Conditional and Other Functions of Forms in /-(zα(.))r/ in Abkhaz

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
George Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Semantic Feature ◽  
Finite Form ◽  
North West ◽  
Verbal Noun ◽  
The North ◽  
Morphological Segmentation ◽  
The Future

AbstractProtases ('if'-clauses) in the North West Caucasian language Abkhaz are mostly marked by either /-r/ or /-zα.r/, depending on the tense and/or type of verb (Stative or Dynamic) concerned. The article presents examples of this conditional usage and the role of protasis-type forms in both temporal and interrogative expressions as well as in complementiser-function. The complementisers in question share the semantic feature of irrealis with conditionals. A rhotic element is also found in the non-finite form of the Future I tense, in the Masdar (verbal noun), and in such converbs as the Purposives, the Resultative and the Future Absolute. The article attempts to link the semantic notions of futurity, potentiality, indefiniteness or general irrealis to the rhotic element and asks what might have been the historical development resulting in the forms attested today and thus their original morphological segmentation.

Excavations at Fishbourne, 1963. Third Interim Report

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Keyword(s):  
Interim Report ◽  
The West ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
North West ◽  
The Third ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Future ◽  
Set Up

Early in 1963 much of the land occupied by the Roman building at Fishbourne was purchased by Mr. I. D. Margary, M.A., F.S.A., and was given to the Sussex Archaeological Trust. The Fishbourne Committee of the trust was set up to administer the future of the site. The third season's excavation, carried out at the desire of this committee, was again organized by the Chichester Civic Society.1 About fifty volunteers a day were employed from 24th July to 3rd September. Excavation concentrated upon three main areas; the orchard south of the east wing excavated in 1962, the west end of the north wing, and the west wing. In addition, trial trenches were dug at the north-east and north-west extremities of the building and in the area to the north of the north wing. The work of supervision was carried out by Miss F. Pierce, M.A., Mr. B. Morley, Mr. A. B. Norton, B.A., and Mr. J. P. Wild, B.A. Photography was organized by Mr. D. B. Baker and Mrs. F. A. Cunliffe took charge of the pottery and finds.

scholarly journals P05 Involving patients in the discussion about results from the National Early Inflammatory Arthritis Audit

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Wade ◽  
Jack Loh ◽  
Joshua Withers ◽  
Sarah Fish ◽  
Elizabeth MacPhie
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
North West ◽  
Patient Support Group ◽  
Patient Pathway ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Inflammatory Arthritis

Abstract Background The National Early Inflammatory Arthritis Audit (NEIAA) has provided the opportunity for rheumatology services to benchmark the care they provide. It provides a mechanism to identify where services can make improvements and to raise awareness about inflammatory arthritis. We felt it important to share our results with patients and involve patients in the discussion about how we improve the service we deliver. This project outlines how we went about doing this. Methods Data submitted to the NEIAA online tool were downloaded for analysis. This included all patients recruited during the first year of the audit. Results were presented initially to the Rheumatology Multi-Disciplinary Team. Driver diagrams were developed by the team and areas for improvement identified. A patient poster for the waiting area was also developed. This provided information about our performance in the audit and what changes we were looking to make. Results, driver diagrams and the patient poster were then presented to our National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS) patient support group at one of their lunchtime meetings. We met again two weeks later with members from the patient group to get feedback on the driver diagrams and patient poster. Results Results from the first year of the audit demonstrated that there was significant room for improvement across all seven quality standards. Driver diagrams identified areas for improvement across the whole patient pathway. Forty-five patients and carers attended the lunchtime meeting presentation. Patients identified various areas where they could get involved with improving the patient pathway. These included putting up posters in the community to raise awareness about rheumatoid arthritis and running another Rheumatoid Arthritis Awareness Day. Other proposals were to provide more lunchtime meetings to improve understanding about the condition and management and promote aspects of self-management and developing the role of the Expert Patient locally to support newly diagnosed patients. The patient poster received lots of positive comments, it was suggested that we remove any statistics which might cause alarm and be difficult to interpret and to focus on what quality improvements had already happened locally. Conclusion Involving patients in the discussion has been a fascinating and rewarding experience. Patients have been empowered and their input has been valued. Patients have provided additional suggestions as to how they can get involved to support the service and improve the patient pathway. The patient poster now tells a positive story and acknowledges our unsatisfactory performance in the first year of the audit and more importantly focuses on what we are doing to improve the service we deliver. Disclosures O. Wade None. J. Loh None. J. Withers None. S. Fish None. E. MacPhie Other; EM is the secretary of the North West Rheumatology Club; meetings are supported by an unrestricted educational grant from UCB.

