scholarly journals Automatic target detection and localization using ultra-wideband radar

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Dounia Daghouj ◽  
Marwa Abdellaoui ◽  
Mohammed Fattah ◽  
Said Mazer ◽  
Youness Balboul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Band ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Correlation Peak ◽  
Distant Object ◽  
Automatic Target Detection ◽  
Broadband Emission ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Detection And Localization

<span>The pulse ultra-wide band (UWB) radar consists of switching of energy of very short duration in an ultra-broadband emission chain, and the UWB signal emitted is an ultrashort pulse, of the order of nanoseconds, without a carrier. These systems can indicate the presence and distances of a distant object, call a target, and determine its size, shape, speed, and trajectory. In this paper, we present a UWB radar system allowing the detection of the presence of a target and its localization in a road environment based on the principle of correlation of the reflected signal with the reference and the determination of its correlation peak.</span>

Through Wall Stationary Human Target Detection and Localization Using OFDM-UWB Radar

Frequenz ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohra Slimane ◽  
Abdelmalek Abdelhafid
Keyword(s):  
Target Detection ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Spectrum Density ◽  
Background Clutter ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Minimum System ◽  
System Operating

AbstractThis paper focuses on through wall stationary human target detection and localization using an OFDM based Ultra-Wide Band radar (OFDM-UWB). Our investigations relate to a monostatic UWB radar operating in the band [1.99–3] GHz at central frequency 2.5 GHz and emitting a power of –22 dBm, meeting FCC UWB spectrum density requirements. The detection of a human being is possible due to respiratory movements of the chest. Using the short-term Fourier transform, along with the optimal filtering and an averaging technique for background clutter suppression, interesting information could be extracted from the recorded waveforms about the presence and position of a human being behind a 20-cm-thick concrete wall. The results of the experimental simulations under Matlab/simulink are then presented. A maximum range of 4 m was found to be possible with a minimum system operating SNR of 5 dB.

scholarly journals Ultra-Wideband Radar-Based Indoor Activity Monitoring for Elderly Care

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3158
Author(s):  
Matti Hämäläinen ◽  
Lorenzo Mucchi ◽  
Stefano Caputo ◽  
Lorenzo Biotti ◽  
Lorenzo Ciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Care ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
Radar Network ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Received Power ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Wideband Radar

In this paper, we propose an unobtrusive method and architecture for monitoring a person’s presence and collecting his/her health-related parameters simultaneously in a home environment. The system is based on using a single ultra-wideband (UWB) impulse-radar as a sensing device. Using UWB radars, we aim to recognize a person and some preselected movements without camera-type monitoring. Via the experimental work, we have also demonstrated that, by using a UWB signal, it is possible to detect small chest movements remotely to recognize coughing, for example. In addition, based on statistical data analysis, a person’s posture in a room can be recognized in a steady situation. In addition, we implemented a machine learning technique (k-nearest neighbour) to automatically classify a static posture using UWB radar data. Skewness, kurtosis and received power are used in posture classification during the postprocessing. The classification accuracy achieved is more than 99%. In this paper, we also present reliability and fault tolerance analyses for three kinds of UWB radar network architectures to point out the weakest item in the installation. This information is highly important in the system’s implementation.

Detection and Localization of People Inside Vehicle Using Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband Radar Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 3892-3901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohee Lim ◽  
Seongwook Lee ◽  
Jaehoon Jung ◽  
Seong-Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Radio ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Radar Sensor ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Detection And Localization

scholarly journals An Accurate and Compact High Power Monocycle Pulse Transmitter for Microwave Ultra-Wideband Radar Sensors with an enhanced SRD model: Applications for Distance Measurement for lossy materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Y. Ahajjam ◽  
O. Aghzout ◽  
J. M. Catala-Civera ◽  
F. Peñaranda-Foix ◽  
A. Driouach
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Gaussian Pulse ◽  
Pulse Generators ◽  
Radar Sensors ◽  
Output Amplitude ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Lossy Materials

In This paper, a high power sub-nanosecond pulse transmitter for Ultra-wideband radar sensor is presented. The backbone of the generator is considered as a step recovery diode and unique pulse injected into the circuit, which gives rise to an ultra-wide band Gaussian pulse. The transistor driver and transmission line pulse forming the whole network are investigated in detail.  The main purpose of this work is to transform a square waveform signal to a driving pulse with the timing and the amplitude parameters required by the SRD to form an output Gaussian pulse, and then into high monocycle pulses. In simulation aspect, an improved output response is required, in this way a new model of step recovery diode has been proposed as a sharpener circuit. This proposition was applied to increase the rise-time of the pulses. For a good range radar, a high amplitude pulse is indispensable, especially when it comes to penetrate thick lossy materiel.  In order to overcome this challenge, a simple technique and useful solution is introduced to increase the output amplitude of the transmitter. This technique consists to connect the outputs of two identical pulse generators in parallel respecting the restrictions required. The pulse transmitter circuit is completely fabricated using micro-strip structure technology characteristics. Waveforms of the generated monocycle pulses over 10V in amplitude with 3.5 % in overshoot have been obtained. Good agreement has been achieved between measurement and simulation results.

