Indicators for Monitoring Implementation of EU Equality Directives

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-471
Author(s):  
Emma Lantschner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Regular Monitoring ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Review

Abstract The present article discusses the usefulness of indicators in monitoring not only the legal transposition but also the practical implementation of the two Equality Directives adopted in 2000. It focuses on those provisions of the Directives which have assigned a particular role to ngos, both in reacting to discrimination as well as in preventing discrimination and promoting equality. Indicators have been developed on the basis of a comparative review of transposition and implementation, including case studies on Romania, Hungary and Croatia. Considering the great potential of ngos in contributing to achieve the aims of the Directives and the current worrying trends as to how they are supported in (or obstructed from) taking up their role, the article proposes using these indicators not only in the pre-accession context but also for regular monitoring of all EU member states.

scholarly journals Strengthening the EU’s resilience to hybrid threats

European View ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 178168582110046
Author(s):  
Sandra Kalniete ◽  
Tomass Pildegovičs
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Us Presidential Election ◽  
Hybrid Threats

Against the backdrop of the deterioration of EU–Russia relations in recent years, there has been a shift in the awareness of hybrid threats all across the Union. At the same time, there is evidence of a growing political will to strengthen resilience to these threats. While hostile foreign actors have long deployed hybrid methods to target Europe, Russia’s intervention in Ukraine in 2014, interference in the 2016 US presidential election, and repeated cyber-attacks and disinformation campaigns aimed at EU member states have marked a turning point, exposing Western countries’ unpreparedness and vulnerability to these threats. This article analyses the EU’s resilience to hybrid warfare from institutional, regulatory and societal perspectives, with a particular focus on the information space. By drawing on case studies from member states historically at the forefront of resisting and countering Russian-backed disinformation campaigns, this article outlines the case for a whole-of-society approach to countering hybrid threats and underscores the need for EU leadership in a standard-setting capacity.

Introduction: Aim and Scope of the Book and Its Structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emma Lantschner
Keyword(s):  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
Sustainable Implementation ◽  
Central Hypothesis ◽  
Comparative Review

The introduction lays out the two main aims pursued by the research carried out in the book, its methodology, and its structure. One aim is to investigate how implementation and compliance with norms and policies relating to equality and non-discrimination adopted in the course of EU enlargement could be improved and the likelihood of sustainability (or continuation) of reforms after enhanced accession be enhanced. The central hypothesis is that conditionality is not able to achieve these goals and that reflexive governance is the mode of governance most conducive to an effective and sustainable implementation of the equality acquis through its emphasis on cooperation between all relevant actors and a reflexive learning process. A case study on Croatia has revealed that the lack of consistent and transparent monitoring, as well as insufficient attention to the pooling of results and learning from successes and failures, are among the elements of reflexive governance that have not yet been sufficiently developed. The second aim of this research is, therefore, to make a contribution to both these issues. On the basis of a comparative review of transposition and practical implementation of selected parts of the RED and the EED in EU Member States, it identifies good practices and challenges in the implementation and enforcement of the selected policy options. Drawing from this, indicators are proposed, on the basis of which the progress in the transposition and practical implementation of the EU acquis in the field of equality and non-discrimination can be evaluated.

scholarly journals The 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons: Implementation Within the European UnionMember States and Recommendations for Harmonization

Refuge ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 31-58
Author(s):  
Carol Batchelor
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Union Member ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
European Union Member States

This article provides an assessment of the implementation of the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons as of 2003 within the fifteen European Union Member States. The study provides a brief overview of the history, object, and purpose of the 1954 Convention, analyzing the definition of statelessness and methods for practical implementation. Approaches taken by EU Member States to the identification and recognition of stateless persons on their respective territories are assessed, and recommendations aimed at furthering harmonization of approaches as between States are outlined.

Reflexive Governance in EU Equality Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lantschner
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
The Right ◽  
Employment Equality ◽  
The Eu

The Covid pandemic has revealed how far we, as a European society, still are from the proclaimed Union of Equality. This book explores how the promise of equal treatment can become a reality and compliance with the EU acquis relating to equality and non-discrimination be improved. It studies enforcement and promotion aspects of the two watershed Directives of 2000, the Racial Equality Directive 2000/43/EC and the Employment Equality Directive 2000/78/EC, through the lens of reflexive governance. This governance approach is proposed as having a great potential in enhancing the likelihood of sustainability (or continuation) of reforms in the current candidate countries and EU Member States through its emphasis on reflexive learning processes and the cooperation between EU institutions, national authorities, and civil society actors. In order to deploy this potential, there is, however, a need for more consistent and transparent monitoring, both with regard to candidate countries as well as old and new Member States, and a reconsideration of the understanding of monitoring as such. It should be seen as helping to deconstruct own-preference formations and as an opportunity to learn from successes and failures in a cooperative and recursive process. To work on these lacunae and improve learning and monitoring processes, this book identifies indicators that are deduced from the comparative review of the implementation practice of the Member States. It is thus a contribution to the existing literature in the fields of Europeanization, governance studies, and the right to equality and non-discrimination.