NORTH WEST SHELF 3-D SEISMIC—A DECADE OF DEVELOPMENTS

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
P.S. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Spatial Sampling ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Technological Developments

Woodside as Operator, on behalf of three Joint Venture groups, over the last decade has acquired eight 3-D seismic surveys covering some 4 600 km2 over the Rankin Trend and Dampier Sub-Basin Production Licences and Exploration Permits on the North West Shelf of Australia. This area represents approximately 45 per cent coverage of the present Woodside operated acreage in the area. The acquisition, processing and interpretation technology and also the benefits derived from the 3-D technique have changed remarkably since the first North West Shelf 3-D survey in 1981. This paper focusses on the main technological developments in 3-D seismic, particularly involving multi-source and streamer technology, increased spatial sampling and interpretation techniques which have changed the role of 3-D seismic in Exploration strategies through the 1980s and into the 1990s.

The role of the accommodation sector in tourism routes of the Russian Federarion

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Антон Мосалев ◽  
Anton Mosalev
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Accommodation Sector ◽  
High Standards ◽  
The Individual

The Article presents an analysis of the role of the media sector in the structure created by the placement of tourist routes in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The sample size was 6000 routes in all federal districts of Russia. The problem of poor service provided by the hotel services in Russia is one of the major problems hindering the development of domestic tourism. Value for money and sometimes do not match. Part of the situation could have saved the increasing competition with the hotels listed in the international circuit, which created its own rules of corporate culture, high standards of service, clearly defined for each category of hotel (in terms of stardom). However, this does not justify a revision of its marketing strategy of independent hoteliers. It is also important to pay attention to accommodation, similar to hotels and other accommodation facilities. They are also well represented in the tourist market. According to the author, the low level of service in accommodation facilities is determined not so much by the reluctance of management to improve it, as the structure of demand from tourists and tour operators, to create a product. Most of the routes, which include the need to accommodate tourists, implemented on average, in the area the day — two. At the same time, tourists do not stay in accommodation facilities for a long time and continue your route on. This circumstance serves as an incentive to change the quality of services. Moreover, the article stipulates that personal and other accommodations are well represented in the routes of major federal districts like Central, Ural, Siberia, Far East. Accommodation in hotels more common routes in the North- West, Volga, the Crimea and North Caucasian Federal District. Accommodation facilities, in this case, are the operators of the individual passive format services. However, this strategy cannot be used by all players of the hospitality industry in all federal districts. The specificity of the regions and their remoteness from each other, the price level in the field must be limiting conditions in which hoteliers could develop. It is therefore proposed that the need to actively offer ideas own hiking tour operators or actively interact with them, attracting all new, including the unorganized tourist flows.

scholarly journals Stipendiary Magistrates and Supreme Court of the North-West Territories, 1876-1907

1969 ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Bowker
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Territories

The author discusses the office and role of the early Stipendiary Magistrates in the North- West Territories and their effect on establishing judicial institutions.

scholarly journals CHECKLIST AND DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER LEECHES (ANNELIDA, CLITELLATA, HIRUDINEA) IN TUNISIA WITH IDENTIFICATION KEY

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ben Ahmed ◽  
Yasmina Romdhane ◽  
Saïda Tekaya
Keyword(s):  
Identification Key ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

