Effect of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of early determinants on adolescent fat-free mass. METHODS: A c ohort s tudy w ith 5 79 a dolescents e valuated a t b irth a nd a dolescence i n a birth cohort in São Luís, Maranhão. In the proposed model, estimated by structural equation modeling, socioeconomic status (SES) at birth, maternal age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), gestational smoking, gestational weight gain, type of delivery, gestational age, sex of the newborn, length and weight at birth, adolescent socioeconomic status, “neither study/nor work” generation, adolescent physical activity level and alcohol consumption were tested as early determinants of adolescent fat-free mass (FFM). RESULTS: A higher pregestational BMI resulted in higher FFM in adolescence (Standardized Coefficient, SC = 0.152; p < 0.001). Being female implied a lower FFM in adolescence (SC = -0.633; p < 0.001). The negative effect of gender on FFM was direct (SC = -0.523; p < 0.001), but there was an indirect negative effect via physical activity level (SC = -0.085; p < 0.001). Women were less active (p < 0.001). An increase of 0.5 kg (1 Standard Deviation, SD) in birth weight led to a gain of 0.25 kg/m2 (0.106 SD) in adolescent FFM index (p = 0.034). Not studying or working had a negative effect on the adolescent’s FFM (SC = -0.106; p = 0.015). Elevation of 1 SD in the adolescent’s physical activity level represented an increase of 0.5 kg/m2 (0.207 SD) in FFM index (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The early determinants with the greatest effects on adolescent FFM are gender, adolescent physical activity level, pregestational BMI, birth weight and belonging to the “neither-nor” generation.

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A structural equation model of the relation between socioeconomic status, physical activity level, independence and health status in older Iranian people

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics ◽

10.1016/j.archger.2017.01.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 123-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zahra Mosallanezhad ◽

Gholam Reza Sotoudeh ◽

Göran Jutengren ◽

Mahyar Salavati ◽

Karin Harms-Ringdahl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Status ◽

Structural Equation Model ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Activity Level

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Relationship between generalized joint hypermobility, socioeconomic status and physical activity level in Iranian school students

Koomesh journal ◽

10.29252/koomesh.22.1.114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 114-121

Author(s):

Azam Beyk Zadeh ◽

Ali Jahan ◽

Turaj Hashemi ◽

Maryam Moghadam Salimi ◽

Mandana Rezaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Joint Hypermobility ◽

Activity Level ◽

School Students ◽

Generalized Joint Hypermobility

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The Importance of Parents’ Income and Education Level in Relation to Their Preschool Children’s Activity Level at Leisure

Children ◽

10.3390/children8090733 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 733

Author(s):

Oda Malmo ◽

Karin Kippe ◽

Pål Lagestad

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Education Level ◽

Activity Level ◽

Full Time ◽

The Relationship ◽

Children’S Physical Activity ◽

Parents Education

Previous research indicate that socioeconomic status positively corresponds with adults’ and adolescents’ physical activity levels. This study investigated the relationship between parents’ education and income, and preschool children’s physical activity level. A total of 244 Norwegian preschool children aged four to six and their parents were enrolled in the study. The children wore an Actigraph GT1M accelerometer for seven consecutive days to measure their physical activity level. Parents completed a questionnaire that provided information about their education level and income level. To examine the relationship between the parents’ education and income and their children’s physical activity level at leisure, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was conducted. The results revealed that neither mothers’ nor fathers’ education level or income, were associated with their children’s minutes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at leisure. The preschool curriculum of Norway may be one explanation why socioeconomic status was not linked to physical activity in this study. Another possibility is that this study was limited to full-time students with two parents. More research is needed to determine whether parent income or education is linked to physical activity among more diverse or older children in Norway.

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Influence of habitual physical activity on gastric emptying in healthy males and relationships with body composition and energy expenditure

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114515002044 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 114 (3) ◽

pp. 489-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Katy M. Horner ◽

Nuala M. Byrne ◽

Geoffrey J. Cleghorn ◽

Neil A. King

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Activity Level ◽

Habitual Physical Activity ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Lower Percentage

Although a number of studies have examined the role of gastric emptying (GE) in obesity, the influences of habitual physical activity level, body composition and energy expenditure (EE) on GE have received very little consideration. In the present study, we compared GE in active and inactive males, and characterised relationships with body composition (fat mass and fat-free mass) and EE. A total of forty-four males (activen22, inactiven22; BMI 21–36 kg/m2; percentage of fat mass 9–42 %) were studied, with GE of a standardised (1676 kJ) pancake meal being assessed by the [13C]octanoic acid breath test, body composition by air displacement plethysmography, RMR by indirect calorimetry, and activity EE (AEE) by accelerometry. The results showed that GE was faster in active compared with inactive males (mean half-time (t1/2): active 157 (sd18) and inactive 179 (sd21) min,P< 0·001). When data from both groups were pooled, GEt1/2was associated with percentage of fat mass (r0·39,P< 0·01) and AEE (r− 0·46,P< 0·01). After controlling for habitual physical activity status, the association between AEE and GE remained, but not that for percentage of fat mass and GE. BMI and RMR were not associated with GE. In summary, faster GE is considered to be a marker of a habitually active lifestyle in males, and is associated with a higher AEE level and a lower percentage of fat mass. The possibility that GE contributes to a gross physiological regulation (or dysregulation) of food intake with physical activity level deserves further investigation.

