What Happened to the Chibok Girls?

Hawwa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Daniel Jordan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Global Discourse ◽  
Nigerian Government

The kidnapping of the Chibok girls by Boko Haram in northern Nigeria generated widespread national and international attention, but a year later that attention has faded and the girls’s fate remains unknown. This essay is an effort to analyze and explain what happened, both to the initial global and Nigerian outrage about the Chibok girls and with regard to Boko Haram more generally. I focus on four issues: 1) the initial outburst of attention after the girls’ abduction—both in Nigeria and globally—and its subsequent waning; 2) what we can learn from the intersecting narratives about gender and Islam that dominated global discourse after the abductions; 3) how to understand the politics around Boko Haram within Nigeria, and particularly the failure of the Nigerian government to rescue the girls or reign in the militant group; and 4) what events so far suggest might happen going forward.

Terrorism and Religion: Boko Haram

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dane Imerman
Keyword(s):  
Political Corruption ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Despite operating as a regional terrorist organization in Nigeria, Boko Haram has gained international attention since kidnapping 276 schoolgirls in 2014. Scholarly research on the organization has since surged, but the literature is still in its formative stages in that it remains fractured and in need of greater synthesis. This assessment of the scholarly literature focuses on two of the most pressing questions concerning religion and Boko Haram and concludes by raising a third question concerning foreign influences that deserves greater scholarly attention. First, what are the causal implications of religion for explaining Boko Haram’s genesis, evolution, and particularly its violent tactics, as opposed to alternative explanations—economic inequality and depravation, political corruption, anti-imperialism, educational disparities, etc.? Second, to what degree is Boko Haram the latest iteration of Islamist violence in Northern Nigeria versus an organization with distinctive origins requiring fresh analysis? Neither question has been definitively answered. While religion is a clear motivation for Boko Haram, questions remain concerning whether it is a root motivation or a symptom of secular causes. Additionally, Boko Haram’s synthetic character—as a Nigerian Islamist group that is simultaneously networked with multiple transnational terrorist organizations—makes it difficult to categorize. Finally, questions concerning foreign influences over Boko Haram—both ideological and financial—have been raised but few empirically validated answers have been produced, offering fertile ground for future research.

scholarly journals BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE RIGHTS OF THE FEMALE GENDER IN NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oke-Samuel Olugbenga ◽  
S. Ayooluwa St. Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Humanitarian Crises ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Nigerian Government

The Boko Haram insurgency in Northern Nigeria and counter-insurgency measures adopted by the Nigerian Government has caused humanitarian crises and wanton destruction, thereby having adverse impact on the Nigerian nation and its citizenry especially the female gender. The situation has aggravated and degenerated into internal displacement, loss of livelihood and criminal acts such as abduction, murder and rape. This paper examines the various human rights violations perpetrated on the female gender as a result of the insurgency and counter-insurgency operations, it highlights the various women and girls’ rights instruments and in conclusion, posits that gender equality, economic empowerment for female folks, partnership with foreign superpowers and adopting an effective intelligence network are possible means of putting a stop to the insurgency and reducing its effect on the female gender in the Country.

The Boko Haram Reader

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cook
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Long Line ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The World

Since it erupted onto the world stage in 2009, people have asked, what is Boko Haram, and what does it stand for? Is there a coherent vision or set of beliefs behind it? Despite the growing literature about the group, few if any attempts have been made to answer these questions, even though Boko Haram is but the latest in a long line of millenarian Muslim reform groups to emerge in Northern Nigeria over the last two centuries. The Boko Haram Reader offers an unprecedented collection of essential texts, documents, videos, audio, and nashids (martial hymns), translated into English from Hausa, Arabic and Kanuri, tracing the group's origins, history, and evolution. Its editors, two Nigerian scholars, reveal how Boko Haram's leaders manipulate Islamic theology for the legitimization, radicalization, indoctrination and dissemination of their ideas across West Africa. Mandatory reading for anyone wishing to grasp the underpinnings of Boko Haram's insurgency, particularly how the group strives to delegitimize its rivals and establish its beliefs as a dominant strand of Islamic thought in West Africa's religious marketplace.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Causes of Unemployment among Youths in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S2) ◽  
pp. 567-573
Keyword(s):  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Leadership ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Entire Society ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Unemployed

The rising youth unemployment in Nigeria is indeed disturbing as engagements of unemployed youths in armed robbery, kidnapping, Boko Haram, prostitution and other related social ills in Nigerian society are attributed to high rate of unemployment. The stated involvement in crimes by the unemployed youths does not only constitute social problems to the entire society but obstructs the development of the country. The main objective of this paper is to examine causes of youth unemployment in Nigeria as it relates mostly to moral bankruptcy in public leadership. Secondary sources were being used as the data for this study and it sets its analysis in the context of the neoliberal theory. The results of this study revealed that youth unemployment is caused mainly by corruption among the public office holders that has led to the degrading nature of infrastructures, security, and neglect of agriculture. This study therefore recommends among other things that Nigerian government ought to make its educational system self-reliance for the youths through the introduction of vocational and technical courses. Above all, Nigerian government should insist that its society has the enabling environment for business activities to thrive and that may as well accommodate investors and other businesses globally.

