A Rights-Based Approach to Child Poverty Measurement and Child Rights Realisation in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-198
Author(s):  
Anthony Shuko Musiwa

Abstract Against the context of limited research in Zimbabwe on rights-focused child poverty research, policy and practice, this study employs the Bristol Approach to measure the extent and relationship with gender and location, respectively, of child poverty among children aged five years and below (N = 6418). Using Zimbabwe’s 2015 Demographic and Health Survey secondary data, 14 selected measures are tested for validity, reliability and additivity. Severe deprivation estimates are developed, showing the commonest deprivation forms as early childhood development (78 per cent), water (46 per cent), healthcare (44 per cent), sanitation (40 per cent), shelter (30 per cent) and nutrition (13 per cent). While boys and girls are similarly severely deprived, children in rural areas are the most severely deprived. While all deprivations are non-significantly correlated with gender, most are significantly correlated with location. Overall, the study highlights the extreme nature of child rights violations caused by poverty in Zimbabwe, and how rights-based child poverty measurement can better inform policy and practice responses.

Author(s):  
Ndwakhulu Stephen Tshishonga

In the developing world alone, there are over 200 million children who are in need of immediate early childhood development interventions. Most affected by poor or lack of quality ECD are the poor and those children in low income households. Early childhood development interventions protect children against the effects of poverty, poor nutrition, inadequate healthcare, and a lack of education. Globally, various ECD programme interventions in communities clearly indicate that communities and families want quality ECD programmes for their children at a cost that is affordable. In South Africa, quality early childhood development interventions could have a significant effect in reducing poverty and inequality. This chapter interrogates the challenges and benefits of extending quality ECE & D particularly to disadvantaged and materially deprived children in South African informal settlements. The chapter is based empirical research as well as secondary data in the form of books, book chapters, and accredited journals.


2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-457
Author(s):  
Corinne Meier ◽  
Eleanor Lemmer ◽  
Demet Gören Niron

The benefits of early childhood development (ECD) programmes are strongly supported by evidence of reduced school dropout and repetition rates. However, the literature on ECD is primarily grounded in research based in the United States (US); in the light of this gap in the literature, this paper provides a comparative overview of ECD policy and practice from outside of the US, namely in South Africa and Turkey. As a theoretical framework the paper has followed the World Bank’s Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)-ECD Analytical Framework. Findings indicate that both countries have established an enabling policy environment for ECD but implementation and the setting of and compliance to standards for quality is still emerging, in spite of massive strides made in this field during the past fifteen years.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zaenab ◽  
I Nyoman Sueca

<p>Abstract<br />Government policy in a program with education care, and early childhood development (PAUD) as a concrete manifestation of the government’s commitment is in the document “National Program for Indonesian Children (PNBAI). The important value of early childhood (early childhood) period for the growth and development ofchildren in the future, is increasingly realized by parents. This growing awareness raises an escalation of interest for quality early childhood education that can meet their expectations. The intelligence that occurs in children, cognitive theory and psychoanalytic theory is very important in supporting children play a reference in determining the stage of child development in terms of cognitive, afktif, psikomotorik, language, and social emotional. Early childhood learning approach as the main arena in instilling knowledge of Indonesian children aged 4-5 years is done with various setrategi as a skill in mengartur appropriate learning, in order to achieve maximum results which is the hope of society. In some rural communities, many still do not take advantage of their early childhood education opportunities, many factors affect the economy, parents, and the distance to school. During this education from tingkan PAUD to kindergarten in rural areas almost mostly built by the party suwasta in the form of the foundation. This is something that needs to get the attention of the central government to the district level.<br /> <br />Keywords: To hatch the nation’s children<br />Abstrak<br />Kebijakan pemerintah dalam sebuah program dengan pengasuhan pendidikan, dan pengembangan anak usia dini (PAUD) sebagai wujud nyata komitmen pemerintah adalah yang temuat dalam dokumen berupa “Program Nasional Bagi Anak Indonesia (PNBAI). Nilai penting periode anak usia dini (PAUD) bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dimasa yang akan datang, semakin disadari oleh orang tua. Kesadaran yang terus tumbuh tersebut menimbulkan eskalasi/pertambahan minat terhadap pendidikan anak usia dini yang berkualitas yang bisa memenuhi harapan mereka. Kecerdasan yang terjadi pada anak-anak, teori kognitif dan teori psikoanalitis sangat penting dalam menunjang main anak menjadi acuan dalam menentukan tahap perkembangan anak baik dari segi kognitif, afktif, fisikomotorik, bahasa, maupun sosial emosional. Pendekatan pembelajaran anak usia dini sebagai ajang utama dalam penanamkan pengetahuan terhadap anak Indonesia yang berumur 4-5 tahun dilakukan dengan berbagai setrategi sebagai sebuah ketrampilan dalam mengartur pembelajaran yang sesuai, agar mencapai hasil maksimal yang merupakan harapan masyarakat. Di beberapa masyarakat daerah pedesaan masih banyak belum memanfaatkan kesempatannya untuk membeikan pendidikan usia dini terhadap anak-anak mereka, hal ini banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi misalkan, ekonomi, kesibukan orang tua maupun jarak</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.30) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Md. Rahimullah Miah ◽  
Mohamed Sharif Mustaffa ◽  
Surena Sabil ◽  
Amalia Madihie ◽  
Jamayah Saili ◽  
...  

Dynamic education policy and value system can change only with growth and development. This education plays a key role in enhancing about these changes, and the right time to initiate this process of education is better from early childhood. The study explores the issues and challenges of doing early childhood development (ECD) policy for growth of self-regulations along with Sarawakian Primary Schools in Malaysia. Recently the problems of early childhood providing primary schools at Bau district have been starling due to lack of instruments for pre-school services. These issues are now then become more tangled because of its multiracial education policy integration with students’ self-regulations from cultural diversity conditions belonging to variety beliefs and attitudes. Quantitative and qualitative related data were obtained through field observation, interviews and field surveys while secondary data collected from diverse sources. Nearly 57% of the respondents agreed for improvement of ECD policy with sustainable mechanism of monitoring and implementation at each of developmental stages of child. The research has also shown that there are gaps between the aspired and implemented comprehensive education policies for more quality preschool classes and initiatives. The study suggests future research trajectories of a new collaborative alternative dynamic approach to drive the methodological agenda and recommendations on ways to further incorporate the demanding ECD policy instruments towards growth of self-regulations. 


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