scholarly journals Anaesthetic, clinical, morphometric, haematological, and serum chemistry evaluations of an Andean Cat Leopardus jacobita (Cornalia, 1865) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) before release in Bolivia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 17235-17244
Author(s):  
L. Fabián Beltrán-Saavedra ◽  
Rolando Limachi Quiñajo ◽  
Grace Ledezma ◽  
Daniela Morales-Moreno ◽  
M. Lilian Villalba
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Ideal Condition ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Immobilization ◽  
Subadult Male ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Physiological Values ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The Andean Cat Leopardus jacobita, one of the most rare and endangered feline species in the world, is distributed from central Peru to central Argentina.  The aim of this study was to evaluate the health and morphometry of a subadult male Andean Cat that was rescued from wildlife trade in Bolivia and held captive for 165 days before being released back into its natural habitat.  Physical immobilizations followed by anaesthesia using ketamine hydrochloride (KH) and xylazine hydrochloride (XH) were performed to obtain clinical, morphometric, haematological and serum chemical parameters.  Physical immobilizations were efficient using capture nets.  The combination of KH + XH had an average initial sedation effect within 12min with a range of 10–16 min after intramuscular application.  Anaesthetic average plane lasted 41.7min with a range of 40–45 min and was extended to 64.5min (63–66 min range) with an addition of KH.  The individual was underweight on arrival and gradually reached an ideal condition and was overweight before its release.  Morphometry parameters showed that it grew during the captive period.  It was released back into the wild when it was considered healthy.  This is the first report of a protocol of physical and chemical immobilization, physiological values, and biometric variation of an Andean Cat under captive conditions.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Makrozoobenthos as Bio-Indicators of Water Quality of the River Kundur District Labuhanbatu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033
Author(s):  
Winarti Winarti ◽  
Arman Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Total Abundance ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Observation Station ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chemical Water

Macrozoobenthos used as a bioindicator of the waters, this happens because of the nature of the benthos which has mpergerakan low so it got a lot of influence from the environment. This study aims to determine the condition of the river Kundur with a view the community structure of macrozoobenthos which include: species composition, abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominance as well as the physical and chemical parameters of water as a paremeter supporters. Based on the results of observations, macrozoobenthos were found during the study in the river Kundur consists of 3 phylum, 4 classes, 17 family with 11 species. The composition of the class of macrozoobenthos in the whole of the observation station consists of a Gastropod (37%), Insecta (23%), Malacostraca (20%), Polychaeta (10%) dan Malacostraca (20%). The value of an abundance ranged from 325,7 - 3309,6 ind/m3. With the value of the total abundance at Station I which is equal to 3690,1 ind/m3, Station II 3723,1 ind/m3, Station III 3692,3 ind/m3 can be categorized diversity are light polluted with the value of the index of uniformity (E) that describes the spread of the individual tends to be uniform or relatively the same. While the condition of the physical-chemical parameters and the substrate bottom of the river Kundur in general has a range of relatively homogeneous, spread evenly throughout the observation stations and still be able to support life macrozoobenthos. To the results of measurements of the parameters of physico-chemical water and substrate in the river kundur in general has a range of relatively homogeneous in the whole observation stations and still be able to support the life of the macrozoobenthos.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Macrobenthic Invertebrates Distribution in Badagry Creek, South Western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
O. A. Olapoju ◽  
C. A. Edokpayi
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aim of the paper is to identify macroinvertebrates distribution in response to induced stressors and physico-chemical parameters of water and sediment. The species composition of macrobenthic invertebrates as well as the physico-chemical characteristics of Badagry creek was investigated monthly. Six sampling stations selected based on different levels of human activities along the creeks stretch and samples were collected monthly from September 2006 to February 2007. The fluctuations of some of the physical and chemical parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, BOD and total organic carbon appeared to have been influenced by activities along the study stretch. Analysis of variance (ANOVA)  for all parameters showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the parameters but  Post hoc tests analysis using Duncan showed that there was a significant difference (P = 0.05) in the mean total of some of the parameters. pH, clay, sand and gravel were significantly correlated with other parameters while canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) model showed that the environmental variables correlated with significant part of the variations in the individual species abundance and it revealed that dominant species were found to be significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, sand and pH.

