Al-Ḥāʾik’s Notebook, Part I

Al-Abhath ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-67
Author(s):  
Carl Davila
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Print Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lengthy Process

By far the most important manuscript anthology of the texts of the Andalusian music in Morocco (al-āla), Kunnāsh al-Ḥāʾik has undergone a lengthy process of evolution since its apparent first iteration (manuscript #144 at al-Khizāna l-Dāwūdiyya in Tetouan, dated 1202 AH). This article presents an annotated listing of all known songbooks relating to al-āla, whether in manuscript or print form, as reference material for scholarship and raw data for later articles in a series that explores the complex history of the Kunnāsh. Annotations include publication information for print anthologies, material descriptions of manuscripts, and occasional observations about notable features, contents, etc.

History of Universities

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Review Essay ◽  
Original Research ◽  
University Reform ◽  
History Of Higher Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Queens College ◽  
History Of Universities

This issue of the history of universities contains, as usual, an interesting mix of learned articles and book reviews covering topics related to the history of higher education. The volume combines original research and reference material. This issue includes articles on the topics of Alard Palenc; Joseph Belcher and Latin at Harvard; Queens College in Massachusetts; and university reform in Europe. The text includes a review essay as well as the usual book reviews.

scholarly journals Complexity and Relative Complexity in Generative Grammar

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick J. Newmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Simple Theory ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Complex Theory ◽  
Relative Complexity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

The notions of “complexity” and its antonym “simplicity” have played an important role in the history of generative grammar. However, these terms have been used in different ways. There have been discussions about whether the raw data is complex (or not), about whether a particular theory is complex (or not), and about whether a particular analysis is complex (or not). This article both sorts out the various uses of these terms in the history of generative grammar and demonstrates that motivations have changed over time for whether a complex theory or a simple theory is more desirable. The article concludes with a discussion of the issue of relative complexity in generative grammar, that is, whether the theory embodies the possibility that a grammar of one language can be more or less complex than the grammar of another.

The Long March to Merger, 1965-1970

Scott Lithgow ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 157-206
Author(s):  
Lewis Johnman ◽  
Hugh Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Group Competition ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lengthy Process ◽  
Employment Concerns

This chapter follows the lengthy process of the merger between Scotts and Lithgows Limited, taking place over a five year period between 1965 and 1970. It analyses whether or not the merger was inevitable via a detailed history of the contributing factors. It begins with the establishment of the Shipbuilding Inquiry Committee (SIC) and the efforts made to re-invigorate the industry to match international competitors; before tackling the labour question and employment concerns; the transition of the Admiralty to the Ministry of Defence; the status of the Warship Group; competition from Japanese shipyards; the revitalising recommendations of the SIC Report (Geddes Report); the establishment of the Shipbuilding Industry Board; and the difficult industrial relations that persisted throughout. It concludes by suggesting that the merger would be one of name only, due to the four years of unproductive talks, disruptions, and deliberations by those involved.

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Reconstructing the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Early–Middle Jurassic Tlaxiaco Basin in southern Mexico: New insights into the crustal attenuation history of southern North America during Pangea breakup

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zepeda-Martínez ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Point Counting ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Sedimentary Evolution ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sandstone Petrography

<div>File A: Point-counting raw data and recalculated parameters for whole-rock sandstone petrography. File B: Details of analytical methodology and analytical results for individual zircon ages. <br></div>

The Development of Canadian Language Benchmarks Assessment

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonny N. Peirce ◽  
Gail Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Instructional Programs ◽  
Grassroots Initiatives ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
Lengthy Process

In this article the authors describe the development of a new language assessment instrument that will be used across Canada to place adult newcomers in instructional programs appropriate for their level of proficiency in English. The development of the instrument represents one step in a lengthy process of federal and grassroots initiatives to establish a common framework for the description and evaluation of the language proficiency of adult newcomers who speak English as a second language. The authors, who were the test developers on the project, provide an introduction to the development of the instrument, referred to as the Canadian Language Benchmarks Assessment (CLBA). They describe the history of the project and challenges they faced in the test development process. In addition, they give an account of how the instruments were field tested, piloted, and scored. They conclude with a brief discussion of work in progress on the ongoing validation of the instrument.