scholarly journals The right to choose health insurer: A comparative review of the EU Member States’ experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Popov ◽  
Kristian Kaludov ◽  
Mehnur Salieva ◽  
Antoniya Dimova
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurer ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

Pacts for employment and competitiveness in the electricity sector

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-649
Author(s):  
Volker Telljohann
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Market Liberalisation

The European Union Energy Sector Directive no. 96/62 laid down that Member States were to initiate a market liberalisation process in the electricity sector. In this context Pacts for Employment and Competitiveness (PEC) represent part of a strategy enterprises are adopting in order to face the challenge of managing the changeover from near-monopoly to internationally competitive structures. The article, based on ten case studies carried out in five EU Member States, looks at the thinking underlying these pacts, the changes at the level of collective bargaining, and how the PECs are interpreted by the parties involved: not only the contents of the PECs, but also the underlying motives, the processes of negotiation and the effects of the agreements. It points to areas in which PECs have been able to contribute to generating win-win situations, but also to possible ambiguities and contradictions linked to the negotiation and implementation of such pacts.

scholarly journals CORPORATE REPORTING: TRANSPOSITION OF THE PROVISIONS OF EU DIRECTIVE 2013/34

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
KOROL Svitlana ◽  
FOMINA Olena ◽  
ZADNIPROVSKYI Oleksandr
Keyword(s):  
Financial Statements ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Eu

Background. Corporate reporting is one of the key tools of external communication. Bringing it in line with EU Directive 2013/34 is in line with Ukraine's European integration plan and the interests of Ukrainian business. The aim of the article is to study the approaches to transposing the provisions of EU Directive 2013/34 on the structure and content of corporate reporting in the EU Member States and in Ukraine to ensure its interna­tiona­lization. Materials and methods. The research was conducted using the methods of theoretical generalization, comparative analysis and synthesis, which allowed to assess the domestic practice and prospects of transposition of EU Directive 2013/34. Results. The provisions of EU Directive 2013/34 on the preparation and publication of annual financial statements are considered. The requirements are systematized and the powers of national regulators to determine the structure and content of financial statements by category of enterprises are analyzed. Approaches to the reform of accounting legislation in the EU member states and in Ukraine are studied. The differences between the measures taken and the prospects for transposition of EU Directive 2013/34 in our country have been identified. Conclusion. Unlike EU countries, the management report and the report on payments in favor of the state are new forms of reporting. The formation of the regulatory framework for the implementation of EU Directive 2013/34 in Ukraine is not completed yet, their preparation and practical implementation require a certain adaptation period to study foreign experience and create a favorable investment environment. Further in-depth study of the provisions of EU Directive 2013/34, in particular on the structure and content of financial statements of various categories of companies, will allow better understand domestic legislative innovations, reporting of business partners from EU countries and make reporting of Ukrainian companies more transparent and useful to increase their competitiveness and investment attractiveness.

scholarly journals Projektowanie innowacyjnych inwestycji społecznych na poziomie ponadnarodowym

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 108-119
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Makarewicz-Marcinkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Member States ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Social Innovations

Designing innovative social investment at the supranational levelIn this paper, social innovations are presented from the perspective of the project Innovative Social Invest­ment: Strengthening communities in Europe, InnoSI, No 649189. The project has been implemented within the framework of the program: Horizon 2020-EU36The study was intended to identify innovative ap­proaches to social investment at national and regional level in 28 EU Member States, with in-depth case studies conducted in 10 Member States. The purpose of this article is to answer the question: whether de­signing social innovations and anticipating social trends at transnational level is an effective measure.

Doing Everything You Can, but Not (yet) Getting it Right: Challenges to Brussels' Great Expectations for Water Quality1

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franca Angela Buelow
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Eu Water Framework Directive ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
European Water ◽  
Improve Water Quality ◽  
Governance Architecture

To arrive at a good status of all European water bodies is the main objective of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD). Since its adoption in 2000, the policy has fundamentally changed the institutional, procedural and organizational structures of Member States' water management, leading to an Europeanization of national legislation and decision-making structures. The case of WFD implementation in Schleswig-Holstein is an example of the policy's highly innovative governance architecture that unfortunately is not (yet) able to take that one last hurdle: to improve water quality and establish a good water status across EU Member States by 2015 or 2027.

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