scholarly journals The Global Value Chain and the Competitiveness of  Asian Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozo Kiyota ◽  
Keita Oikawa ◽  
Katsuhiro Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Real Income ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The World

This paper examines the competitiveness of industries in six Asian countries—China, India, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—using the World Input–Output Database tables from 1995 to 2011. Competitiveness is measured by the value-added that industries contribute to the production of final goods, which we refer to as global value chain (GVC) income, rather than by gross exports. We find that, unlike EU countries, Asian countries have generally been able to combine increasing GVC job opportunities with a rise in real income. The GVC income in Asian countries presents a different picture to that in European countries.

scholarly journals Competitive Conditions in Global Value Chain Networks: An Assessment Using Entropy and Network Analysis

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Angelidis ◽  
Evangelos Ioannidis ◽  
Georgios Makris ◽  
Ioannis Antoniou ◽  
Nikos Varsakelis
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Sector Structure ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Weighted Degree ◽  
The World ◽  
Weighted Degree Centrality

We investigated competitive conditions in global value chains (GVCs) for a period of fifteen years (2000–2014), focusing on sector structure, countries’ dominance and diversification. For this purpose, we used data from the World Input–Output Database (WIOD) and examined GVCs as weighted directed networks, where countries are the nodes and value added flows are the edges. We compared the in-and out-weighted degree centralization of the sectoral GVC networks in order to detect the most centralized, on the import or export side, respectively (oligopsonies and oligopolies). Moreover, we examined the in- and out-weighted degree centrality and the in- and out-weight entropy in order to determine whether dominant countries are also diversified. The empirical results reveal that diversification (entropy) and dominance (degree) are not correlated. Dominant countries (rich) become more dominant (richer). Diversification is not conditioned by competitiveness.

Measuring economies’ pivotability on the global value chain under the perspective of inter-country input–output network

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150289
Author(s):  
Lizhi Xing ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
Dawei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Betweenness Centrality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Under the dual background of trade disputes between China and the United States and the epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus, the existing Global Value Chain (GVC) division and trading system are facing unprecedented impact. This paper reinforces the present studies on international trade by analyzing the fragments of GVC, which are made of numerous Inter-Country Input–Output (ICIO) relations. We first redefine the inter-country and inter-sector propagating process of intermediate goods, coming up with the concept of Strongest Relevance Path Length (SRPL) based on Revised Floyd–Warshall Algorithm (RFWA). Second, enlightened by betweenness centrality, we introduce Weighted Betweenness Centrality of Edge based on RFWA to measure the Value-Added Pivotability of Input–Output Relations, which brings forth pivotability at domestic, international, and global levels. The results show how much a given country can influence the world economic pattern by linking worldwide upstream and downstream industrial sectors, be it at home or abroad. Also, we can try to explain what is the cause of the phenomenon that the economic influence of nations is trading off and taking turns with all sorts of local or even global evens happening.

scholarly journals PERAN INDONESIA DALAM RANTAI NILAI GLOBAL PRODUK ELEKTRONIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Rizki Putri Nurdiati ◽  
Rina Oktaviani ◽  
Sahara Sahara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Electronic Industry ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
Manufacture Sector

Globalization has transformed the structure of industry into global integration of socalled global value chains (GVCs). Some literatures suggest that electronic industry is known as a successful industry in establishing global value chain. Electronic industry is one of leading cluster in driving economic growth in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the role of Indonesia in electronic global value chain according to its share towards global electronic industry, linkages, and value added distribution. An input output analysis by using the Asian International Input Output Table 2005 was employed to analyze the share of each country in electronic global value chain, inter-sector linkages, value added, also output and income multiplier. The result showed that Indonesia had low participation in electronic global value chain. Indonesia’s output share was the lowest among all countries which resulted in low valueadded acquisition. Indonesia played the role as the input user from the various sectors. It is suggested that Indonesia electronic manufacture sector should be integrated with the input supplier sectors. Electronic computing equipment sector can be the main priority in enhancing Indonesia electronic manufacture sector since it has the biggest effect to economic growth. Keywords: electronic, global value chain, Indonesia, input output analysis

A COMPARISON OF PRODUCER, CONSUMER AND SHARED RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON A NEW INTER-COUNTRY INPUT–OUTPUT TABLE CAPTURING TRADE HETEROGENEITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUEMEI JIANG ◽  
QUANRUN CHEN ◽  
CUIHONG YANG
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Domestic Use

In this paper, we employed a new inter-country input-output table where China’s productions are differentiated into domestic use, processing exports and non-processing exports (WIOD-DPN table), to compare the CO2 emissions responsibilities of 13 major regions under producer, consumer and shared accounting systems. The results show that the CO2 emissions responsibility of advanced countries would become less when the accounting system is changed from a consumer system to a shared system, while that of emerging countries are on the contrary. The degree of these changes depends on the value-added received by the production countries from the global value chain.

scholarly journals PERAN INDONESIA DALAM RANTAI NILAI GLOBAL PRODUK ELEKTRONIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Rizki Putri Nurdiati ◽  
Rina Oktaviani ◽  
Sahara Sahara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Electronic Industry ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
Manufacture Sector

