Abstract P119: Comparison of Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Cohort of Medicare Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus
Objective: This study compared real-world treatment patterns for ACS patients with and without DM in a cohort of Medicare population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the MarketScan Medicare claims database. Patients aged ≥65 years, hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of ACS between 01/01/2007 and 12/31/2007 were categorized into 2 groups: with and without DM. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns during the index hospitalization, and cardiovascular medications use 12 months pre- and post-index hospitalization were analyzed. (All p<.01 unless otherwise stated.) Results: Of 8,666 ACS patients identified, 2,407 (28%) were diabetic and 6,259 (72%) were non-diabetic. Patients with DM were more likely to be younger (77.6 vs. 79.6), male (58.8% vs. 54.6%), and have higher rates of previous MI (17.2% vs. 12.0%), congestive heart failure (28% vs. 16.1%), PVD (19.2% vs. 12.8%), TIA/stroke (10.0% vs. 7.3%), hypertension (54.4% vs. 49.6%), and renal diseases (17.1% vs. 7.0%). Patients with DM were significantly more likely to present with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction at the index hospitalization compared to those without DM (66.4% vs. 61.2%). During the index hospitalization, DM patients underwent less PCI (27.8% vs. 34.6%) but more CABG (9.7% vs. 7.6%), and were more likely to have medical management during the index hospitalization compared to non-DM patients. Compared to their non-DM counterparts, patients with DM utilized more statins (66.9% vs. 48.0%), beta blockers (53.0% vs .42.4%), thienopyridine (24.5% vs. 13.2%), and ACE inhibitors (42.3% vs. 28.6%) during the 12-month pre-hospitalization period, while during the 12-month post-hospitalization period, they utilized slightly more statins (85.8% vs. 82.1%) and had similar level of beta blockers (86.1% vs. 85.6%, p=0.57) and thienopyridine (62.5% vs. 64.7%, p=0.12) and ACE inhibitors use (54.8% vs. 56.1%, p=0.37). Conclusion: ACS patients with DM presented additional clinical risks than those without DM. Observed treatment patterns varied correspondingly between the 2 groups. Differences in cardiovascular medications usage between the 2 groups narrowed after the ACS hospitalization.