scholarly journals Clinical experience of evaluation of intoxication level and endogenous antioxidant system dynamics in patients with acute peritonitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. O. Mihenko
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Acute Peritonitis ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

<p>The results of 123 patients with acute peritonitis were analyzed. All patients were operated in toxic and terminal<br />phases. The indicators of intoxication and enzyme activity of antioxidant system were estimated within 6 hours, 1 and<br />3 days after surgery treatment. As result of this investigation was confirmation that one of the factors homeostasis<br />violations in peritonitis is activation of peroxide lipid – diene conjugates, TBA-active products in the blood and reduce<br />the activity of antioxidant system – glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and<br />glutathione reductase as main branch of antiradikal and antiperoxidative protection.</p>

scholarly journals Features of therapy of alcoholic liver disease in persons of young age

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
R. G. Myazin ◽  
D. N. Emel’yanov
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diene Conjugates ◽  
Treatment Regimens

The aim of this study was to study the eff ects of using the infusion drug Remaxol in young patients with alcoholic liver disease.Materials and methods: the clinical and laboratory data of 80 young patients with alcoholic liver disease were analyzed, divided depending on the treatment regimen into 2 groups: the main (n = 44) who received Remaxol according to the scheme: 400 ml iv, drip, at a rate 40–60 drops per minute daily, course No. 5–10, and control (n = 36) — received basic therapy. In all patients, the dynamics in blood serum was studied: lipid peroxidation indices (malondialdehyde, diene conjugates), antioxidant protection enzymes (catalase, SOD, glutathione peroxidase), markers of cytolysis, cholestasis and lipid metabolism.Results: initially there was a significant increase in lipid peroxidation processes, accompanied by slight stimulation of the antioxidant system of the liver and pronounced signs of cytolysis and cholestasis. The inclusion of Remaxol in treatment regimens leads to a significant decrease in the level of malondialdehyde and diene conjugates, and the restoration of the antioxidant system (increase in catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase). At the same time, a marked decrease in the syndromes of cytolysis and cholestasis was noted, which was accompanied by an improvement in the condition of the patients: cessation of nausea, restoration of appetite and sleep, and improvement of well-being.

scholarly journals Вплив хлориду кадмію на стан антиоксидантної системи у печінці щурів

2013 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
Б. В. Гутий
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Cadmium Chloride

Розкрито особливості антиоксидантної системиорганізму щурів за хронічного кадмієвого токсикозу.Встановлено, що хлорид кадмію у токсичній дозісприяє зниженню активності ферментної й нефер-ментної системи антиоксидантного захисту, на щовказує зниження ферментів глутатіонпероксидази,глутатіонредуктази, супероксиддисмутази, катала-зи та відновленого глутатіону у печінці щурів. Ре-зультати досліджень вказують на те, що хронічнийкадмієвий токсикоз призводить до посиленої акти-вації процесів ліпопероксидації. The features of the antioxidant system of rats with chronic cadmium toxicosiare disclosed. It wasresearched that cadmium chloride in toxic doses reduces enzyme activity of antioxidant system, asindicated by the decrease in enzyme glutathione peroxidase, hlutationreduktazy, superoxide dismutase,catalase and restored glutathione in the liver and blood of rats. The results indicate that chroniccadmium toxicosis leads to enhanced activation of lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes in spermatozoa in patients with pathospermia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. K. Onufrovych ◽  
R. V. Fafula ◽  
Io. A. Nakonechnyi ◽  
D. Z. Vorobets ◽  
U. P. Iefremova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Glutathione Antioxidant System ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Glutathione Reductase Activity

The results of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in spermatozoa of patients with different forms pathospermia are presented in the paper. It was shown that glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in sperm cells of patients is reduced in comparison with healthy men with preserved fertility. However, the most expressed changes in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase are in spermatozoa of infertile men with associated forms patospermia and leucospermia. These changes indicate exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms of glutathione antioxidant system in the sperm cells of infertile men with pahospermia.

Role of oxidative stress and thiol antioxidant enzymes in nickel toxicity and resistance in strains of the green alga Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varinder K Randhawa ◽  
Fengzhen Zhou ◽  
Xiaolei Jin ◽  
Czesia Nalewajko ◽  
Donn J Kushner
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Sensitive Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Scenedesmus Acutus ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Treatment with Ni(NO3)2 leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the green alga Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans, causing lipid peroxidation. This effect was stronger in a Ni-sensitive strain, UTEX72, than in a Ni-resistant strain, B4. In the resistant strain, Ni induced an increased ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG), whereas it caused a lowered ratio in the sensitive strain. Enzymes involved in the control of ROS were studied in these strains as well as two others that have shown different degrees of nickel resistance. The resistant strain, B4, which grows while containing large amounts of internal Ni, had much higher levels of glutathione reductase and catalase than the other strains. The sensitive strain, UTEX72, had higher levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase than did strain B4. The resistant strains, Ni-Tol and Cu-Tol, derived from strain UTEX72, which are partly able to exclude Ni, had enzyme profiles that resembled that of UTEX72 more closely than that of B4. Treatment with 10 and 100 µM Ni for 4 or 22 h had complex effects on enzyme levels in all four strains. Ni decreased glutathione reductase in B4, slightly increased it in Ni-Tol and Cu-Tol, and did not affect the low levels of this enzyme in UTEX72. Ni lowered glutathione peroxidase in B4 and either did not affect it or slightly raised it in the other strains. Ni lowered catalase in B4 and did not affect the other strains. Superoxide dismutase was raised in B4 and Ni-Tol and lowered in Cu-Tol and UTEX72, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was lowered in all four strains. These results suggest that one major mechanism of Ni resistance, especially in strain B4, may be the ability to combat the formation of ROS when exposed to this metal, likely by maintaining a high GSH:GSSG ratio.Key words: Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, nickel, reactive oxygen species.

