Abstract WP442: Diffusion Tensor Imaging of White Matter Tracts in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Tariq ◽  
Adrian Tsang ◽  
Jacob Ursenbach ◽  
Naomi-Rose Dutta ◽  
Linda B Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Introduction: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) greatly increases the risk of developing dementia later in life. Measurement of microstructural changes in white matter (WM) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography has potential for identifying those at greatest risk of cognitive decline. We hypothesized that patients presenting with TIA have abnormal DTI measures in major WM tracts. Our objective was to determine changes in DTI measures for fractional anisotropy (FA) and medial diffusivity (MD) in frontoparietal (Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus; SF) and medial temporal (Uncinate Fasciculus; UF) WM tracts for TIA patients and healthy controls. Methods: Patients presenting with symptoms of high risk TIA but free of dementia, and healthy volunteer controls were recruited acutely. Structural MRI, inclusive of DTI sequences (31 directions b1000) was performed. FA and MD values were collected in the left and right SLF and UF. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine predictors of DTI values (FA and MD), adjusted for age. Subject’s cognition was screened using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results: Data from 60 TIA patients (mean age = 68.75 years, SD = 9.39, 45% female) and 33 healthy controls (mean age = 64.97 years, SD = 10.45, 67% female) was analyzed. Linear regression identified that TIA patients have higher FA values in left SLF, F(2, 90) = 9.210, p < .001, R 2 = .170); right SLF, F(2, 90) = 7.154, p = .001, R 2 = .137; and left UF, F(2, 90) = 3.513, p = .034, R 2 = .072, compared to healthy controls. No group changes in MD were observed when corrected for age. TIA patients (median score 24, (interquartile range (IQR) = 5) performed worse than healthy controls (median score = 27, IQR = 4) on the MoCA while controlling for age, F(1, 90) = 7.689, p < .007. Conclusion: TIA patients showed changes in FA of WM tracts related to language and memory function when compared to healthy controls, supporting the presence of incipient microstructural disease. Our results show that measures of microstructural changes using DTI may help identify TIA patients at a greater risk of developing cognitive impairment. Future work aims to identify deterioration of DTI measures over time and their relation to potential vascular and neurodegenerative etiologies.

Diffusion tensor imaging of cerebral white matter in patients with myotonic dystrophy

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fukuda ◽  
J. Horiguchi ◽  
C. Ono ◽  
T. Ohshita ◽  
J. Takaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Control Subjects

Purpose: To determine whether myotonic dystrophy (MyD) patients have diffusion tensor abnormalities suggestive of microstructural changes in normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM). Material and Methods: Conventional and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images of the brain were obtained in 19 MyD patients and 19 age‐matched normal control subjects. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values were calculated in white matter lesions (WMLs) and NAWM in MyD patients and in the white matter of normal control subjects. Differences between WML and NAWM values and between MyD patient and control subject values were analyzed statistically. Results: Significantly lower FA and higher MD values were found in all regions of interest in the NAWM of MyD patients than in the white matter of control subjects ( P<0.01), as well as significantly lower FA and higher MD values in WMLs than in NAWM of MyD patients ( P<0.05). There was no significant correlation of mean FA or MD values in NAWM with patient age, age at onset, or duration of illness ( P>0.1). Conclusion: Diffusion tensor imaging analysis suggests the presence of diffuse microstructural changes in NAWM of MyD patients that may play an important role in the development of disability.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Microstructural Changes in the Gray and White Matter in Patients With Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type I

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek ◽  
Saher Ebrahiem Taman ◽  
Mohamed Ezz El Regal ◽  
Ahmed Megahed ◽  
Sherine Elzeny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Syndrome Type ◽  
Microstructural Changes

scholarly journals Alternative Microstructural Measures to Complement Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Migraine Studies with Standard MRI Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez ◽  
David García-Azorín ◽  
Ángel L. Guerrero ◽  
Rodrigo de Luis-García ◽  
Margarita Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Axial Diffusivity ◽  
Average Diffusion ◽  
Cerebellar Peduncle

The white matter state in migraine has been investigated using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures, but results using this technique are conflicting. To overcome DTI measures, we employed ensemble average diffusion propagator measures obtained with apparent measures using reduced acquisitions (AMURA). The AMURA measures were return-to-axis (RTAP), return-to-origin (RTOP) and return-to-plane probabilities (RTPP). Tract-based spatial statistics was used to compare fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity from DTI, and RTAP, RTOP and RTPP, between healthy controls, episodic migraine and chronic migraine patients. Fifty healthy controls, 54 patients with episodic migraine and 56 with chronic migraine were assessed. Significant differences were found between both types of migraine, with lower axial diffusivity values in 38 white matter regions and higher RTOP values in the middle cerebellar peduncle in patients with a chronic migraine (p < 0.05 family-wise error corrected). Significantly lower RTPP values were found in episodic migraine patients compared to healthy controls in 24 white matter regions (p < 0.05 family-wise error corrected), finding no significant differences using DTI measures. The white matter microstructure is altered in a migraine, and in chronic compared to episodic migraine. AMURA can provide additional results with respect to DTI to uncover white matter alterations in migraine.

