The Phenomenology of Anomalous World Experience in Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Pienkos ◽  
Steven Silverstein ◽  
Louis Sass
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
The World ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractThis current study is a pilot project designed to clarify changes in the lived world among people with diagnoses within the schizophrenia spectrum. The Examination of Anomalous World Experience (eawe) was used to interview ten participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (sz) and a comparison group of three participants with major depressive disorder (dep). Interviews were analyzed using the descriptive phenomenological method. This analysis revealed two complementary forms of experience unique toszparticipants: Destabilization, the experience that reality and the intersubjective world are less comprehensible, less stable, and generally less real; and Subjectivization, the dominance of one’s internal, subjective experiences in the perception or interpretation of the lived world. Persons with depressive disorders, by contrast, did not experience disruptions of the reality or independence of the world or any significant disruptions of appearance or meaning. These results are consistent with contemporary and classic phenomenological views on anomalous world experience in schizophrenia.

Mother-child dynamics in early-onset depression and childhood schizophrenia spectrum disorders

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Cook ◽  
Joan R. Asarnow ◽  
Michael J. Goldstein ◽  
Valerie G. Marshall ◽  
Edith Weber
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Significant Characteristic ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Positive Statements ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Depressed Children

AbstractFamily interaction patterns were compared for children with depressive disorders and children with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Results indicated that compared to SSD children, depressed children were less positive and more negative when interacting with their mothers. Additionally, depressed children did not significantly reciprocate positive or negative statements initiated by their mothers, whereas reciprocity of both positiveness and negativeness was a significant characteristic of the SSD children. While no between group differences were found in the base rates of mothers' positive and negative responses, mothers of SSD children were more likely than mothers of depressed children to reciprocate child negativeness. Maternal reciprocity of positive statements, while not discriminating diagnostic groups, was a significant characteristic only of mothers of depressed children. The implications of these results for theories of developmental psychopathology are discussed.

scholarly journals The ability to recognize odors in patients suffering from the schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depressive disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol LIII (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Nadezhda G. Dmitrieva ◽  
Denis A. Shunenkov ◽  
Sergej N. Enikolopov
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Smell Function ◽  
State Depression ◽  
Emotional Condition

The works purpose was to study connection between smell malfunction that reduces level of smell recognition (anosmia) and current emotional condition of patients who suffer from schizophrenia spectrum disorders and patients with depressive disorders. Methods of research. Patients who suffer from schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F20, F21, F23, F25), depressive disorders (F32, F33), and healthy individuals were examined. Methods of evaluation of current emotional condition were Beck Depression Inventory and SnaithHamilton Pleasure Scale. To determine malfunction of smell function Professional olfactometric set of odorous substances RAMORA was used. Results. In patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, the level of smell recognition is significantly lower than in the group of patients suffering from depressive disorders and the group of healthy people. When comparing patients with depressive disorders with a group of healthy individuals, there is a slight decrease in the identification of odors, close to normal values. In patients with depressive disorders and patients with schizophrenia, an increase in the level of anhedonia and depression is detected in comparison with healthy subjects. The overall level of smell recognition is not related to the indicators of the current emotional state (depression and anhedonia) in both clinical groups. However, the relationships between the identification of individual odorants and the actual emotional state in the group of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were revealed. Conclusions. A decrease in the level of odor identification (anosmia) is observed in patients with schizophrenia spectrum. These disorders are not typical for patients with depressive disorders and people who do not suffer from mental illness. The obtained results require additional research. It can be assumed that the indicators of olfactory processes can be an additional diagnostic method of the emotional and personal sphere of patients with the schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

scholarly journals Te role of disturbances of the psychosexual spherein schizophrenia in diagnosing of paraphilias

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Demidova ◽  
G. E. Vvedensky ◽  
T. E. Makarova ◽  
M. Yu. Kamenskov ◽  
L. N. Shtark
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Male Role ◽  
Sex Role Stereotypes ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Te article is concerned with the study of disturbances in psychosexual sphere, which are specifc for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Te results of a comparison of two groups are presented: 29 people were diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder and a comparison group of 34 people without endogenous pathology. Te study outcomes of their gender self-consciousness with methods «MF», «CTAT», «Coding» are shown that the presence of endogenous disorder changes the psychosexual profle of patients on a number of signs. Persons with schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder, regardless of their comorbide diagnosis of paraphilia are characterized by lower value of masculinity, high distinction with the male role, absence of intention to line up with the man-image, in some cases instability of identity, altered emotional attitudes to sex-role stereotypes, emotional ambivalence.