scholarly journals БІОЛОГІЧНЕ ЗНАЧЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ЗАХИСТУ ОРГАНІЗМУ ТВАРИН

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(66)) ◽  
pp. 100-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
I.S. Varkholyak ◽  
T.V. Martyschuk ◽  
Z.А. Guta ◽  
L.B. Ivankiv
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

In the review of  the literature it was generalized the data due to the classification and characterization of antioxidant protection system of animals body. This model combines a number of different by its nature substances. Each of the components of the antioxidant system operates in close relationship with its other structural elements, harmoniously, and in many cases complements and in many cases - enhances the action of each other. Glutathione system forms functional basis of antioxidant defense system, constituent elements of which has its own glutathione and enzymes, which catalyze the reaction of its reverse transformation (oxidation ↔ recovery). Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase are attributed to these enzymes.Most researchers conventionally distributed antioxidant defense system in enzyme and non-enzyme. Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase and other enzymes are included to enzymatic link of antioxidant defense system. Fat-soluble vitamins A, E and K, water-soluble vitamins C and PP, biogenic amines, glutathione, carotenoids, ubiquinone, sterols are included to  non-enzyme system. As the enzyme, as non-enzyme antioxidant defense system is present in the bloodstream. The activity of enzymatic antioxidant system is well regulated and depends on the age of the animals, physiological condition, the dynamics of hormone, synthesis intensity of antioxidant enzyme, pH  medium, the presence of coenzymes, inhibitors, activators, and other factors. Non-enzyme link of antioxidant system does not need so many regulators as the most chemical substance - antioxidant - enters into chemical reaction with the radical. The rate of reaction may be only changed.

scholarly journals Methemoglobinemia associated with loxoscelism

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Orlando C. de O. Barreto ◽  
Domingos M. de Cillo ◽  
Kimiyo Nonoyama ◽  
Luci C. Antonio ◽  
Pasquale Morena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Crude Venom ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Haptoglobin ◽  
Cutaneous Form ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

In twenty five patients who presented the cutaneous form of loxoscelism, serum haptoglobin and lactic dehydrogenase, erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, bilirubin and reticulocytes were investigated after bite. No hemolysis was detected but an increase in methemoglobin was found in 54% of the cases; in 7% it was between 1.1% and 2%, in 27% it ranged from 2.1% to 4%, and in 20% from 4.1% to 8%. Blood samples of a normal, blood group 0 individual and of a patient who exhibited methemoglobinemia after Loxosceles bite were incubated separately with antisera against Loxosceles gaucho, Crotalus terrificus, Bothrops jararaca, with Loxosceles gaucho venom and 0.3% phenol. No methemoglobin was found after 1, 4,8 and 15 days in both sets of samples. At the 25th day all the samples, including the controls, exhibited similar methemoglobin reductase decrease. The data suggest that the methemoglobinemia which occurs in 50% of the patients probably arises from in vivo venom metabolism, inasmuch as the crude venom does not induce methemoglobinemia.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in goldfish Carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (1) ◽  
pp. R100-R107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr I. Lushchak ◽  
Ludmyla P. Lushchak ◽  
Alice A. Mota ◽  
Marcelo Hermes-Lima
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Biochemical Mechanism ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the response of the antioxidant system of goldfish Carassius auratus during anoxia and reoxygenation. The exposure of goldfish to 8 h of anoxia induced a 14% decrease in total glutathione levels in the kidney, although the liver, brain, and muscle were unaffected. Anoxia also resulted in increases in the activities of liver catalase, brain glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and brain glutathione peroxidase (by 38, 26, and 79%, respectively) and a decrease in kidney catalase activity (by 17.5%). After 14 h of reoxygenation, liver catalase and brain glutathione peroxidase activities remained higher than controls and several other tissue-specific changes occurred in enzyme activities. Superoxide dismutase activity was unaffected by anoxia and reoxygenation. The levels of conjugated dienes, as indicators of lipid peroxidation, increased by 114% in liver after 1 h of reoxygenation and by 75% in brain after 14 h of reoxygenation. Lipid peroxidation was unaffected in kidney and depressed during anoxia and reoxygenation (by 44–61%) in muscle. Regulation of the goldfish antioxidant system during anoxia may constitute a biochemical mechanism that minimizes oxidative stress following reoxygenation.

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