Lanthanide-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks Solidified by Gelatin-Methacryloyl Hydrogels For Improving the Accuracy of Localization and Excision of Small Pulmonary Nodules

The localization of invisible and impalpable small pulmonary nodules has become an important concern during surgery, since current widely used techniques for localization, such as hookwires, microcoils, and indocyanine green (ICG), have a number of limitations. For example, hookwires and microcoils may cause complications because of their invasive features, while ICG undergoes rapid diffusion after injection and has limited application in the localization of deep-seated lesions. In contrast, lanthanide-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been proven as potential fluorescent agents because of their prominent luminescent characteristics, including large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields, long decay lifetimes, and undisturbed emissive energies. In addition, lanthanides, such as Eu, can efficiently absorb X-rays for CT imaging. In this study, we synthesized Eu-UiO-67-bpy (UiO = University of Oslo, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl) as a fluorescent dye with a gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel as a liquid carrier. The prepared complex exhibits constant fluorescence emission owing to the luminescent characteristics of Eu and the stable structure of UiO-67-bpy with restricted fluorescence diffusion attributed to the photocured GelMA. Furthermore, the hydrogel provides stiffness to make the injection site tactile and improve the accuracy of localization and excision. Finally, our complex enables fluorescence-CT dual-modal imaging of the localization site.

Frygtens Logik. Den kolde krig – en ny global historie 1917–1961

Helge Ø. Pharo, University of Oslo, reviews The Logic of Fear. The Cold War - a New Global History 1917-1961, by Poul Villaume (Gads forlag 2020).

First person – Katharina Vestre

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Katharina Vestre is first author on ‘ Rab7b regulates dendritic cell migration by linking lysosomes to the actomyosin cytoskeleton’, published in JCS. Katharina is a PhD student in the lab of Cinzia Progida at the Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway, investigating the coordination between intracellular traffic and the cytoskeleton, and how this affects processes such as cell division and migration.

Introduction

The articles in the present volume are the result of two workshops held at the Norwegian Institute in Rome that are both robustly disciplinary, but simultaneously raise issues beyond the disciplinary bounds of art history (into philosophy, history of ideas and history) and archaeology (into criminology, heritage studies and contemporary sociology and politics). The first was organised by DniR-researcher Mattia Biffis in October 2019, The Art of Truth: Providing Evidence in Early Modern Bologna. The second section is based on a digital workshop organised by DniR-researcher Samuel Hardy in collaboration with the Heritage Experience Initiative project at the University of Oslo in October 2020, Handling of Cultural Goods and Financing of Political Violence. On cover:ANNIBALE CARRACCI (BOLOGNA 1560 - ROME 1609), An Allegory of Truth and Time c. 1584-1585. Oil on canvas | 130,0 x 169,6 cm. (support, canvas/panel/str external) | RCIN 404770Royal Collection Trust / © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2021.

New skills for the 21st century lawyer students

For the future lawyer digital skills will become valuable, but at the moment there are few opportunities to acquire advanced digital skills through the master’s of law programme at the University of Oslo. One new elective course, “Legal Technology: Artificial Intelligence and Law”, have experimented on how different advanced skillsets can be achieved in a short period of time. In this paper we present our findings and experiences when library and technical staff from the University of Oslo worked together with the Faculty of Law, in developing a non-mandatory law-AI boot-camp.The AI boot-camp had six lectures and workshops and gave a practical view on AI and technological skills. Three lessons on python were given by the company Synch Law1 and library staff. The library gave the second lesson on python trying out a carpentry approach. There was also one workshop about Design Thinking (Brown, 2009) given by the library, and Microsoft gave one lecture about AI and the Azure platform. The last lesson was about digital mentoring held by one of the course tutors.The library had already worked on the use of AI at the University (Gasparini et al., 2018), but not in the context of legal education. By challenging the law students with different innovative practices, we observed that a deeper understanding of AI and technological skills emerged. The law students became more creative when they were exposed to multidisciplinary methods (Seidel & Fixson, 2013).Our findings support the new role the library can have as a partner when new forms of learning and knowledge are created. The library possesses a range of new competencies needed at the University. However, there should be more cross departmental collaboration.

Three Cases That Demonstrate How Students Connect the Domains of Mathematics and Computing

This study uses actor-oriented transfer to investigate different ways in which students make connections across the domains of mathematics and computing. We interview first-year students at the University of Oslo as they work with a set of tutorials that we designed to integrate knowledge from both domains. The cases we present here demonstrate four different types of cross-domain connections: (a) mathematically reproducing the work of a computer program, (b) cyclically improving a program to produce better output, (c) coupling math to output to justify program improvements and (d) coupling math to code to justify program design. We provide rich examples of the ways in which students make these connections and discuss affordances for and barriers to mathematical learning in this context.