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Comparisons of a Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis to the Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in Healthy Young Adults Depending on their Physical Activity Level

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.1515/hukin-2015-0063 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Julien Verney ◽

Chloé Schwartz ◽

Saliha Amiche ◽

Bruno Pereira ◽

David Thivel

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Adults ◽

Body Composition ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Activity Level ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

X Ray

AbstractThis study aimed at comparing BIA and DXA results in assessing body composition in young adults depending on their physical activity level. Eighty healthy 19-30 years old subjects were enrolled and their body composition (Fat Mass and Fat-Free Mass) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and by a newly developed Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA - Tanita MC780). A seven-day physical activity level was assessed using a 3-axial accelerometer. DXA-FM% and BIA-FM% were correlated (p<0.001; r= 0.852; ICC [IC95%]: 0.84 [0.75 – 0.90]; concordance coefficient: 0.844). DXA-FFM and BIA FFM were correlated (p<0.001; r=0.976; ICC [IC95%]: 0.95 [0.93 – 0.97], concordance coefficient: 0.955). DXA and BIA measurements of FM% and FFM were highly correlated in both boys and girls regardless of the physical activity level. Compared with DXA scans, newly developed bioelectrical impedance analyzers provide satisfactory fat mass and lean mass measures in healthy young women and men, despite their physical activity level.

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Impacts of Individual Daily Greenspace Exposure on Health Based on Individual Activity Space and Structural Equation Modeling

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102323 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2323 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Lin Zhang ◽

Suhong Zhou ◽

Mei-Po Kwan ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Rongping Lin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Activity Level ◽

Activity Space ◽

Social Health ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Individual Activity ◽

Mediating Role

Previous studies on the effects of greenspace exposure on health are largely based on static contextual units, such as residential neighborhoods, and other administrative units. They tend to ignore the spatiotemporal dynamics of individual daily greenspace exposure and the mediating effects of specific activity type (such as physical activity). Therefore, this study examines individual daily greenspace exposure while taking into account people’s daily mobility and the mediating role of physical activity between greenspace exposure and health. Specifically, using survey data collected in Guangzhou, China, and high-resolution remote sensing images, individual activity space for a weekday is delineated and used to measure participants’ daily greenspace exposure. Structural equation modeling is then applied to analyze the direct effects of individual daily greenspace exposure on health and its indirect effects through the mediating variable of physical activity. The results show that daily greenspace exposure directly influences individual health and also indirectly affects participants’ health status through physical activity. With respect to the total effects, daily greenspace exposure helps improve participants’ mental health and contributes to promoting their social health. It also helps improve participants’ physical health, although to a lesser extent. In general, the higher the daily greenspace exposure, the higher the physical activity level and the better the overall health (including physical, mental, and social health).

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Socioeconomic status, birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and adiposity in early adult life: an analysis using structural equation modeling

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2010000100003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 15-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽

Ana Glória Godoi Vasconcelos ◽

Heloisa Bettiol ◽

Marco Antonio Barbieri

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Adult Population ◽

Adult Life ◽

Likelihood Estimation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Smoking During Pregnancy ◽

Early Adult Life

We describe here an example of structural equation modeling in epidemiology. The association between birth weight and adiposity in early adult life, adjusted for the number of cigarettes smoked during pregnancy and socioeconomic status at birth, was evaluated. Data involving 2,063 adults from the 1978/1979 Ribeirão Preto cohort study were used. Adiposity was measured by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and the sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds (STSS). Models were submitted to maximum likelihood estimation, separately for men and women. Birth weight had a small and significant effect on adiposity in men (standardized coefficient, SC = 0.08) and women (SC = 0.09). Smoking during pregnancy did not influence adiposity in men (SC = 0.004), but its effect was marginally significant in women (SC = 0.07; P = 0.056). Socioeconomic status at birth had a small and positive effect on adiposity in men (SC = 0.08) and a moderate and negative effect in women (SC = -0.16). In this young adult population, BMI, WC and STSS used alone or in combination were valid estimators of body adiposity.

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Perceptions of Peer Relationships and Physical Activity Participation in Early Adolescence

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.21.4.329 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 329-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Alan L. Smith

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Peer Relationships ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Peer Acceptance ◽

Theoretical Perspective ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Alternative Models ◽

Adolescent Physical Activity ◽

Self Worth ◽

Physical Activity Motivation

This study tested a model describing the relationships among perceptions of peer relationships, physical self-worth, affective responses toward physical activity, and physical activity motivation. The model was grounded in Harter’s (1978,1981a, 1986,1987) theoretical perspective, proposing that perceptions of peer relationships (i.e., friendship, peer acceptance) would predict physical activity motivation via affect and physical self-worth. Adolescents (N = 418, ages 12–15 years) completed a battery of questionnaires that assessed the study variables. Results of structural equation modeling analyses supported the overall model and most of the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among variables for both female and male samples. Examination of alternative models suggested that some expected relationships might have been suppressed by a high correlation between the friendship and peer-acceptance constructs. However, alternative models also showed that these constructs independently contribute to predicting motivational variables. The results illustrate the importance of peer relationships to adolescent physical activity motivation.

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