Brain connectivity in body dysmorphic disorder compared with controls: a diffusion tensor imaging study

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2513-2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Buchanan ◽  
S. L. Rossell ◽  
J. J. Maller ◽  
W. L. Toh ◽  
S. Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Caudate Nuclei ◽  
White Matter Connectivity ◽  
The Brain

BackgroundSeveral neuroimaging studies have investigated brain grey matter in people with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), showing possible abnormalities in the limbic system, orbitofrontal cortex, caudate nuclei and temporal lobes. This study takes these findings forward by investigating white matter properties in BDD compared with controls using diffusion tensor imaging. It was hypothesized that the BDD sample would have widespread significantly reduced white matter connectivity as characterized by fractional anisotropy (FA).MethodA total of 20 participants with BDD and 20 healthy controls matched on age, gender and handedness underwent diffusion tensor imaging. FA, a measure of water diffusion within a voxel, was compared between groups on a voxel-by-voxel basis across the brain using tract-based spatial statistics within the FSL package.ResultsResults showed that, compared with healthy controls, BDD patients demonstrated significantly lower FA (p < 0.05) in most major white matter tracts throughout the brain, including in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and corpus callosum. Lower FA levels could be accounted for by increased radial diffusivity as characterized by eigenvalues 2 and 3. No area of higher FA was found in BDD.ConclusionsThis study provided the first evidence of compromised white matter integrity within BDD patients. This suggests that there are inefficient connections between different brain areas, which may explain the cognitive and emotion regulation deficits within BDD patients.

scholarly journals A diffusion tensor imaging study of structural dysconnectivity in never-medicated, first-episode schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Cheung ◽  
C. Cheung ◽  
G. M. McAlonan ◽  
Y. Deng ◽  
J. G. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cerebral Peduncle ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Subcortical Region ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to investigate cerebral structural connectivity in never-medicated individuals with first-episode schizophrenia.MethodSubjects with first-episode schizophrenia according to DSM-IV-R who had never been exposed to antipsychotic medication (n=25) and healthy controls (n=26) were recruited. Groups were matched for age, gender, best parental socio-economic status and ethnicity. All subjects underwent DTI and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Voxel-based analysis was performed to investigate brain regions where fractional anisotropy (FA) values differed significantly between groups. A confirmatory region-of-interest (ROI) analysis of FA scores was performed in which regions were placed blind to group membership.ResultsIn patients, FA values significantly lower than those in healthy controls were located in the left fronto-occipital fasciculus, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, white matter adjacent to right precuneus, splenium of corpus callosum, right posterior limb of internal capsule, white matter adjacent to right substantia nigra, and left cerebral peduncle. ROI analysis of the corpus callosum confirmed that the patient group had significantly lower mean FA values than the controls in the splenium but not in the genu. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for independent ROI measurements was 0.90 (genu) and 0.90 (splenium). There were no regions where FA values were significantly higher in the patients than in the healthy controls.ConclusionsWidespread structural dysconnectivity, including the subcortical region, is already present in neuroleptic-naive patients in their first episode of illness.

scholarly journals Usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: potential biomarker and association with the cognitive profile

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Chaves ◽  
Mariela Bettini ◽  
Maria Cecilia Fernandez ◽  
Maria Jose Garcia Basalo ◽  
Juan Ignacio Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Als Patients ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

ABSTRACT The objective of this preliminary study was to correlate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) alterations with the cognitive profile of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods This was a case-control study conducted from December 1, 2012 to December 1, 2014. Clinical and demographic data were recorded. A neuropsychological test battery adapted to ALS patients was used. An MRI with DTI was performed in all patients and fractional anisotropy (FA) was analyzed in the white matter using the tract based spatial statistics program. Results Twenty-four patients with ALS (15 females, mean age 66.9 + -2.3) and 13 healthy controls (four females, average age 66.9 + - 2) were included. The DTI showed white matter damage in ALS patients vs. healthy controls (p < 0.001). Discussion In our preliminary study the alterations of white matter in DTI were significantly associated with cognitive impairment in patients with ALS.

Increased fractional anisotropy in cerebellum in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tue Hartmann ◽  
Sanne Vandborg ◽  
Raben Rosenberg ◽  
Leif Sørensen ◽  
Poul Videbech
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Fractional Anisotrophy

BackgroundPrevious morphology and diffusion-imaging studies have suggested that structural changes in white matter is an important part of the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, different methodological approaches and the heterogeneity of patient samples question the validity of the findings.Materials and methodsIn total, 30 patients were matched for age and sex with 30 healthy controls. All participants underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were used to compare white matter volumes and diffusion tensor imaging between groups. These data were analysed correcting for the effects of multiple comparisons, age, sex, severity and duration of illness as nuisance covariates. White matter hyperintensities were manually identified.ResultsIncrease in fractional anisotropy in cerebellum was the most prominent result. A decrease in fractional anisotrophy in patients comparable with previous studies was located in forceps minor. There were no differences in the white matter morphology or in the white matter hyperintensities between patients and healthy controls.ConclusionDecrease in fractional anisotrophy in forceps minor and increase in cerebellum were found, and they were not due to neither white matter hyperintensities nor morphology of the white matter. Cerebellar hyperconnectivity could be an important part of OCD pathophysiology.

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