scholarly journals A Basic Framework of View Systems Allowing Teleoperators to Pre-Acquire Spatial Knowledge from Survey and Route Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-332
Author(s):  
Ryuya Sato ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kamezaki ◽  
Shigeki Sugano ◽  
Hiroyasu Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
External View ◽  
Heavy Machinery ◽  
Task Time

One of the most important problems in teleoperation of heavy machinery is that the work efficiency of teleoperation is lower than half that of a typical boarding operation. This difference is primarily caused by operators' difficulty in creating mental representations (i.e., cognitive maps) of work sites. Operators have two opportunities to acquire information, namely before work and during work, because the introduction of teleoperation requires about one week. Therefore, we have developed a view system to be used before work to provide environmental information concerning work sites on the basis of human spatial cognition. Cognitive maps can be built by acquiring knowledge from two perspectives—the survey perspective and the route perspective. We display an external view from any viewpoint to acquire knowledge from a survey perspective and a view from an operator's viewpoint, which can be modified by the operator's intention to acquire knowledge from the route perspective. Experimental results using a simulator suggested that a proposed view system could help operators acquire cognitive maps, which may lead to a decrease in task time, the number of stops, and the moving distance and an increase in speed during grasping.

Application of Face Detection Technology in Automatic Sweep Robot

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1355-1359
Author(s):  
Gu Xiong Li ◽  
Kai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Face Detection ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Detection Technology

One being developed automatic sweep robot, need to estimate if anyone is on a certain range of road ahead then automatically adjust running speed, in order to ensure work efficiency and operation safety. This paper proposed a method using face detection to predict the data of image sensor. The experimental results show that, the proposed algorithm is practical and reliable, and good outcome have been achieved in the application of instruction robot.

scholarly journals Map Usage on Smartphones and Acquisition of Spatial Knowledge

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Noriko Shingaki
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Spatial Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Research Domain

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The study of spatial cognition has been one of important research domain for geographic information science. Recently our circumstance to acquire geographic information have been changed (e. g. Wakabayashi, Itoh, &amp; Nagami, 2011), so It is important to clarify the influence of the environmental change in the acquisition of spatial knowledge.</p><p>In this study we revealed relationships between the tendency to use geospatial information on smartphones and the acquisition of spatial knowledge. Currently, most people own smartphones and obtain transit information from them, such as train transit planners and Google maps, when they visit a place for the first time. The usage of geospatial information on smartphones significantly affects the accuracy of cognitive maps. Maps, including train route maps, present locational information widely, in a two-dimensional space; thus, users can understand the relationships among locations over a wide area. In contrast, the small displays of smartphones permit the concurrent viewing of only small areas of geospatial information. Locational information, such as the results of transportation planner applications, are typically described in a one-dimensional space, from start point to goal point.</p><p>Little is known regarding the effect of accessing geospatial information through smartphones on cognitive maps. The purpose of this study was to determine how people obtain locational information and how the experience of accessing locational information through smartphones affects the acquisition spatial knowledge regarding locations of places. To understand this spatial knowledge acquisition, we conducted two experiments.</p>

scholarly journals Perception of Vestibular Sensation During Turning Operation of Construction Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-603
Author(s):  
Koji Okuda ◽  
◽  
Youjirou Ohbatake ◽  
Daisuke Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Somatosensory Information ◽  
Construction Machine

A major challenge in remote control is the reduction in work efficiency compared with on-board operation. The factors of reduction in work efficiency include a lack of information (information such as perspective, realistic sensation, vibration, and sound) compared to on-board operations. One of the factors is the lack of vestibular/somatosensory information regarding rotation. To clarify the effect of the presence of input of vestibular/somatosensory information regarding rotation on the worker’s operation, we conducted a basic laboratory experiment of a horizontal turning operation. The experimental results indicate that a response appropriate for the input of information regarding rotation can be made only with visual information; however, the reaction is delayed in the case without the input of information regarding rotation in comparison with a case with the input of information regarding rotation.

Applications of Binocular Parallax Stereoscopic Displays for Tasks Involving Spatial Cognition in 3D Virtual Environments

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Mark Thomas McMahon ◽  
Michael Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Stereoscopic Display ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Stereoscopic Displays ◽  
3D Space ◽  
3D Virtual Environments

Stereoscopic display technologies have seen wide spread application in entertainment and gaming contexts through their ability to intensify the perception of depth. However, their potential for enhancing the development and application of spatial knowledge within a 3D space is not as certain. Existing research suggests that stereoscopic displays can contribute both positively and negatively to the process of spatial cognition within 3D virtual environments. In order to explore this issue, a study comparing experience with binocular parallax stereoscopic displays to standard monoscopic displays was undertaken using a 3D virtual environment that required users to complete tasks using spatial cues. Findings suggested that spatial experience with binocular parallax stereoscopic displays and standard monoscopic displays was comparable in terms of effectiveness, though the experience was subjective and many participants found that binocular parallax stereoscopy created a strong emotional response.

