Abstract 45: Sex Differences Of Renal11β-hsd1 And 11β-hsd2 Expression In A Doca-salt Model Of Hypertension.

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Belanger ◽  
Jennifer C Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Immune Profile ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Males And Females

The balance between hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2) have been implicated in the regulation of mineralocorticoid effects. We have previously shown in the DOCA-salt model of hypertension that males have a more pro-inflammatory immune profile and higher BP than females. The current study tested the hypothesis that males have a higher ratio of 11β -HSD1 to 11β -HSD2 and that preventing DOCA-salt induced increases in BP significantly shifts that ratio.At 10 wks of age, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and a right uni-nephrectomy (UNX) was performed. After one week of recovery, rats were randomized to the following groups: 1) UNX controls, 2) DOCA-salt (200 mg) with 0.9% saline to drink, or 3) DOCA-salt with saline + hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 55 mg/kg/day) and reserpine (RES; 4.5 mg/kg/day. After 3 weeks of treatment, the remaining kidney was isolated to measure mRNA expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 via RT-qPCR.Control UNX males had a higher 11β-HSD1:11β-HSD2 ratio than females (0.9 ± 0.15 vs 0.3 ± 0.04; P=0.02). After DOCA-salt, 11β-HSD1 increased in both males and females (2.5 ± 0.1 vs. 1.3 ± 0.08; P treatment <0.0001). Males maintained a higher 11β-HSD1:11β-HSD2 ratio as well has had a higher increase in 11β-HSD1 to 11β-HSD2 ratio than females (P sex =0.04; P interaction =0.04) after DOCA-salt. With HCTZ/RES treatment, 11β-HSD1 to 11β-HSD2 ratios significantly decreased in both males and females (1.9 ± 0.5 vs. 0.8 ± 0.09; P treatment =0.002), but males maintained a higher 11β-HSD1:11β-HSD2 ratio vs females (P sex =0.002; P interaction =0.54). Our data suggests that there are sex differences in the balance of renal mRNA expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2, with males having a greater 11β-HSD1:11β-HSD2 ratio compared to females. Preventing DOCA-salt induced increases in BP significantly shifts this ratio through an upregulation of 11β-HSD2 in both sexes.

scholarly journals Sex differences in (+)-amphetamine- and (+)-methamphetamine-induced behavioral response in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Milesi-Hallé ◽  
Donald E. McMillan ◽  
Elizabeth M. Laurenzana ◽  
Kelly A. Byrnes-Blake ◽  
S. Michael Owens
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine-levamisole combinations in Sprague-Dawley rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 900-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary J Zimmermann ◽  
David V Gauvin ◽  
Alan Poling
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Discriminative Stimulus Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Discrimination Procedure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stimulus Effects ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Levamisole (LVM) is a common adulterant in clandestinely manufactured cocaine (COC), with a range of well-documented deleterious health effects. Although the prevalence of LVM in COC has been widely noted, the subjective effects related to concomitant COC-LVM administration are poorly understood. Aims: The present study sought to compare the subjective effects of LVM alone and in combination with COC in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats trained to discriminate COC from vehicle injections. Methods: Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate COC from vehicle injections using a two-lever, food-reinforced drug discrimination procedure. Subsequent dose-effect curves were generated for COC, LVM, and a variety of COC-LVM combinations. Results: No significant difference in males and females was observed on any measure of responding. LVM alone dose-dependently decreased response rates and failed to produce substitution for COC. When LVM was administered with COC, previously ineffective doses of COC engendered COC-appropriate responding. Conclusions: LVM potentiates the subjective effects of COC when administered concomitantly. These findings are consistent with the popular notion that LVM is added as an adulterant to COC to amplify the subjective effects of COC administration.

scholarly journals Sex- and tissue-dependent creatine uptake in response to different creatine monohydrate doses in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler C Dunham ◽  
Jensen E Murphy ◽  
Rebecca E.K. MacPherson ◽  
Val A. Fajardo ◽  
Wendy E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Creatine Monohydrate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Creatine Uptake ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
White Fiber