Ecobiological survey of the brine shrimp Artemia salina from Sabkhet El Adhibet (south-east Tunisia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachem Ben Naceur ◽  
Amel Ben Rejeb Jenhani ◽  
Mohamed Salah Romdhane
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Major Nutrient ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Individual Fecundity

In order to provide a better characterization and understanding of the brine shrimp Artemia salina life-cycle, different ecological and biological parameters were taken out monthly during two periods from November 2005 to April 2006 and from November 2006 to April 2007 in Sabkhet El Adhibet (south-east Tunisia). Variation of water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (orthophosphate, nitrites, nitrates and ammonium) and phytoplankton density were monitored. The Artemia population was also surveyed. Artemia were present in the site with salinity between 32.2 and 281.7 g l−1 and water temperature between 12.1 and 25.4°C. The pH ranged from 7.6 to 9 and dissolved oxygen concentration from 3.4 to 17.5 mg l−1. Minimum and maximum values of phytoplankton density were 0.19 and 14.59 106 cell l−1. In addition, the nutrient analysis registered showed that nitrate and ammonium represent the major nutrient. The Artemia population density fluctuated between 0.22 and 38.57 individuals per litre. The male:female ratio was dominated by the males. Artemia from Sabkhet El Adhibet showed variability in fecundity (total offspring and brood size) as well as in the ratio encystment/oviviparity. The individual fecundity fluctuates between 29.4 and 70.2 cysts and 17.8 and 69.8 nauplii. Finally, the influence of physical and chemical parameters as well as phytoplankton density over the Artemia population was noticed.

The influence of gelatin and starter culture on the physical and chemical parameters of cheeses with different fat content

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Zhukova ◽  
◽  
Pylyp Petrov ◽  
Olena Boloba ◽  
Tetiana Ohrimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starter Culture ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Life in Glacial and Alpine Rivers in Central Iceland in Relation to Physical and Chemical Parameters

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gísli Már Gíslason ◽  
Jón S. Ólafsson ◽  
Hákon Adalsteinsson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Glacial Meltwater ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Glacial River ◽  
Alpine Rivers ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The characteristics of stream and river ecosystems in arctic and alpine areas are determined mainly by the relative contribution of glacial meltwater, snowmelt, rainfall and groundwater. Each source generates a particular seasonal hydrological signature, affecting physical and chemical properties, and hence biological communities. The relative contribution of each source is sensitive to climate change. The study was concentrated on the glacial River W-Jökulsá and some non-glacial rivers in the central highlands of Iceland. The water in the glacial river was entirely glacial meltwater at the glacier margin, but the glacial contribution was about 20% 40 km downstream. However, its tributaries and non-glacial reference rivers were mainly springfed. The invertebrate fauna was confined to Chironomidae of the genus Diamesa close to the glacier, but other taxa (species and groups of species) occupied the river further downstream, where their diversity was close to that found in the reference rivers.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Process in Disinfection and Advanced Treatment of Tertiary Treated Wastewater