Differences in Spatial Knowledge of Individuals With Blindness When Using Audiotactile Maps, Using Tactile Maps, and Walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Papadopoulos ◽  
Marialena Barouti ◽  
Eleni Koustriava
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Coding ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Tactile Maps ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Blind Individuals

To examine how individuals with visual impairments understand space and the way they develop cognitive maps, we studied the differences in cognitive maps resulting from different methods and tools for spatial coding in large geographical spaces. We examined the ability of 21 blind individuals to create cognitive maps of routes in unfamiliar areas using (a) audiotactile maps, (b) tactile maps, and (c) direct experience of movement along the routes. We also compared participants’ cognitive maps created with the use of audiotactile maps, tactile maps, and independent movement along the routes with regard to their precision (i.e., the correctness or incorrectness of spatial information location) and inclusiveness (i.e., the amount of spatial information included correctly in the cognitive map). The results of the experimental trials demonstrated that becoming familiar with an area is easier for blind individuals when they use a tactile aide, such as an audiotactile map, as compared with walking along the route.

Spatial Cognition: Systematic Distortions in Cognitive Maps

1984 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruo Okabayashi ◽  
Shawn M. Glynn
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Maps

SUBCONSCIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION PERCEIVING BEHAVIOR AND ITS ATTENUATION IN INFORMATION-BASED EVACUATION EXPERIMENT

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1250049 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIZHONG YANG ◽  
SHAOBO LIU ◽  
PING RAO ◽  
KONGJIN ZHU
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Evacuation Experiment

An evacuation was studied from a classroom by means of experiment and simulation. In the experiments, evacuation with and without visibility was mimicked by requiring the evacuees to wear eye masks or not. The distribution of evacuees' egress times against initial positions and the flow rate at exits were studied. It was found that when masks were used, evacuees' egress strategies were highly dependent on their pre-perceived environmental information in subconsciousness which might affect the egress process. Thus we call this phenomenon the "subconscious environmental information perceiving behavior." In the simulation, a cellular automata model considering the influence of sound information and the subconscious behavior was used to simulate the experiments. Both the experimental and the simulation results show that the sound information plays a more important role in evacuation without visibility than in normal condition, and the pre-perceived environmental information is also very important when people have poor visibility because of the subconscious environmental information perceiving behavior. The simulation results consist with the experimental results well. This study is useful for understanding the human behaviors during emergency evacuation with poor visibility under the guide of sound signal.

scholarly journals Mapas cognitivos do mundo: representações mentais distorcidas? / Cognitive maps of the world: distorced mental representations?

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
José Queiroz Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
The World

O mapa é representante físico de um ambiente, ele não é esse ambiente. No entanto, esse caráter representacional do mapa raramente é assimilado no processo de construção da representação mental dos ambientes. Quanto maior a extensão do ambiente representado, tanto mais provável que a cognição ambiental construída nessa experiência ambiental indireta esteja sujeita a vieses e estereotipias, como no caso de países e do mundo, em que a representação cartográfica é sempre entremeada de aspectos simbólicos, políticos, ideológicos. A exposição consciente e crítica a uma variedade de formas de representação da Terra é fator crucial para o desenvolvimento de uma representação mental rica, precisa e flexível, à altura da complexidade e do dinamismo presentes nas virtualidades globalizadas que governam nossas vidas. Se dissociados do ambiente, como iremos nos apropriar dos espaços, nos identificarmos com os lugares, para podermos atingir formas sustentáveis de relacionamento social e ecológico com o planeta?

scholarly journals Retrosplenial cortex and its role in spatial cognition

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mitchell ◽  
Rafal Czajkowksi ◽  
Ningyu Zhang ◽  
Kate Jeffery ◽  
Andrew Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
General Function ◽  
Spatial Reference Frames ◽  
Landmark Location ◽  
Overlapping Classes

AbstractRetrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a region within the posterior neocortical system, heavily interconnected with an array of brain networks, both cortical and subcortical, that is engaged by a myriad of cognitive tasks. Although there is no consensus as to its precise function, evidence from both human and animal studies clearly points to a role in spatial cognition. However, the spatial processing impairments that follow RSC damage are not straightforward to characterise, leading to difficulties in defining the exact nature of its role. In the present article we review this literature and classify the types of ideas that have been put forward into three broad, somewhat overlapping classes: (i) Learning of landmark location, stability and permanence; (ii) Integration between spatial reference frames, and (iii) Consolidation and retrieval of spatial knowledge (“schemas”). We evaluate these models and suggest ways to test them, before briefly discussing whether the spatial function may be a subset of a more general function in episodic memory.

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