Practices in Multiagency Collaboration against Violent Extremism at the City Level: Nordic Approaches

In the Nordic countries, prevention of radicalization and violent extremism is based on an existing crime prevention collaboration. The core tenet of crime prevention approaches is that early radicalization prevention is best organized as a joint effort, where individual cases are assessed holistically and relevant information shared. This presentation is based on Nordic comparative research that provides a critical analysis of policies, perceptions, and practices regarding multiagency approaches. At the city level, we systematically explore how core components of a Nordic governance model contribute to and might be preconditions for effective multiagency collaboration and secure societies. Variations in these city-level approaches lead to an important question: do these various multiagency approaches to countering violent extremisms and radicalization constitute a unified model? The project provides an informed platform for spreading Nordic experiences and models of governance to other countries in the area of radicalization prevention and countering violent extremism. The multiagency collaboration in Nordic cities tends to be composed of a smaller number of professionals, e.g., three to eight, representing social and health services, a coordinator, and the police. Their positions vary; some represent leadership in the municipality, others are positioned at more mid-level management, and others are frontline professionals handling clients on a daily basis. The origin of these collaborative efforts is based on the School, Social and health services, and Police framework (SSP) in Denmark, Norway, and the Ankkuri group in Finland. We assert that future efforts can also be more need-based, comprising municipal/local initiatives with an element of the guiding national policies, and include the legal frameworks to guide professionals on ethical issues like confidentiality. This presentation is part of a larger project entitled “Nordic Multiagency Approaches to Handling Extremism: Policies, Perceptions, and Practices”, led by professor and center director Tore Bjørgo (University of Oslo) and is funded by NordForsk (Nordic Council of Minister), 2018–2021.

The refinement of species affiliation of some click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) based on the molecular genetic analysis

The article is devoted to data on the approbation of modern methods and the refinement of species affiliation of soil-inhabiting larvae of click beetles (wireworm) based on the molecular genetic analysis (DNAbarcoding). For the first time, data obtained on the complete identity of certain DNA sequences of a number of species of click beetles living in the Kostanay Region (Kazakhstan) — dangerous pests of agricultural crops. At the same time, the World genetic bank (GenBank) did not find identical DNA sequences of decoded DNA nucleotide sequences for a number of studied specimens. The basis for this study was the materials collected in 2018 in the subzone of ordinary black earth on sandy loam soils (Mendykarinsky district). The selection of larvae was carried out by the method of standard soil-zoological samples. The fixation and storage of the selected click beetles larvae was carried out according to the method of preparing samples for molecular genetic analysis with fixation in 96 % alcohol. After the classic identification of the taxonomic position of the collected specimens, the species were identified by genetic analysis on the nucleotide sequence of the cytochrome C oxidase I subunit gene (COI). The assembly and decoding of the DNA nucleotide sequences of the studied samples were carried out using the programs «Codon Code Aligner» and «MEGA-X». As a result of the work carried out in the DNA laboratory of the Museum of Natural History (University of Oslo, Norway), it was possible to identify the complete identity of the DNA sequences of several mass species of click beetles, while a number of decoded DNA sequences of model specimens were absent in the genetic bank, which requires replenishment in it with new data.

The Scarab and Scaraboid Seals in the Egyptian Collection of the Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo

The Museum of Cultural History in Oslo is home to a small but fine ancient Egyptian collection. For my Magister thesis at the University of Heidelberg, I had the pleasure of conducting research on the 98 scarabs and scaraboid seals in the collection. The study focused on the bottom motifs and the multifunctional purposes for their owners as well as the important insights they provide into common religious beliefs in ancient Egyptian society. This short overview of the research conducted in Oslo presents all twelve attested bottom motifs and introduces the most remarkable objects in the collection. Covering a time span from the Twelfth Dynasty until the Late Period and most probably the Roman Period, the scarabs and scaraboid seals in the museum bear testimony to 2000 years of cultural history, providing fascinating details about the religious beliefs of the common people as well as demonstrating the importance of these objects in everyday life.

An Arctic transformation; from an in-person international summer school to a digital MOOC

<p>The Arctic, Nordic, Scandinavian and “global north” regions have, individually and collectively, gained increased public, political, commercial, and academic interest over the last decade. For example, regarding issues ranging from climate change to polar ecosystems, and from shipping routes to indigenous knowledge. As such, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art knowledge about the region from truly interdisciplinary viewpoints and multi-scale perspectives (e.g. past, present and future changes, as well as feedbacks between and within the environment and society).</p><p>To address such issues, members of the University of Oslo (UiO) and the <strong>UiO International Summer School (ISS) developed an interdisciplinary MSc-level course, titled "A Changing Arctic" </strong>[1] worth 15 ECTS. The course was structured around three major modules with the opportunity for cross-thematic discussions and knowledge transfer;  Natural Sciences and Technology, Law and Legal Regimes, and Governance and Society. From 2014-2018, for 6-weeks over the northern hemisphere summer, this in-person course welcomed between 15-25 enrolled students annually. It was coordinated by representatives from the Faculties of Law, Natural Sciences (PI from the Department of Geosciences), and Humanities, and also involved a number of guest lecturers from Norway, Europe, and internationally.</p><p>Since 2018, we have been in discussions to develop an additional digital, or hybrid (in-person and online), version of the course to alleviate financial and summertime availability constraints. In 2020, the pandemic further brought to light the need for more flexible, wide-reaching teaching options. A “MOOC” - Massive Open Online Course - offers a <strong>framework for a formal, high quality, free and widely accessible educational resource</strong>. This particularly exciting avenue for reaching people in remote Arctic areas, those who do not fit the traditional university-admissions profiles, as well as people in the global south who may not be familiar with northern processes.</p><p>In 2020, we secured funding from UArctic, and other partners, to begin this process, and as of Jan 2021 have begun with digital course preparations for a interdisciplinary Arctic MOOC to be released in late 2021 (in addition to an ISS enrolled-student stream in summer 2021). We aim to share some of the opportunities and challenges associated with this transition, including coordinating a very large thematic project and many international lecturers/contributers, switching from in-person lectures to "flipped-classroom" and video-style lectures, interdisciplinary pedagogical considerations, Nordic educational frameworks, financial challenges and funding opportunities, typical student profiles, as well as more practical filming and digital elements.</p><p>[1] https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/iss/sommerskolen/ISSMN4030/index.html </p>