Islamic Leadership Model and the Burden of Terrorism and Leadership in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Olatunde Uthman
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Islamic Leadership ◽  
Northeast Nigeria

Despite the efforts of the Nigerian government at tackling the problems of terrorism and corruption, the terrorist activities of the Boko Ḥarām added to those of herdsmen, cattle rustlers, farmers, cultists, and militias who kill, vandalize, rob, rape, and kidnap with impunity all over the country have virtually destroyed the country, especially Northeast Nigeria. Its tourism industry has virtually gone into extinction in addition to the challenges of human, arms, and drugs trafficking; money laundering; child soldiers; and internally displaced persons in the region. All these take place while the country is also confronting the challenges of corruption. In what ways has Muhammadu Buhari administration tried to free Nigeria from terrorism and corruption? How are the challenges of terrorism and corruption tied to the development of the country? What role can Islamic leadership model play in bringing an end to these multifarious challenges ravaging the country? These are some of the questions that this papers answers using the leadership model of the Sharī‘ah.

The Trypanosome Infections of Tsetse-flies in Northern Nigeria and a new Method of Estimation

1924 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ll. Lloyd ◽  
W. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Trypanosome Infection ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Entomological Research

The Tsetse Investigation in N. Nigeria is being carried out under the auspices of the Imperial Bureau of Entomology, the expense being met by the Nigerian Government. The work was commenced by the present Investigators in 1921 and their Report dealing with the first year's work was published in the Bulletin of Entomological Research (xiii, p. 373, April 1923). This paper deals more fully with the trypanosome infection of tsetses in Nigeria and describes a method of estimating this with rapidity.

scholarly journals Kidnapped and Made Brides: Advancing Quantum Reparation for Sexual and Gender-based Victims in Conflict Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olayinka Oluwakemi Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Access To Justice ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Sex Slavery ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Conflict is the friction resulting from incompatibilities among people. Conflict has become a common experience in many African countries today which has led to bloodshed, death, starvation, famine, and ravaged communities. In this scenario, women and children have always been the worst hit. The girl child, particularly, and women are sexually abused, raped, kidnapped, and sometimes converted to sex slaves or forced into marriages. Since 2009, Boko Haram, a group of notorious terrorists, has been operating in the Northern part of Nigeria. One major feature of the signage of the group is the abduction of girls and women whom they forced into sexual slavery and marriage. In the years following the onslaughts, many of these girls were returned based on negotiations with the Federal Government of Nigeria. Some of the girls were returned defiled, some with children, and some with pregnancies as evidences of their sex slavery experience in the hands of the insurgents and abductors. While the Boko Haram troop’s attack is still an ongoing experience in Nigeria, little or nothing, however, is relayed about the issue of reparation for the girls and women returnees. Access to justice is one major factor that has not been provided for the victims. Using a desktop research, existing literature is reviewed in an analytical and comparative methodology, as available legal provisions are examined. It is suggested to the Nigerian government to involve the victims in the discourse of reparation and ensure their access to justice. This will ensure that quantum reparation is provided. The paper will be of immense importance to the Nigerian government, policymakers, civil organizations, human rights practitioners, the victims, as well as the citizenry. It will contribute in the way of education and policy making to the mentioned people.

scholarly journals The Clamour for an End to Police Brutality: Satire Songs of the EndSars Protests in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Tolu Owoaje ◽  
Kadupe Sofola
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Nigerian Government

The EndSars protests, which occurred in Nigeria in October 2020 employed a great deal of music, which include solidarity songs, popular music, and satirical songs. This article investigates the use of satirical songs in the EndSars protests. The protest, which recorded a massive turnout of protesters in October 2020 across major cities in Nigeria started several months on the social media, most especially Twitter, a microblogging website before it was finally taken to the streets. Anchored on the concept of social movement, it employs the use of participant observation and the social media platforms to gather data which were analysed using content analysis. Apart from being used to ridicule the Nigerian Police which has not engaged Boko-Haram terrorists but instead unleashes terror on harmless youths, satirical songs were used by protesters to express their long piled up anger at the Federal Government of Nigeria. This is due to several unfulfilled campaign promises, as well as the bad state of the nation’s economy which has contributed to the hike in price of food items and other essential commodities, coupled with the growing rate of unemployment. The Nigerian government should use the opportunity created by the massive protests to execute a thorough reform of the Nigerian security establishments and also engage youths more productively in order to enable them to contribute their quota to nation-building.

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