Comparison of self-stigma and quality of life in depressive disorder and schizophrenia – a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S356-S356
Author(s):  
M. Holubova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
S. Matousek ◽  
K. Latalova ◽  
M. Marackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

BackgroundThe views of one's self-stigma and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and depressive disorders are significant subjective notions, both being proven to affect patient's functioning in life. The objective of this research was to find out the quality of life and self-stigma in connection with demographic factors and compare the two groups of patients in those variables.MethodIn a cross-sectional study, the outpatients with the schizophrenia spectrum disorders and depressive disorders completed the quality of life satisfaction and enjoyment questionnaire, the internalized stigma of mental illness scale and a demographic questionnaire during a routine psychiatric control. Furthermore, both patients and their psychiatrists evaluated the severity of the disorder by clinical global impression-severity scale.ResultsThe quality of life of patients with depression or schizophrenia spectrum disorders did not significantly differ between the two groups. In both groups, unemployment was perceived to be a significant factor decreasing the quality of life. Self-stigma was detected to be higher in patients with schizophrenia as compared to the depressive patients. A strong correlation was found between the two scales, meaning that those with higher levels of self-stigmatization were less prone to see their life as fulfilling and joyful.ConclusionsThe present study shows that the degree of the internalized stigma can be an important aspect linked to the quality of life irrespective of the diagnostic category.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Yoga-Based Group Intervention for In-patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders—A Qualitative Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Schulze ◽  
Eric Hahn ◽  
Inge Hahne ◽  
Niklas Bergmann ◽  
Lukas Marian Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Yoga may pose a promising complementary therapy in the multimodal treatment of in-patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, to date, no studies have qualitatively examined in-patients' with SSD experiences of Yoga as well as their perceptions of its limitations and benefits as a treatment component. This qualitative study aimed to explore for the first time the mechanisms and processes of Yoga-based Group Intervention (YoGI) for in-patients with SSD in Germany by asking for their subjective experiences. Findings could serve as a preliminary basis for developing an effective and evidence-based YoGI manual tailored to this patient group.Materials and Methods: In total, 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted directly after YoGI, for which responses were either noted down by hand or audio-recorded. The interview guide was pilot-tested and consisted of 14 questions to explore the personal articulated experiences of participation in YoGI from in-patients with SSD. Positive, negative, depressive, and anxiety symptoms were assessed during a diagnostic interview and through questionnaires. The interview data was transcribed, coded by two independent researchers, and analysed using an inductive thematic approach. The research team collaboratively discussed emerging categories to reduce redundancy and form meaningful themes and subthemes.Results: The analysis revealed seven main themes. YoGI was perceived as feasible and focusing on individual adaptation, captured by the theme inclusivity. Nevertheless, participants encountered challenges; thus, physical limitations need to be considered. While practising together, participants experienced interconnectedness and developed a mindful stance as they accepted their limitations and adapted exercises with self-compassion. Patients described that following the flow of the asanas required physical persistence, which ultimately led many participants to experience confidence and relaxation. YoGI affected symptom representation as heightened awareness led participants to notice impeding as well as improved symptoms.Conclusion: YoGI showed various promising effects on in-patients with SSD. Future research should examine to what extent these effects can be sustained and how the mindful approach during YoGI can be transferred to areas outside the Yoga class. Furthermore, a randomised controlled trial could investigate the effectiveness of a manualised YoGI.

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