Globalization has transformed the structure of industry into global integration of socalled global value chains (GVCs). Some literatures suggest that electronic industry is known as a successful industry in establishing global value chain. Electronic industry is one of leading cluster in driving economic growth in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the role of Indonesia in electronic global value chain according to its share towards global electronic industry, linkages, and value added distribution. An input output analysis by using the Asian International Input Output Table 2005 was employed to analyze the share of each country in electronic global value chain, inter-sector linkages, value added, also output and income multiplier. The result showed that Indonesia had low participation in electronic global value chain. Indonesia’s output share was the lowest among all countries which resulted in low valueadded acquisition. Indonesia played the role as the input user from the various sectors. It is suggested that Indonesia electronic manufacture sector should be integrated with the input supplier sectors. Electronic computing equipment sector can be the main priority in enhancing Indonesia electronic manufacture sector since it has the biggest effect to economic growth. Keywords: electronic, global value chain, Indonesia, input output analysis

scholarly journals Global Value Chains of COVID-19 Materials: A Weighted Directed Network Analysis

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 3202
Author(s):  
Georgios Angelidis ◽  
Charalambos Bratsas ◽  
Georgios Makris ◽  
Evangelos Ioannidis ◽  
Nikos C. Varsakelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
A Value ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a boom in demand for personal protective equipment, or so-called “COVID-19 goods”, around the world. We investigate three key sectoral global value chain networks, namely, “chemicals”, “rubber and plastics”, and “textiles”, involved in the production of these goods. First, we identify the countries that export a higher value added share than import, resulting in a “value added surplus”. Then, we assess their value added flow diversification using entropy. Finally, we analyze their egonets in order to identify their key affiliates. The relevant networks were constructed from the World Input-Output Database. The empirical results reveal that the USA had the highest surplus in “chemicals”, Japan in “rubber and plastics”, and China in “textiles”. Concerning value added flows, the USA was highly diversified in “chemicals”, Germany in “rubber and plastics”, and Italy in “textiles”. From the analysis of egonets, we found that the USA was the key supplier in all sectoral networks under consideration. Our work provides meaningful conclusions about trade outperformance due to the fact of surplus, trade flow robustness due to the fact of diversification, and trade partnerships due to the egonets analysis.

scholarly journals Method of value chain mapping with international input–output data: application to the agricultural value chain in three Greater Mekong Subregion countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Final Output ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion

AbstractExtending the technique of unit structure analysis, which was originally developed by Ozaki (J Econ 73(5):720–748, 1980), this study introduces a method of value chain mapping that uses international input–output data and reveals both the upstream and downstream transactions of goods and services, as well as primary input (value added) and final output (final demand) transactions, which emerge along the entire value chain. This method is then applied to the agricultural value chain of three Greater Mekong Subregion countries: Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The results show that the agricultural value chain has been increasingly internationalized, although there is still room to benefit from participating in global value chains, especially in a country such as Cambodia. Although there are some constraints regarding the methodology and data, the method proves useful in tracing the entire value chain.

Russia–ASEAN: Trade and Global Value Chains

2015 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
K. Muradov
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Trade In Value Added

Traditional trade statistics that originate in customs records is inadequate to measure the complex interdependencies in today’s globalized economy, or what is known as the global value chains. The article focuses on Russia–ASEAN trade. The author applies innovative methods of measuring trade in value added terms in order to capture the unobserved bilateral linkages behind the officially recorded trade flows. First, customs and balance of payments sources of bilateral trade data are briefly reviewed. For user, there are at least two inherent problems in those data: the inconsistencies in “mirror” trade flows and the attribution of the origin of a traded product wholly to the exporting country. This results in large discrepancies between Russian and ASEAN “mirror” trade data and, arguably, their low importance as each other’s trade partners. Next, the author explores new data from inter-country input-output tables that necessarily reconcile bilateral differences and offer greater detail about the national and sectoral origin or destination of traded goods and services. Relevant data are derived from the OECD-WTO TiVA database and are rearranged to obtain various estimates of Russia–ASEAN trade in value added in 2009. The main finding is that sizable amount of the value added of Russian origin is embodied in third countries’ exports to ASEAN members and ASEAN members’ exports to third countries. As a result, the cumulative flow of Russia’s value added to ASEAN members is estimated to be 62% larger than the direct gross exports, whereas for China and South Korea it is, respectively, 21% and 23% smaller. The indirect, unobserved value added flows can be largely explained by the use of Russian energy resources, chemicals and metals as imported inputs in third countries (China, South Korea) and ASEAN members’ own production. The contribution of these inputs is then accumulated along the value chain. Finally, the most important sectoral value chains are visualized for readers’ convenience. So far, it’s apparent that Russia is linked to ASEAN countries through intricate production networks and indirectly contributes to their trade with third countries.

South Korea-ASEAN Trade Linkages

2017 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Chang-Soo LEE ◽  
Jong Gyu JEON
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Industry Level ◽  
Asean Member

This paper quantifies the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ (ASEAN) trade linkages with other regional blocs and countries to determine the characteristics of ASEAN’s inter- and intra-regional trade. The competitiveness of member countries and that of rival countries such as China, Japan and Korea are then evaluated at the industry level. Finally, ASEAN member countries’ gross exports in the main exporting industries are decomposed to identify the global value chain features of ASEAN’s trade.

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