN) and embedded in a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSOA). The ANN is helpful in constructing the “function mapping black-box”, which can relate the frequencies and associated bandwidths of the antenna with its dimensional parameters. The role of the PSOA is to decide the geometrical parameters of the antenna, in response to the designer-specified frequencies and bandwidths. In order to validate the authenticity of the proposed method, a number of antennas have been designed, fabricated, and tested in the laboratory. Simulated and measured results have been compared which establish the accuracy of the proposed technique.

scholarly journals Millimeter-wave Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for 5G

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1183-1187
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Era

The objective of this article is to illustrate about the requirements of the patch antenna and to provide a short survey approximately the way to pick them. Seeing that 5G is the ultra modern era in the upcoming communication systems, we focused on the millimeter wave frequencies with an intention to give more information about them. This paper additionally explains about the impact of numerous parameters such as substrate thickness, resonant frequency, various feeding techniques. different shapes of patch, millimeter wave frequency ranges etc.. on the antenna performance.

scholarly journals A Modified Square Patch Antenna with Rhombus slot for High bandwidth

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1580-1583
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Quarter Wavelength ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
5G Communication ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions

In this the proposed patch antenna operates at 32 GHz which is among the projected 5G communication frequencies and has a novel geometry with rhombus-shaped slots. The first design in this work is a inset fed used conventionally in patch antenna. It has a quarter wavelength impedance matching line. The dimensions are determined according to the usual design considerations. Low return loss and high bandwidth requirements motivates us to modify the antenna design. Therefore, we add rhombus – shaped slots on the patch which leads to an additional increase in the system bandwidth as much as 52 MHz and a reduction in the return loss level up to 11.241 dB. The proposed patch antenna design is conjectured to be a suitable candidate to address the requirements of 5G communication systems. The operating frequency of the proposed antenna can be tuned by changing the geometrical dimensions from microwave to the THz region.

scholarly journals Compact Micro Patch antenna with F Shape Extension DGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Microstrip Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Ground Structure ◽  
Ansoft Hfss ◽  
Compact Microstrip Antenna

This work describes a compact microstrip antenna design for wide bandwidth applications. The proposed work introduces a methodology to improve the bandwidth, as well return loss by the defective ground structure (Extended F-Shape). As communication systems require small size, broadband and multiband frequency antennas, an inset line feed monopoles have to be ensured for fabricating broadband antennas. Intensive investigations are carried out in the proposed work to design a new antenna with broadband and multi-band properties. Simulations are performed by using the Ansoft HFSS Electromagnetic Simulation Software.

scholarly journals Research on Millimeter-wave Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for 5G

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 2841-2845
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Microstrip Patch ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Era

The objective of this article is to illustrate about the requirements of the patch antenna and to provide a short survey approximately the way to pick them. Seeing that 5G is the ultra modern era in the upcoming communication systems, we focused on the millimeter wave frequencies with an intention to give more information about them. This paper additionally explains about the impact of numerous parameters such as substrate thickness, resonant frequency, various feeding techniques. different shapes of patch, millimeter wave frequency ranges etc.. on the antenna performance

scholarly journals Design a compact square ring patch antenna with AMC for SAR reduction in WBAN applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 370-378
Author(s):  
Abdul Rashid Omar Mumin ◽  
R. Alias ◽  
Jiwa Abdullah ◽  
Samsul Haimi Dahlan ◽  
Jawad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Radiation Efficiency ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Frequency Detuning ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Critical Issues

In this paper presents a compact square ring patch antenna with miniaturized AMC structure at 5.8 GHz for WBAN applications. To minimize detuning, keeping its radiation efficiency high and acceptable gain while keeping the SAR levels low for safety is a challenging task. One of the critical issues in WBAN antenna design is the size of the antenna for portable devices, because the size affects the gain and bandwidth. The AMC configuration decreases the back radiation and the effect frequency detuning results from the high loss in the human body. Furthermore, the AMC also increases the front-to-back ratio (FBR) of 15.3 dB. The proposed antenna has dimensions of 15.27×15.27×2.2 mm3 and provides a 404 MHz impedance bandwidth, with a gain improvement of 8.69 dBi and a 93.7% reduction of the initial SAR value. For this reason, the antenna is suitable for WBAN application in various fields, particularly in medical technology.

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