Toward Virtual Reality in Architecture:Concepts and Scenarios from the Architectural Space Laboratory

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Schmitt ◽  
Florian Wenz ◽  
David Kurmann ◽  
Eric van der Mark
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Architectural Drawing ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

Virtual reality is the logical step that started way back in time with the appearance of the very first architectural drawing. This has been a long history of development: architectural drawings in Europe, which date back to the tenth century, were the first kind of abstraction that appeared “virtually real” to potential clients and builders—real enough to base decisions on. With the discovery of perspective techniques, drawings became more refined and developed into a form of art with numerous branches, ranging from technical drawings to presentation drawings. Wooden models appeared even before the Renaissance and were supplemented in the nineteenth century with cardboard models. Each new invention helped to improve the understanding of projects and architecture by reducing abstraction, while increasing the complexity of the representation (Schmitt, 1993). Toward the end of the twentieth century, the majority of architectural projects were and are never realized. Prominent projects, such as the new Berlin Government Centre, result in several hundred professional competition entries. With the advent of virtual reality (VR) techniques, architects will at first intensely criticise the new technology, before adopting and improving it, and they will modify it with domain specific contributions. The knowledge of architectural abstraction and simulation is useful to the further development of VR and vice versa. Today, the newest methodological and technical instruments help designers to create a more responsible architecture, many aspects of which can be experienced and tested before construction. This includes the possibility of expanding the number of senses addressed for the explanation of an architectural idea. To structure the discussion about VR in architecture, we first describe the theoretical framework, then move to the description of a Architectural Space Laboratory at the Architecture Department of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, and follow this with examples of program development. We conclude with speculations on the impact of the new technology on the architecture of the future.

scholarly journals Brings Reality Through Virtual Reality

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Sazkia Noor Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Cinematic Experience ◽  
The Impact

Film festival is a place to convey specific film for specific purposes. Festival nowadays were broaden their medium, not only on screen but also involved more audience with new technology mobile devices. As the longest running documentary film festival in Indonesia, Festival Film Dokumenter (FFD) have been concern about the impact of film screenings to the audience. Since 2016, FFD have been intend to using several medium to convey disability rights awareness. FFD conducted the program Virtual Reality (2016) and The Feelings of Reality (2018). Both of those program were using Virtual Reality (VR) technology during the festival showcase. In 2016 program, the audience even placed in the replica setting to have a similar situation with people with epilepsy.  VR is the new attempt to brings the new documentary experience. This technology lead the impression of reality to the audience. VR known as a device that can enhance the audience cinematic experience. In documentary filmmaking, which always closely associated with the depiction of reality - in a way, the VR technology can provide different perspective on perceiving documentary. In documentary screenings, VR have a powerful strength on bringing the reliable reality which closer to the audience.  Festival offers the discourse on watching the documentary into experiencing the documentary using VR. This paper will discuss about how festival provide alternative medium to present disability issue to the public. Vice versa, how audience raised their awareness through VR technology. This study conducted in qualitative impact study that focused on in-depth interview with both festival organizer/programmer and audience. This study found out that VR technology identically constructed the reality. This method is the most effective way to  raising the awareness because people would feel how to live with disability closely and clearly. Rather than just watching a film, experiencing disability through VR prove a different impression to the audience. By presenting the actual condition of people with disability, VR succeed to give more heightened impact and awareness on this issue. 

scholarly journals Equal Opportunities in Academic Careers? How Mid-Career Scientists at ETH Zurich Evaluate the Impact of Their Gender and Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Hansmann ◽  
Dagmar Schröter
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Academic Careers ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Professor Level ◽  
The Impact

Gender equality is essential to social justice and sustainable development in the higher education sector. An important aspect thereof is to promote equal opportunities for academic careers. This study investigates the current situation and possibilities for improvement in this regard from the perspectives of mid-career scientists in a sustainability-oriented university department. A survey of scientists from the postdoctoral to adjunct professor level (N = 82) in the Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS) of ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich) was thus conducted to investigate judgements, experiences, and ideas for improvement concerning equal career opportunities. About 90% of the respondents perceived no disadvantages based on gender, ethnicity, race, or faith. However, about 30% felt disadvantaged due to their age. Comments revealed not a single case in which latter disadvantages were based on prejudice. Instead, ETH-wide or national age and time-based restrictions for certain positions caused the inequality perceptions. Furthermore, comments indicated that these restrictions can disadvantage scientists taking care of children. Some participants suggested a revision or removal of corresponding rules. Further suggestions included an improved availability of childcare places. ETH Zurich recently undertook great efforts to provide excellent and affordable childcare services, increasing the number of available places by about 30% in the year following this survey.

