scholarly journals Spiders of Kerala Agricultural University Campus, Thrissur, Kerala, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 8288 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Adarsh ◽  
P. O. Nameer
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Orb Web

<p>A total of 86 species of spiders belonging to 56 genera of 20 families have been recorded from the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) campus, Thrissur, Kerala, southern India.  This represents 5.1% of the total spiders’ species and 33.33% of the total families of spiders recorded in India.  The dominant spider family at KAU campus is Araneidae with 18 species of nine genera. Salticidae is represented by 14 species of 13 genera.  Out of 252 endemic spiders of India, 16 have been reported from KAU campus.  Guild structure analysis shows spiders belonging to seven types of feeding guilds present in KAU campus.  Orb-web builders are the dominant feeding guild accounting for 34%, followed by stalkers (22%), ground runners (20%), ambushers (8%), scattered line weavers (8%), foliage runners (7%) and sheet-web builders (1%).</p><div> </div>

scholarly journals Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Gujarat University Campus, Ahmedabad, India with additional description of Eilica tikaderi (Platnick, 1976)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 9327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv A. Prajapati ◽  
Krunal R. Patel ◽  
Sandeep B. Munjpara ◽  
Shiva S. Chettiar ◽  
Devendrasinh D. Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
First Time

We report a checklist of spiders based on a survey made from August 2013 to July 2014 in Gujarat University Campus, an urban area located in the middle of Ahmadabad City, Gujarat State. A total of 77 species of spiders belonging to 53 genera and 20 families of spiders were recorded from the study area represented by 31.74% of the total 63 families reported from India. Salticidae was found to be the most dominant family with 18 species from 14 genera. Guild structure analysis revealed six feeding guilds, namely stalkers, orb-web builders, space-web builders, ambushers, foliage hunters and ground runners. Stalkers and orb-web builders were the most dominant feeding guilds representing 28.58% and 20.78% respectively among all studied guilds. Species Eilica tikaderi (Platnick, 1976) is reported for the first time from Gujarat with additional description and detailed genitalic illustrations.

Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from the vicinity of Araabath Lake, Chennai, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15186-15193
Author(s):  
John T.D. Caleb
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Orb Web

This study documents the spider fauna in the vicinity of a suburban lake (Araabath Lake) in Chennai.  A total of 70 species of spiders belonging to 58 genera and 21 families were recorded.  Seven species are endemic to India and six are endemic to India and Sri Lanka.  Salticidae was the most dominant with 24 species belonging to 19 genera.  Guild structure analysis revealed seven feeding guilds of which, stalkers and orb-web weavers were the dominant feeding guilds followed by ground runners and ambushers, respectively. 

scholarly journals A diversity of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from a cashew ecosystem in Kerala, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 16879-16884
Author(s):  
Mamparambath Subramanian Smitha ◽  
Ambalaparambil V. Sudhikumar
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Species Being

An exhaustive study was conducted to document spider fauna in cashew orchards of the Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara, Kerala, India from January 2015 to July 2017.  A total of 63 species of spiders under 52 genera belonging to 14 families were recorded.  The most species-rich families were Salticidae and Araneidae representing 33 and 27 per cent, respectively, of the total spider fauna.  A guild structure analysis revealed six feeding guilds, viz.: stalkers, orb-web builders, foliage runners, scattered line weavers, ground runners, and ambushers.  The occurrence of spiders was at a maximum during the monsoon with 59 species, followed by 26 during winter, 16 species during summer, and eight species being present all-round the year.  

scholarly journals The impact of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed on feeding guilds of birds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Grzędzicka ◽  
Jiří Reif
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPlant invasions alter bird community composition worldwide, but the underlying mechanisms still require exploration. The investigation of feeding guild structure of bird communities can be informative in respect to the potential impact of invasion features on the availability of food for birds. For this purpose, we focused on determining the influence of the invasive Sosnowsky’s Hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi on the abundance of birds from various feeding guilds. In spring and summer 2019, birds were counted three times on 52 pairs of sites (control + Heracleum) in southern Poland, at various stages of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed development (i.e. sprouting, full growth and flowering, all corresponding to respective bird counts). We have shown that the presence of invader negatively affected the abundance of birds from all feeding guilds. However, a closer examination of the invaded sites uncovered that responses of particular guilds differed in respect to development stages expressed by a set of characteristics of the invader. Ground and herb insectivores were more common on plots with a higher number of the invader, while the abundance of bush and tree insectivores was negatively correlated with hogweeds’ height. Granivores were not affected by the invader’s features, while the abundance of omnivores was negatively related to the number of flowering hogweeds. Besides showing the general negative impact of the invader on different feeding guilds, our research has shown that certain aspects of Sosnowsky’s Hogweed invasion may support or depress occurrence of different birds on invaded plots. Knowledge of these aspects may facilitate our capacity for coping with challenges the invasive plants put in front of bird conservationists.