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Rafał Tytus Bray ◽  
Katarzyna Jankowska ◽  
Eliza Kulbat ◽  
Aneta Łuczkiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Sokołowska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper presents the results of research on the use of ultrafiltration, using membranes of 200 and 400 kDa separation, for disinfection of municipal treated wastewater. The research was conducted on a fractional technical scale using real municipal treated wastewater from two large wastewater treatment plants treating most of the wastewater over the one-million polycentric Gdańsk agglomeration (1.2 million inhabitants). UF 200 kDa and UF 400 kDa processes enabled further improvement of the physical and chemical parameters of treated wastewater. Total phosphorus (to below 0.2 mg/L–UF 200 kDa, 0.13 mg/L–UF 400 kDa) and turbid substances (to below 0.2 mg/L, both membranes) were removed in the highest degree. COD was reduced efficiently (to below 25.6 mgO2/L–UF 200 kDa, 26.8 mgO2/L–UF 400 kDa), while total nitrogen was removed to a small extent (to 7.12 mg/L–UF 200 kDa and 5.7 mg/L–UF 400 kDa. Based on the reduction of indicator bacteria; fecal coliforms including E. coli (FC) and fecal enterococci (FE) it was found that the ultrafiltration is an effective method of disinfection. Not much indicator bacterial were observed in the permeate after processes (UF 200 kDa; FC—5 CFU/L; FE—1 CFU/L and UF 400 kDa; FC—70 CFU/L; FE—10 CFU/L. However, microscopic analysis of prokaryotic cells and virus particles showed their presence after the application of both membrane types; TCN 3.0 × 102 cells/mL–UF 200 kDa, 5.0 × 103 cells/mL–UF 400 kDa, VP 1.0 × 105/mL. The presence of potentially pathogenic, highly infectious virus particles means that ultrafiltration cannot be considered a sufficient disinfection method for treated wastewater diverted for reuse or discharged from high load wastewater treatment plants to recreational areas. For full microbiological safety it would be advisable to apply an additional disinfection method (e.g., ozonation).

scholarly journals Group size and aquatic vegetation modulates male preferences for female shoals in wild zebrafish, Danio rerio

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Ghoshal ◽  
Anuradha Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Aquatic Flora ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Individual

AbstractShoaling decisions in the wild are determined by a combination of innate preferences of the individual along with the interplay of multiple ecological factors. In their natural habitat as well as in the laboratory, zebrafish is a shoaling fish. Here, we investigate the role of group size and associated vegetation in shaping shoaling preferences of wild male zebrafish. We studied the association preference of males to groups of female shoals in a multi-choice test design. We found that males made greater proportion of visits to an 8-female group compared to 2 and 4-female groups. However, males spent similar proportions of time across the three female-containing groups. When artificial vegetation was incorporated along with female number as an additional factor, we found that males prefer high and moderately vegetated patches compared to low or no-vegetation groups, irrespective of the number of females in these patches. Based on experiments using a novel multi-choice design, our results show that preference for group size can change due to interaction of two separate factors. This work is a first attempt to understand the role of aquatic flora in determining shoaling preferences in zebrafish, using an experimental paradigm consisting of a gradation in female and vegetation densities.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Tires Evaluated in Simulated Conditions

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Markéta Šourková ◽  
Dana Adamcová ◽  
Jan Winkler ◽  
Magdalena Daria Vaverková
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Sinapis Alba L ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Aqueous Leachate ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Illegal dumps and landfills with disposed of tires are a fact of today, which should not be neglected as they represent a great ecological burden for the environment, affect the surrounding nature and disturb the landscape. This research was focused on testing the phytotoxicity of aqueous leachates from the fractions of tires in two sets of experiments—to simulate laboratory conditions (tire leaching in distilled water) and natural conditions (tire leaching in water from a recipient) using the Phytotoxkit testing kit (kit for the establishment of inhibition/stimulation effect on the root development) and the watercress test of phytotoxicity (biological method for the assessment of leachate phytotoxicity). Plants whose seeds were selected for the test were watercress (Lepidium sativum L.) and white mustard (Sinapis alba L.). The aqueous leachate was tested for 38 weeks. During the experiment, physical and chemical parameters were measured at intervals of 14 days by the testing instrument HACH TEST KIT: electric conductivity (EC), amount of dissolved oxygen (LDO) and pH. Results of root growth inhibition (IR) on the seeds of Lepidium sativum L. and Sinapis alba L. exhibited values ranging from 11.73% to 47.74% in the tested samples. Results of germination index (GI) on the seeds of Lepidium sativum L. exhibited values below 66% in the tested samples, which indicated the leachate phytotoxicity. In spite of the fact that similar studies are tackling the acute toxicity of leachates from tires (particularly to algae, embryos and animals), this research brings complementary information in testing the acute phytotoxicity of tire leachates to higher plants.

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