scholarly journals Rudolf Wolf: Lehrer, Forschungsorganisator und Wissenschaftshistoriker. Zu seinem 100.Todesjahr

Gesnerus ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 223-241
Author(s):  
Beat Glaus
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Swiss Federal Institute ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
Centennial Anniversary ◽  
Sun Spots ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Rudolf Wolf (1816-1893): Astronomer;, Research Organizer, Historian of Sciences Rudolf Wolf is remembered by the scientific comm unity above all as a pion eer of sun spots research. On the centennial anniversary of his death it is appropriate to review his other achievements, which have been wrongly neglected. Wolf organized various astronomical, geodetic and meteorological projects. For example, it ivas on his initiative that the Federal Observatory in Zurich, designed by the famous architect Gottfried Semper, was built. He taught at academic institutions m Berne and Zurich and developed the library of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, from its beginnings. His contributions to the history of science are still of interest today: Biographien zur Kulturgeschichte der Schweiz (4 vol., 1858-1862) ; Geschichte der Astronomie (Munich 1877, reprint 1965) ; Geschichte der Vermessungen in der Schweiz (1879) ; Handbuch der Astronomie, ihrer Geschichte und Literatur (2 vol., 1890—1893; reprints 1973).

scholarly journals Mieczysław Wolfke - a pioneer of holography

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Petelczyc
Keyword(s):  
Swiss Federal Institute ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Holographic Method ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
World Scientific Publishing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Liquid States ◽  
University Of Zurich ◽  
The University

Receiving the Nobel Prize in 1971 for the invention and development of the holographic method, Dennis Gabor mentioned Mieczysław Wolfke as the person who proposed this method as early as 1920 (which he did not know, independently making the same discovery). This article describes the history of Wolfke's pioneering work and tries to recreate the thought process that led to it - starting with the task of supplementing and verifying the diffraction grating theory proposed by Ernst Abbe, which he carried out as part of his doctorate at the University of Wrocław and habilitation at the University of Zurich and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.. Full Text: PDF ReferencesW. Łaniecki, Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, 21, 545-553 (1976). DirectLink W. Keesom, "Solidification of Helium", Nature 118, 81 (1926). CrossRef W. Keesom, M. Wolfke, "Two liquid states of helium", Konink. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, Proc, 31(190b), 90-94 (1928).W. Keesom, Helium (Elsevier, Amsterdam 1942).E. Abbe, Die Lehre von der Bildentstehung im Mikroskop (F. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1910). CrossRef R. Torge, Postępy Fizyki, 53, 201-210 (2002). CrossRef A.Kiejna, Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki, 48, 7 (2003). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters bei künstlicher Begrenzung", Ann Phys. 339, 277 (1911). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Prace matematyczno-fizyczne, 22, 135 (1911). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters bei asymmetrischer Abblendung", Ann Phys. 342, 96 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines durchlässigen Gitters", Ann Phys. 342, 797 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Zur Abbildung eines durchlässigen Gitters", Ann Phys. 343, 385 (1912). CrossRef K. Petelczyc, E. Kędzierska, Mieczysław Wolfke. Gdyby mi dali choć pół miliona… (OWPW, Warszawa 2018). DirectLink L.A. Aslanov, G.V. Fetisov, J.A.K. Howard, "Crystallographic Instrumentation", Oxford (1998). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Wiadomości matematyczne 17, 1 (1913). DirectLink M. Wolfke, "Allgemeine Abbildungstheorie selbstleuchtender und nicht selbstleuchtender Objekte", Ann Phys. 344, 569 (1912). CrossRef M. Wolfke, "Über die Abbildung eines Gitters außerhalb der Einstellebene", Ann Phys. 345, 194 (1913). CrossRef M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 15, 1123 (1913).M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 15, 1215 (1913).M. Wolfke, Verhandlungen der DPG, 16, 4 (1914).M. Wolfke, "Fragen zur Pathologie des menschlichen Oedems", Physikalische Zeitschrift, 22, 375 (1921). CrossRef Akta osobowe - Wolfke Mieczysław, Archiwum Akt Nowych sygn. 2/14/0/6/6638, WarszawaM. Wolfke, Physikalische Zeitschrift, 21, 495 (1920). DirectLink S. Lundqvist, Nobel Lectures, Physics 1971-1980 (World Scientific Publishing Co. Singapore 1992) CrossRef

