Abstract MP80: Increased Physical Fitness Is Associated With Greater Improvement In Cardiac Parasympathetic Function Among The Obese Than Overweight Or Normal Weight Individuals

Introduction: The impact of physical fitness on heart rate recovery (HRR), a marker of cardiac parasympathetic activity, has rarely been studied across weight categories. We examined the effect of physical fitness across different weight categories on HRR at 2 minutes after exercise stress test in an asymptomatic cohort. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of 525 Brazilian subjects, free of known cardiovascular disease that underwent exercise stress test. Metabolic equivalents at maximal exercise (METS) were calculated from the volume of oxygen consumed during maximal exercise (VO2max). HRR was defined as peak exercise HR minus HR after 2minutes rest. Weight was classified into obese (BMI ≥ 30), overweight (BMI 25 -29) and normal weight (BMI <25). Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 51% and 19% respectively. There was a positive significant correlation between METS and HRR (r= 0.34 p<0.001). The mean HRR was higher among the normal weight than the overweight or obese (92 vs. 89 vs.76 beats; p<0.001) while the average (mean) METS decreased across increasing weight categories (10.6 vs. 10.4 vs. 9.1 METS; p <0.001). In a fully adjusted linear regression model, for every unit increase in METS the HRR increased by 2.0 beats among the obese (p<0.005), 1.1 beats among the overweight (p<0.001) and 0.8 beats among the normal weight (p=0.143). These increases were significantly different among the 3 groups (p<0.001). Line fitted plots (figure below) showed that the increase in HRR associated with increasing METS was greater among the obese than the other weight groups and at high METS value (about 13 METS) the HRR are similar regardless of BMI. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that increasing fitness increases HRR, with greater benefit in the obese than other weight groups. Physical fitness, not simply weight loss, should be advocated in the obese. More studies are required to fully understand the temporal relationship between BMI, physical fitness and HRR.

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Obesity Modifies the Effect of Fitness on Heart Rate Indices during Exercise Stress Testing in Asymptomatic Individuals

Cardiology ◽

10.1159/000435907 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (4) ◽

pp. 242-248

Author(s):

Ehimen C. Aneni ◽

Ebenezer T. Oni ◽

Chukwuemeka U. Osondu ◽

Seth S. Martin ◽

Michael J. Blaha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Stress Test ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Peak Exercise ◽

Exercise Heart Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Metabolic Equivalents ◽

The Impact

Objective: To assess the impact of aerobic fitness on exercise heart rate (HR) indices in an asymptomatic cohort across different body mass index (BMI) categories. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 506 working-class Brazilian subjects, free of known clinical cardiovascular disease (e.g. ischemic heart disease and stroke) who underwent an exercise stress test. Results: There was a significant trend towards decreased HR at peak exercise, HR recovery and chronotropic index (CI) measures as BMI increased, but resting HR increased significantly across BMI categories. In multivariate analysis, the change in CI per unit change in metabolic equivalents of task was greater among the obese subjects than the normal-weight (2.7 vs. -0.07; p interaction = 0.029) and overweight (2.7 vs. 0.7; p interaction = 0.044) subjects. A similar pattern was seen with peak HR and HR recovery, although the formal tests of interaction did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion: Our findings strongly suggest that fitness is associated with a favorable HR profile and is modified by BMI. Intervention programs should place emphasis on fitness and not only on weight loss.

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TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS OF HEALTHY MEDICAL STUDENTS AND TRAINED ATHLETES USING STEP TEST.

10.36106/ijar/5209034 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Rituparna Bora ◽

Utpal Dutta

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Medical Students ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress Test ◽

Mean Value ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Step Test ◽

P Value

INTRODUCTION : Physical fitness implies the ability to make adequate physiological adjustments to the stresses imposed by a specific task. Good cardiorespiratory function is reflected by the ability to deliver oxygen to the tissues to maintain continuous activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS : The present study was carried out to study the effect of exercise on the physical fitness of healthy young adults. Exercise stress test was done by Harvard step test. Study population comprised of 100 young adults with subset of 50 trained athletes and 50 sedentary healthy adults. The parameter for measuring Physical fitness was Physical Fitness Index. RESULTS: Mean value of PFI in trained athletes and sedentary healthy adults were 85.42 and 72.79 respectively i.e., mean value of PFI is higher in trained than sedentary group. This is statistically highly significant (P value < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The study reveals that physical fitness is high in trained athletes than the untrained group. There is a need for inclusion of regular exercise in medical students to attain high level of physical fitness.