Sprague-Dawley rats (n=32) underwent 8-weeks of creatine monohydrate (CM) supplementation (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 g/L). Total creatine concentrations (TCr) in female white fiber-dominant gastrocnemius (WGAS) and cardiac muscle (HRT) were significantly higher compared to males (p<0.05). CM supplementation increased TCr concentrations in female WGAS (p<0.05) and HRT (p<0.01) and in male red fiber-dominant gastrocnemius muscle (RGAS) (p<0.05). Future research should further investigate sex-differences in basal levels of TCr and the response to CM supplementation. Novelty – There is a sex- and tissue-dependant response to CM supplementation in rats.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Affective States and Association with Voluntary Ethanol Intake in Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SG Quadir ◽  
GM Arleth ◽  
JV Jahad ◽  
M Echeveste Sanchez ◽  
MA Herman
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACTAlcohol use disorders (AUDs) are a major problem across the United States. While AUD remains a complex human condition, it is difficult to isolate the directionality of anxiety and ethanol (EtOH) drinking from outside influences. The present study sought to investigate the relationship between affective states and EtOH intake using male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Using complementary tests of anxiety- and depressive-like behavior, we found sex- and test-specific differences in basal affective behavior such that females displayed enhanced anxiety-like behavior in the Splash Test and males displayed enhanced anxiety-like behavior in the Novelty Suppressed Feeding Test. Although there were no sex differences in EtOH intake and no correlation between anxiety-like behavior and subsequent EtOH intake, we did find that depressive-like behavior predicted future EtOH intake in females rats only. In addition, we observed an increase in depressive-like behavior is male rats in both the water and EtOH drinking groups. Furthermore, anxiety-like behavior, but not depressive-like behavior predicted subsequent EtOH intake in female rats. Lastly, we found a history of EtOH intake decreased pain thresholds in male and female rats. Together, these experiments provide important information on the complex interaction between negative affect and alcohol intake and how these two contexts reciprocally do, or do not, influence each other in a sex-specific manner.

Ultrastructural investigation of spontaneous pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in aging Sprague-Dawley rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 702-703
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reticulin Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Gonadotroph cell adenomas of the pituitary are infrequent in human patients and are not invariably associated with altered gonadal function. To date, no animal model of this tumor type exists. Herein, we describe spontaneous gonadotroph cell adenomas in old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by histology, immunocytology and electron microscopy.The material consisted of the pituitaries of 27 male and 38 female Sprague Dawley rats, all 26 months of age or older, removed at routine autopsy. Sections of formal in-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-saffron (HPS), the PAS method and the Gordon-Sweet technique for the demonstration of reticulin fibers. For immunostaining, sections were exposed to anti-rat β-LH, anti-ratβ-TSH, anti-rat PRL, anti-rat GH and anti-rat ACTH 1-39. For electron microscopy, tissue was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% OsO4 and embedded in epoxy-resin. Tissue fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in epoxy resin without osmification, was used for immunoelectron microscopy.

scholarly journals Stem cell treatment improves post stroke neurological outcomes: a comparative study in male and female rats

2021 ◽  
pp. svn-2020-000834
Author(s):  
Koteswara Rao Nalamolu ◽  
Bharath Chelluboina ◽  
Casimir A Fornal ◽  
Siva Reddy Challa ◽  
David M Pinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Males And Females

Background and purposeThe therapeutic potential of different stem cells for ischaemic stroke treatment is intriguing and somewhat controversial. Recent results from our laboratory have demonstrated the potential benefits of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in a rodent stroke model. We hypothesised that MSC treatment would effectively promote the recovery of sensory and motor function in both males and females, despite any apparent sex differences in post stroke brain injury.MethodsTransient focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Following the procedure, male and female rats of the untreated group were euthanised 1 day after reperfusion and their brains were used to estimate the resulting infarct volume and tissue swelling. Additional groups of stroke-induced male and female rats were treated with MSC or vehicle and were subsequently subjected to a battery of standard neurological/neurobehavioral tests (Modified Neurological Severity Score assessment, adhesive tape removal, beam walk and rotarod). The tests were administered at regular intervals (at days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14) after reperfusion to determine the time course of neurological and functional recovery after stroke.ResultsThe infarct volume and extent of swelling of the ischaemic brain were similar in males and females. Despite similar pathological stroke lesions, the clinical manifestations of stroke were more pronounced in males than females, as indicated by the neurological scores and other tests. MSC treatment significantly improved the recovery of sensory and motor function in both sexes, and it demonstrated efficacy in both moderate stroke (females) and severe stroke (males).ConclusionsDespite sex differences in the severity of post stroke outcomes, MSC treatment promoted the recovery of sensory and motor function in male and female rats, suggesting that it may be a promising treatment for stroke.

Hepatic effects of a highly purified PCB 180 in adult male and female Sprague–Dawley rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. S39-S40
Author(s):  
Robert Roos ◽  
Patrik Andersson ◽  
Päivi Heikkinen ◽  
Hans-Joachim Schmitz ◽  
Leo van der Ven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Sex Differences in Expected Guilt Reactions to Hypothetical Behaviors of Sexual, Hostile, and Moral Substance

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Heying ◽  
Karen Korabik ◽  
David C. Munz
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Response Alternatives ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Moral Nature

Differences between male and female guilt reactions to hypothetical guilt-inducing situations of a sexual, hostile, and moral nature were investigated. Two independent samples of Ss (56 men, 56 women; and 34 men, 62 women) reported the intensity of their anticipated guilt reactions to 60 hypothetical behavior situations presented in sentence-completion format through the use of scaled response alternatives. Across both samples there were specific behaviors in which stable sex differences were evidenced, i.e., females' reactions were more intense for those behaviors reflecting sexual transgressions. However, males and females were highly similar in their reactions to hostile and moral guilt-provoking situations. Implications of these results for research on trait-guilt were discussed.

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