scholarly journals The impact of graphic works of Giovanni Battista Piranesi upon the formation of conceptual architecture and real architectural space

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Aleksei Yur'evich Lysenkov ◽  
Liliya Faatovna Lysenkova
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Art And Architecture

The subject of this research is the graphic heritage of the prominent Venetian master of the XVIII century Giovanni Battista Piranesi. The goal consists in examination of the role of Piranesi’s heritage in history of art and architecture. The author demonstrates the key milestones of his creative path, reveals the fundamental conceptual questions and themes of his graphic compositions. The defining influence of the depicted architectural compositions of Piranesi on the formation of one or another architectural object is viewed on the particular historical examples. The main research method consists in drawing parallels and designation of continuity of architectural ideas between the works of Giovanni Battista Piranesi and such architects successors as Joseph Paxton, Antonio Sant'Elia, Tony Garnier, Pietro di Gottardo Gonzaga, Ivan Leonidov, etc. The scientific novelty and practical importance of the article lies in tracing the trajectory of influence of the ideas, themes and architectural-spatial solutions of the great aquafortist upon his contemporaries and all following generations of architects. Particular historical examples demonstrate the defining influence of the depicted architectural compositions of Piranesi on the formation of one or another architectural object, as well as the emergence of famous conceptual architectural projects (including projects-utopias) in historical retrospective until the present time.

Thermoplastic Elastomers

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman R. Legge
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
American Chemical Society ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Technology Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemistry Division ◽  
Successful Innovation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract It is a great pleasure to return to Montreal to receive the Charles Goodyear Medal at this joint meeting of the American Chemical Society, Rubber Division, and the Rubber Chemistry Division, Chemical Institute of Canada. This occasion has given me a delightful opportunity to renew old friendships in both organizations and to visit again my graduate school at McGill. First of all, I thank the Awards Committee and the Executive Committee of the Rubber Division for electing me to this high honor which I share with my many collaborators who were with me during those exciting years, and with the Shell Companies. The subject of the lecture is “Thermoplastic Elastomers,” specifically the triblock copolymers based on styrene and dienes, or hydrogenated dienes. Previously I have used the subtitle, “A Successful Innovation,” where I have defined “innovation” as the successful commercialization of a new technology, process, or product. In this lecture, I shall discuss the background of the innovation, the impact of it upon the thermoplastic elastomer field, and some of the early history of thermoplastic elastomers, which I believe you will find interesting.

scholarly journals Impact of pairing an augmented reality demonstration with online video lectures… Does it improve students’ performance?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Surendheran Kaliyaperumal ◽  
Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab ◽  
K. Martin Sagayam ◽  
Radzi Ambar ◽  
Hazwaj Mhd Poad
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Video Lecture ◽  
Video Lectures ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Paired T Test

Due to the increased shifts in recent technologies, the education sector has also started to reshape itself to face the future. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are among the few recent trends that drive this shift forward. This study was set to study the impact of pairing a video lecture course with an AR presentation. A class of multimedia students (N=33) from Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India; underwent an experiment of watching a video lecture module and attending a quiz. The same class again went through a similar test where they had to watch video lectures, get to experience what they learned in Augmented Reality for 10minutes, and then appeared for the quiz. The paired t-test conducted on the two sets of scores obtained by the class indicates a statistically significant increase in the average final scores when AR experience is paired with the video lectures. The feedback from the students was also positive on the AR experience.   Keywords: Augmented reality, Education, e-learning, Video lectures