In this study 13 leech species from Tunisia are listed. They belong to 2 orders, 2 suborders, 4 families and 11 genera. The paper includes also data about hosts and habitats, distribution in the world and in Tunisia. Faunistic informations on leeches were found in literature and in the results of recent surveys conducted by the authors in the North East and the South of the country. The objectives of this study were to summarize historical and recent taxonomic data, and to propose an identification key for species signalized. This checklist is to be completed, taking into account the hydrobiological network of the country especially the North West region, which may reveal more species in the future

scholarly journals Role of Farmer Organizations in the Reinforcement of the Economic Capacities of Farmers in Mezam Division, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Kenette Fru Mbangari ◽  
Mathias Fru Fonteh ◽  
Guillaume Hensel Fongang Fouepe
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
North West ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The North ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Source Data

This study was carried out from February 2018 to June 2019 in Mezam Division-Cameroon, under the auspices of the Program for the Improvement of Competiveness of Family Agro-pastoral Farms (PCP-ACEFA) and the North West Farmers’ Organization (NOWEFOR). The objective of the study was to assess the role of FOs in the reinforcement of the economic capacities of farmers in the region. Secondary sources data were reviewed while primary source data were gotten directly from farmrs in the field. Two hundred and eighty (280) farmers’ members of these FOs were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire and 7 leaders were interviewed using an interview guide. In addition, direct observations were made. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS. The findings show that, 18.57% of the respondents who possessed agricultural equipments in their farms  from the support of SOS Faim/EC, 17.14%  as a result of MINADER  support, 20% as a result of ACEFA support and 44.28% coming from the farmers own capital. Beneficiaries of the aid hired 30% of workerss compared to 12.8% the non beneficiaries. The contribution of FOs in the development of the economic capacities of farmers was overall positive as 48.57% of the beneficiary farmers had a higher income than non beneficiaries. The beneficiaries’ respective mean annual gross margin for market gardening (263, 863), poultry (375,343) and piggery (64,615) are statistically higher than that of non beneficiaries. Conclusively FOs are pivotal for famers in the development process and the strengthening of the economic capacities of farmers.

scholarly journals Some Questions About Evaluating the Role Transport Factor in Economic History the North-West of Russia in the Late XIX – early XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Nikolay M. Mezhevich ◽  
Vladimir M. Razumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
North West ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

Introduction. At present, the understanding that the solution of economic problems facing Russia cannot be based on standard economic approaches and models. It is gradually becoming obvious that attention to the spatial and historical features of the development of the Russian economy has not only academic interest, but also quite obvious practical significance. This can be proved on historical, or more precisely, historical and economic material. In fact, the theory of logic, taken broadly, is based on this. The development of transport and versatile tool to reduce the adverse impacts of space on the eco-economy, physical space turns into economic. The lack of transport connectivity of territories devalues the space of the economy (economic space) to a physical or geographical space. The purpose of the article is to show the role of the city of Saint Petersburg in the economic space of the North-West (understood as Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Novgorod, Pskov provinces) and Russia as a whole, through the development of railway transport in a concrete historical way. Materials and Methods. The historical method is used as the main method. In Russia, the spatial analysis method is almost mandatory, and it is also applied in this article. This method has been widely used in economic history, particularly in the study of transport. At the same time, we recognize the existence of research methods and techniques that are not suitable for this work, for example, the practice of economic and demographic analysis, especially in the neo-Malthusian version. The authors involve in the analysis the works of Russian and foreign scientists on the topic of the article. Results. The article shows the role of the city of Saint Petersburg as an economic and transport center taken in historical dynamics. The role of an important but single transport center in the economic development of Russia is revealed. The thesis is proved that the optimal choice of reference points for economic development has a positive impact on the development of the economic space of the entire country. Discussion and Conclusion. The article proves that the spatial scale of Russia contributes to the fact that the financial results of economic activity can be localized at a significant distance from the place of economic activity.

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