Hallelujahs, Damnations, or Norway's Reformation as Lengthy Process

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289
Author(s):  
K. E. Christopherson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Lutheran Church ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Oslo ◽  
Constitutional Monarchy ◽  
Lengthy Process

Though one of the most Protestant nations (approximately 96 percent belong to the state Lutheran church), Norway seemingly had neither cause nor opportunity to write the history of her Reformation. For her the modern writing of history began only in the early nineteenth century, triggered by the nationalism of the Napoleonic era and the July Revolution of 1830. Lacking the Reformation era's religious polemicism, Norway produced no church historians, such as those in other countries who helped found modern historiography in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. There was not even a printing press in Norway until 1643. But in 1811 Norway's first university, the present University of Oslo, was founded and soon became a center for historical research and writing. Far more important, on May 17, 1814, Norwegian representatives signed their constitution, making their land a constitutional monarchy. Precipitated by the 1814 Treaty of Kiel, which tore Norway from over four centuries of royal union with Denmark, a Napoleonic “loser,” and forced her into another ninety–year royal union with victorious Sweden, this constitution, as the only one from the revolutionary era to survive the Metternichian system, became the symbol of one of the most fervent and long-lasting displays of nationalism in modern times. This nationalism is the most important key toward understanding the writing Norwegian historians have done, or not done, about their Reformation.

scholarly journals La sustitución lingüística del guanche en las Islas Canarias, un caso excepcional en la historia del mundo bereber = The Language Shift of Guanche Language in the Canary Islands, an Exceptional Case in the History of the Berber’s World

2019 ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Rumen Sosa Martín
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abstract Language ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Lengthy Process

El proceso de sustitución lingüística de la lengua bereber se remonta a los tiempos de apogeo de la expansión fenicia en el Mediterráneo y persiste hasta nuestros días. En las Islas Canarias esta lengua fue sustituida por el castellano en un dilatado proceso que se extendió durante el siglo XV y XVI. A pesar de la complejidad de este proceso en el continente africano, resulta difícil hallar analogías con el caso insular. Inserto en el proceso de castellanización, el proceso canario presenta unas características sociohistóricas que la convierten en un caso único en el ámbito del mundo amazige. Abstract Language shift process of Berber language goes back to the growth of the Phoenician expansion in the Mediterranean and it continues to this day. In the Canary Islands, Berber language was replaced by Spanish language during a lengthy process which lasted from 15th to 16th century. Despite the complexity of this process on the continent of Africa, it is very difficult to find analogies with the insular case there. Within a hispanization process, Canarian process show certain socio-historic specificities that it unique in the Amazigh World.

scholarly journals American family slideshows : 1952 - 1967

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer DiCocco
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of Photography ◽  
Print Form ◽  
Popular Medium ◽  
Vernacular Photography ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Twentieth Century America

Vernacular photography has been a popular topic of research within the platforms of the history of photography and sociological studies and, in its print form, has increasingly seen its value rise in the marketplace. However, the family slideshow has been largely excluded from these various sites of attention. This thesis explores the family slideshow as a cultural product of mid-twentieth-century America. The slideshow is analysed in terms of how it was presented to and consumed by families in the 1950s and 1960s. The main section of this thesis provides an analysis of a case study carried out regarding the slideshow. The case study collected oral histories from four individuals on their experiences with producing and viewing slideshows in the mid-twentieth century. The analysis provides qualitative research on the consumption, production and viewing of the slideshow as a popular medium for family snapshots.

scholarly journals SEJARAH PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA; PERSPEKTIF SEJARAH KRITIS IBNU KHOLDUN

KUTTAB ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoni Rahmatullah Amrozi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Research Results ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Education Needs

The history of Islamic education is inseparable from the internal and external influences on the development and growth of Islamic education, these two influences accumulatively converge into one and produce a whole form of Islamic education in Indonesia. On the other hand the existence of the history of Islamic education has also long been the subject of studies conducted by some historians, both from within and from abroad. There have been many research results that inform Islamic education in Indonesia in a complete and comprehensive form. Based on this fact, the study of the history of Islamic education needs to be analyzed and applied to be used as reference material and references by Muslims themselves to better understand the journey and growth of Islamic education itself reviewed in Ibn Khaldun's perspective.

scholarly journals Science on a Salad Plate?

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-130
Author(s):  
Keri Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Natural History ◽  
New World ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Women's Art ◽  
History Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Reference ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The Women’s Art Association of Canada marked the 400th anniversary of John Cabot’s “discovery” of Canada (celebrated in 1897) through the production of the “Canadian Historic Dinner Service.” The high-profile project, which resulted in a set of hand-painted porcelain dinnerware, was a celebration not only of nation-building, but also of the natural history of the country. Visual reference material provided to the women selected to create the individual pieces included photographs, natural history texts, and illustrations that W.H. Bartlett produced for Canadian Scenery earlier in the century. This article explores this visual reinterpretation of Canada’s natural history in order to raise questions about how a recontextualization of scientific material shapes narratives of nation and nature in the ‘New World’.

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