scholarly journals The Impact of New Technology on China-Japan Economic Development Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Jing Xi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Financial Supervision ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bubble Economy ◽  
Innovation Cooperation ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War, Japan played a leading role in economic recovery and became the world’s second largest economic power. But in 1985, the Japanese entered the bubble economy. After the bubble burst in the early 1990s, Japan’s economy collapsed and fell into a “lost era.” Since then, Japan has not fully recovered. The lack of financial supervision bears an inescapable responsibility for the formation, development and bursting of Japan’s bubble economy. Japan should probably take comprehensive deepening reforms, especially supply-side structural reforms, as the main tasks of the current and next phases. China and Japan have a long history of economic cooperation and innovation cooperation with a good foundation. At present, some important changes have taken place in the global economic and technological conditions, which have had a trending influence on the economic innovation cooperation between China and Japan. The new technology revolution has greatly expanded the field of Sino-Japanese cooperation and innovated the cooperation method, and the prospect of win-win cooperation between the two sides will be even broader.

scholarly journals Impact of the Haptic Virtual Reality Simulator on Dental Students’ Psychomotor Skills in Preclinical Operative Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Abeer Farag ◽  
Danya Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Class I ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Virtual Reality Simulation ◽  
Operative Dentistry ◽  
The Impact

One of the current trends in dental education is to empower dental students on a global platform using advanced technology. Haptic virtual reality simulation (HVRS) is a relatively new technology in the field of teaching and learning operative dentistry. This study aims to assess the impact of haptic virtual reality simulation (HVRS) on dental students’ psychomotor skills acquisition in preclinical operative dentistry. Class I cavity preparations (CP) were performed at baseline by 21 novice dental students on plastic teeth. Duration of CP was recorded and cavity features were evaluated and scored. Then, students were exposed to HVRS training on CP. Another Class I CP was performed by each student on plastic teeth after HVRS training, then evaluated, and the duration was recorded. There was a statistically significant decrease in CP performance time after HVRS training (p < 0.001) and an increase in the mean total marks of CP after HVRS training (p < 0.001). The change in the students’ performance in the CP displayed a statistically significant improvement after HVRS training in smoothness of the pulpal floor (p = 0.047), pulpal floor direction (p = 0.029), buccal, lingual, and mesial wall direction (p = 0.004, p = 0.025, p = 0.002), mesial and distal wall smoothness (p = 0.01, p = 0.001), internal line angle (p = 0.024), and internal point angle (p = 0.029). Overall improved performance in psychomotor skills was found after HVRS training. It could be beneficial to incorporate HVRS training early in pre-clinical operative dentistry courses as an adjunct to conventional phantom head training.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF LEGISLATIVE REGULATION INNOVATION PARK OF THE SWISS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Тетяна Постригань
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Swiss Federal Institute ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Education And Technology ◽  
Institute Of Technology

The article reveals important historical aspects of the legal regulation of the Swiss innovation park, the creation and operation of science and technology parks. The article reveals the issue of adoption and amendment of certain legislative acts regulating the activities of the elements of the innovation structure of Switzerland.Federal laws governing the elements of the innovation structure of Switzerland, their legal status. The adoption of modern federal laws was preceded by a history of development and changes in the legal regulation of the innovation park in Switzerland.The author analyzes the development of scientific research on state and legal regulation of elements of the innovation structure of the state, problems in the legal regulation of activities and trends in the further development of the innovation park in Switzerland.The author identifies the research bodies in accordance with Swiss law.The article states that the State Secretariat for Vocational Education and Technology, which is part of the Federal Department (Ministry) of Economics, deals with innovation policy in Switzerland. The Secretariat may delegate its powers to other government agencies and universities The party interested in the development of the project submits project documentation to the State Secretariat for Vocational Education and Technology. Depending on the type of application, in the case of a decision to support the project, a decision may be made to delegate theproject to a university or other research institution.The author notes that in Switzerland special attention is paid to nanotechnology, engineering, chip development, agriculture and biochemistry. The author emphasizes that one of the largest science parks is represented by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and characterizes the activities of this institute.The article reveals the activities of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology for 2019, identifies the creation of branches of the institute and new companies.

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