scholarly journals Preliminary checklist of spider fauna (Araneae: Arachnida) of Chandranath Hill, Goa, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 16597-16606
Author(s):  
Rupali Pandit ◽  
Mangirish Dharwadkar
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
The Future ◽  
Preliminary Study

The present investigation is a very first attempt to generate the checklist of spiders from Chandranath Hill, Paroda, Quepem, Goa.  A preliminary study was conducted from June 2018 to March 2020 to document the spider diversity from the region.  In all, 125 species of spiders belonging to 102 genera from 19 families were identified.  The dominant families were Salticidae followed by Araneidae.  Guild structure analysis revealed six feeding guilds, namely, orb weavers, foliage runners, ground runners, stalkers, space-web builders and ambushers.  This study has not only highlighted the need for conservation of this ecosystem due to the significant species diversity and endemic species but has also filled the lacuna of spider study in Goa to form the foundation for further investigation.  Extensive research on the spiders from Chandranath Hill in the future can certainly expect further new discoveries.  

scholarly journals A preliminary checklist of spiders (Araneae: Arachnida) in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8703 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Adarsh ◽  
P. O. Nameer
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Endemic Genera ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Kerala State

A preliminary study was conducted to document spider diversity in Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Idukki District, Kerala State in southern India.  The study was conducted from October to November 2012.  A total of 101 species of spiders belonging to 65 genera from 29 families were identified from the sanctuary.  This accounted for 6.98% of Indian spider species, 17.81% of Indian spider genera and 48.33% of the spider families of India.  The dominant families were Lycosidae (11 species) and Araneidae (10).  Two endemic genera of Indian spiders such as Annandaliella and Neoheterophrictus were found at Chinnar, each representing one species each, and belonging to the family Theraphosidae.  A guild structure analysis of the spiders revealed seven feeding guilds such as orb weavers, stalkers, ground runners, foliage runners, sheet web builders, space web builders and ambushers. 

scholarly journals Spider Diversity in Kavvayi River Basin, Kerala, Southern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Alex Chembakassery Jose ◽  
Puthoor Pattammal Sudhin ◽  
Prejith Madasseril Prasad ◽  
Kalpuzha Ashtamoorthy Sreejith
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Faunal Diversity ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Preliminary Study

Kavvayi river basin is a typical lateritic biotope situated in the Northern part of Kerala, which holds various ecological units such as lateritic vegetation, agro-ecosystems, seasonal pools, Grass lands, Kanams, Sacred groves, Mangrove marsh and riparian vegetation. Many of these microhabitats are unique in character and poorly documented. A preliminary study was conducted to document the diversity of spider fauna inhabiting in the different ecosystems of Kavvayi river basins. India is having 1,686 species of spiders belonging to 60 families and 438 genera, which constitutes 3.6% of world’s spider population. The present study resulted in the documentation of 112 species of spiders belonging to 81 genera and 21 families. Araneidae was the most dominant family which constitutes 21.5% of the total spider species collected. The second dominant family was Salticidae which constitutes 19.5% of total spider population. Guild structure analysis of the collected spiders revealed seven feeding guilds, namely stalkers, orb web builders, ambushers, foliage runners, space web builders, ground runners and wandering sheet weavers. The spider fauna of this ecosystem is qualitatively rich due to varied microhabitats, which supports high floral and faunal diversity. The present study suggests a detailed investigation at ecosystem level to understand the role of spiders in ecosystem function.

scholarly journals Effect of Farming and Rainfall on the Species Diversity, Population Density and Community Structure of Birds Breeding in the Kalahari Woodland, NE Namibia

Zoodiversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-458
Author(s):  
G. Kopij
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Turtle Dove

The line transect method has been employed to assess species diversity, population densities and community structure of birds breeding in a mosaic of Kalahari Woodland and farmland, NE Namibia. The transect, 4.5 km long, was surveyed in 2014 and 2015. The total annual rainfall in 2014 was much higher than in 2015 (427 mm vs. 262 mm). In total, 40 breeding species in 2014, and 46 in 2015 were recorded. Six species were dominant in 2014 (Cape Turtle Dove, Laughing Dove, Emerald-spotted Dove, Blue Waxbill, and White-browed Scrub Robin) and only three species in 2015 (Cape Turtle Dove and Blue Waxbill and Yellow-fronted Canary). Although the cumulative dominance in 2014 almost doubled that in 2015, the Community Index in both years was almost identical. Also diversity indices and evenness index were very similar in both years compared. Granivorous birds were the most numerous feeding guild. Their contribution was similar in 2014 and 2015 (46.7 % vs. 43.4 %). Two other feeding guilds, insectivores and frugivores, comprised together more than 50 % in both years. The number of bird species and species diversity were not influenced by the differential rainfall. However, contrary to expectations, population densities of most bird species (at least the more numerous ones) were higher in the year with lower than in the year with higher rainfall. The number of species and species diversity was similar in the farmland and in neighbouring Kalahari Woodland in a pristine stage. However, population densities of most species were lower in the farmland than in the pristine woodland.

Environmental effects on the structure of polychaete feeding guilds on the beaches of Sepetiba Bay, south-eastern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Mattos ◽  
Ricardo S. Cardoso ◽  
André Souza Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Sandy Beaches ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Beach Sediment ◽  
Sepetiba Bay ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Macrofauna Communities

Several studies have been conducted to explain patterns of the abundance, richness and diversity of sandy-beach macrofauna; however, such analyses have ignored the overall functional structure of macrofauna communities. Few studies have examined polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beach environments. To examine the effects of environmental factors on polychaete feeding guilds on sandy beaches, 12 sandy beaches from five islands in Sepetiba Bay were sampled. A total of 24 polychaete morphospecies, grouped among 21 families, were identified in these sandy beaches. The polychaete species were classified into 10 feeding guilds, and the SDT guild (suspended-deposit feeders, discretely motile, with tentacles) was the most abundant feeding guild, with 34.2% of total number of organisms. The highest trophic importance index and index of trophic diversity values were recorded on the sheltered beaches. A canonical correspondence analysis showed that the exposure rate, beach length, and grain size of the beach sediment significantly affected the polychaete feeding guild distribution and abundance. We can conclude that sheltered beaches have a higher diversity of feeding guilds than exposed beaches and that the biological descriptors of the feeding guilds are directly associated with the grain size of the sediment.

Helminth community structure and pattern in two allopatric populations of a nonmigratory waterfowl species (Anas fulvigula)

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Fedynich ◽  
Danny B. Pence ◽  
Paul N. Gray ◽  
James F. Bergan
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Recurrent Group ◽  
Mottled Duck ◽  
Anas Fulvigula ◽  
Group Members

Helminth communities of mottled ducks (Anas fulvigula) from Florida and Texas were species rich and diverse. The helminth component community in the mottled duck population from Texas contained more species than were found in the Florida host population. However, infracommunities of birds from Florida and Texas contained 9.5 ± 0.7 (mean ± SE) and 9.3 + 0.7 species, respectively. Similarity indices indicated less commonality of helminth species between the 2 host populations; 23 of the 42 species found across the 2 populations co-occurred. Eight helminth species from each host population were recurrent group or associate members; however, only 3 species (Amidostomum acutum, Capillaria contorta, and Tetrameres spp.) maintained group membership across both host populations. Maritrema paracadiae and Psilochasmus oxyurus were absent in birds from Florida but were recurrent group members in the host population from Texas. Only 2 recurrent group members (A. acutum and Epomidiostomum uncinatum) in birds from Florida were members of the same feeding guild and shared the same microhabitat. Three distinct feeding guilds, each containing 2 species, were found in birds from Texas. Results suggest that habitat diversity of the host plays an important part in determining species richness; however, important helminth species in both mottled duck populations are those commonly found in other Anatini from North America.

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