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PL-014 The gaseous metabolism characteristics of overweight adult women during exercise stress test

Exercise Biochemistry Review ◽

10.14428/ebr.v1i1.8173 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shan Chen ◽

Peizhen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress Test ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Adult Women ◽

Weight Group ◽

Normal Weight Group ◽

Overweight People ◽

Gas Metabolism ◽

Overweight Group

Objective Overweight was a global public health problem. In recent years, the number of overweight people in China had been increasing. Being overweight had a serious impact on health. 31.1% of overweight people had aggregation of risk factors for cardiovascular metabolic diseases. And overweight people were more likely to suffer from some diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and arthritis. This study compared the gas metabolism index differences between overweight and normal weight women when they did exercise under different load, and summarized gas metabolism characteristics of overweight women, in order to lay the foundation for instructing overweight women to do exercise scientifically, reduce the risk factors of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, and enhance and improve physical fitness and health. Methods Adult women between 20 and 30 years were taken as subjects. After measuring their height and weight, they were divided into normal weight group (BMI=18~23.9kg/m2) and overweight group (BMI＞24kg/m2) according to body mass index (BMI). There were 15 participants in each group. After the baseline test, using modified Bruce treadmill protocol, the air metabolism indexes of two groups were determined by Cortex MetaMax 3B portable gas metabolic analyzer, including oxygen uptake(VO2), minute ventilation(MV), breathing frequency(BF), expiratory end-tidal CO2concentration(ETCO2), expiratory end-tidal O2concentration (ETO2), arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), carbon dioxide output(VCO2), oxygen pulse and maximal voluntary ventilation(MMV), etc. The differences of gas metabolism indexes among resting, exercise, and recovery stages were compared and analyzed. Results (1) Most of indexes such as VO2, VCO2, and MV rose gradually with the load increase during exercise stress test except for ETO2and PaCO2. VO2, PaCO2, VCO2and ETCO2of overweight group were significantly lower than normal weight group during the same load. PaCO2of overweight group at grade 4 was significant lower than normal weight group by 5.6 mmHg (P<0.05). VCO2of overweight group at grade 5 was significant lower than normal weight group by 0.6L/min (P<0.05). ETCO2 of overweight group at grade 3 and 4 were significant lower than normal weight group about 0.5% and 0.6% respectively (P<0.05). (2) During recovery stage, most of indexes decreased gradually, such as MV and BF, while ETO2presented a rising trend. At a certain time during the recovery stage, ETCO2of overweight group was significantly lower than normal weight group (5.3% vs 5.8%), while MMV, MV and oxygen pulse were significantly higher than normal weight group (P<0.05). MMV of overweight group at 2, 3 and 4 minutes were significant lower than normal weight group by1L/min, 1L/min and 0.9L/min, at the same time, MV of overweight group were significant lower than normal weight group by17.8L/min, 20.1L/min and 16.9L/min. The oxygen pulse of overweight group during whole 5 minutes recovery period were significantly higher than normal weight group by 2.7L/min, 3.9L/min, 3.9L/min, 2.9L/min and 2.0L/min. (3) The gaseous metabolism between two groups was significantly different when they did 7.1 and 10.2 METs exercise. Conclusions Although there was no difference in gas metabolism between overweight and normal weight adult women in resting state, the respiratory function of overweight women was weaker than normal weight women during exercise, especially at the intensities of 7.1 and 10.2 METs. During the recovery period after exercise stress test, the recovery rate of gas metabolism in overweight adult women was slower than that of normal weight women.

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Effects of Metoprolol and Nebivolol on Exercise Blood Pressure in Patients with Mild Hypertension

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/608683 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Huseyin Ugur Yazici ◽

Hande Ozduman ◽

Yuksel Aydar ◽

Alparslan Birdane

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Mild Hypertension ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

Objectives. We planned to compare the impact of two beta blockers, metoprolol and nebivolol, on arterial blood pressure during exercise in patients with mild hypertension.Methods. A total of 60 patients (13 males, 47 females; mean age: years) were enrolled in the present study. The patients were randomly selected to receive either nebivolol 5 mg/day () or metoprolol 50 mg/day () for 8 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, each of the patients received exercise stress test according to Bruce protocol and their blood pressures were remeasured after rest, exercise, and recovery.Results. Blood pressures were determined to be similar between metoprolol and nebivolol groups during rest, exercise, and recovery periods. Metoprolol and nebivolol achieved similar reductions in blood pressures during rest and exercise. However, five patients in nebivolol group and four patients in metoprolol group developed exaggerated BP response to exercise but the difference between metoprolol and nebivolol was not meaningful ().Conclusion. The results of the present study showed that metoprolol and nebivolol established comparable effects on the control of blood pressures during exercise in the patients with mild hypertensions.

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Relating Trait Anxiety to Perceived Physical Fitness

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1988.67.2.539 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 539-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ben R. Abadie

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Older Adult ◽

Trait Anxiety ◽

Partial Correlation ◽

Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress Test ◽

Exercise Stress ◽

Inverse Relation ◽

Self Perception ◽

Graded Exercise

This study was designed to determine the relation of actual cardiovascular physical fitness and perceived physical fitness to trait anxiety. 32 older adult ( M age = 68.19 yr.) subjects completed a voluntary maximal graded exercise stress test on a motor driven treadmill to determine their actual cardiovascular physical fitness. Subjects also completed Abadie's Perceived Physical Fitness Scale along with Spielberger's Trait Anxiety Inventory. The partial correlation between actual cardiovascular physical fitness and trait anxiety with the influence of perceived physical fitness removed indicated a nonsignificant relation. The partial correlation between perceived physical fitness and trait anxiety with the influence of actual cardiovascular physical fitness removed indicated a significant inverse relation. Present results suggest that trait anxiety is correlated better with an individual's self-perception of his physical fitness than the actual cardiovascular physical fitness.

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