scholarly journals Safety Aspects of People Exposed to Ultra Wideband Radar Fields

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cavagnaro ◽  
Stefano Pisa ◽  
Erika Pittella
Keyword(s):  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Safety Aspects ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Multilayered Body ◽  
Spatial Environment ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Analytical Approaches

The safety aspects of people exposed to the field emitted by ultra wideband (UWB) radar, operating both in the spatial environment and on ground, for breath activity monitoring are analyzed. The basic restrictions and reference levels reported in the ICNIRP safety guideline are considered, and the compliance of electromagnetic fields radiated by a UWB radar with these limits is evaluated. First, simplified analytical approaches are used; then, both a 3-dimensional multilayered body model and an anatomical model of the head have been used to better evaluate the electromagnetic absorption when a UWB antenna is placed in front of the head. The obtained results show that if the field emitted by the UWB radar is compliant with spatial and/or ground emission masks, then both reference levels and basic restrictions are largely satisfied.

scholarly journals Applications of TVF-EMD in Vital Signal Detection for UWB Radar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Chi Ma ◽  
Qingjie Qi ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Vital Signs ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Continuous Wavelet ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Sign Detection ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Echo Radar ◽  
Emd Method

When using pulsed ultra-wideband radar (UWB) noncontact detection technology to detect vital signs, weak vital signs echo signals are often covered by various noises, making human targets unable to identify and locate. To solve this problem, a new method for vital sign detection is proposed which is based on impulse ultra-wideband (UWB) radar. The range is determined based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) of the variance of the received signals. In addition, the TVF-EMD method is used to obtain the information of respiration and heartbeat frequency. Fifteen sets of experiments were carried out, and the echo radar signals of 5 volunteers at 3 different distances were collected. The analysis results of the measured data showed that the proposed algorithm can accurately and effectively extract the distance to the target human and its vital signs information, which shows vast prospects in research and application.

scholarly journals A Nondestructive Testing Method for the Determination of the Complex Refractive Index Using Ultra Wideband Radar in Industrial Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3161
Author(s):  
Vipin Choudhary ◽  
Daniel Rönnow
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Reflection Measurement ◽  
Wideband Radar ◽  
Frequency Domain Techniques

An ultra-wide band radar reflection measurement technique for industrial applications is introduced. A new method for determining the complex refractive index (or equivalently the relative permittivity) of objects with planar interfaces is presented. The object thickness can also be obtained experimentally. The method is a combination of time and frequency domain techniques. The objects can be finite in size and at a finite distance. The limits in size and distance for the method to be valid are experimentally investigated. The method is relatively insensitive to hardware impairments such as frequency dependence of antennas and analog front end. The method is designed for industrial in-line measurements on objects on conveyor belts. Results are presented for solid wood and wood chips; the complex refractive index is determined in the frequency range 0.5 to 2.0 GHz for the moisture content of 3.6–10% for solid wood and 30–50% for wood chips. Polarimetric measurements are used; wood and wood chips are anisotropic.

scholarly journals Feasibility of non-contact cardiorespiratory monitoring using impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar in the neonatal intensive care unit

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243939
Author(s):  
Won Hyuk Lee ◽  
Yonggu Lee ◽  
Jae Yoon Na ◽  
Seung Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyun Ju Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Impulse Radio ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Impedance Pneumography ◽  
Wideband Radar

Background Current cardiorespiratory monitoring equipment can cause injuries and infections in neonates with fragile skin. Impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar was recently demonstrated to be an effective contactless vital sign monitor in adults. The purpose of this study was to assess heart rates (HRs) and respiratory rates (RRs) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) using IR-UWB radar and to evaluate its accuracy and reliability compared to conventional electrocardiography (ECG)/impedance pneumography (IPG). Methods The HR and RR were recorded in 34 neonates between 3 and 72 days of age during minimal movement (51 measurements in total) using IR-UWB radar (HRRd, RRRd) and ECG/IPG (HRECG, RRIPG) simultaneously. The radar signals were processed in real time using algorithms for neonates. Radar and ECG/IPG measurements were compared using concordance correlation coefficients (CCCs) and Bland-Altman plots. Results From the 34 neonates, 12,530 HR samples and 3,504 RR samples were measured. Both the HR and RR measured using the two methods were highly concordant when the neonates had minimal movements (CCC = 0.95 between the RRRd and RRIPG, CCC = 0.97 between the HRRd and HRECG). In the Bland-Altman plot, the mean biases were 0.17 breaths/min (95% limit of agreement [LOA] -7.0–7.3) between the RRRd and RRIPG and -0.23 bpm (95% LOA -5.3–4.8) between the HRRd and HRECG. Moreover, the agreement for the HR and RR measurements between the two modalities was consistently high regardless of neonate weight. Conclusions A cardiorespiratory monitor using IR-UWB radar may provide accurate non-contact HR and RR estimates without wires and electrodes for neonates in the NICU.

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