IL IX LIBRO DEL DE ARCHITECTURA DI VITRUVIO NEI COMMENTARI DI DANIELE BARBARO (1556-1567)1

Nuncius ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA LOSITO
Keyword(s):  
Projective Geometry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Basic Construction ◽  
Orthographic Projection ◽  
Daniele Barbaro

Abstract<title> SUMMARY </title>Book IX of Vitruvius's DE ARCHITECTURA is devoted to the Gnomonica, which is the art of making solar clocks, or the second part of architecture, and to the basic construction of the Analemma, an orthographic projection of different circles of the sky - blue sphere.The present paper explains the changes to this Book between the 1556 edition and the 1567 editions of Daniele Barbaro's Commentationes.Indeed, while in 1556 Barbaro reconstructs the Vitruvian Analemma, that he had studied in the De horologiis describendis libellus, in 1567 he will more clearly define the Vitruvian Analemma by considering the Ptolemaic Analemma, after the 1562 study in Federico Commandino's Claudii Ptolemaei liber de Analemmate. Barbaro will also apply this Analemma in detail to the construction of the sun-dial, which was done neither by Vitruvius nor by Ptolemy, but in Commandino's Liber de Horologiorum descriptione.The relevance of the Analemma to the theory of planar projections of meridians is pointed out here. Indeed, even if the work of Barbaro seems traditional from the point of view of an astronomer, its implications for projective geometry are of great importance.

 Statistical study of CMEs, lateral overexpansion and SEP events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Adamis ◽  
Astrid Veronig ◽  
Tatiana Podladchikova ◽  
Karin Dissauer ◽  
Rositsa Miteva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Study ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Time Range ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Lateral Expansion ◽  
Time Profiles ◽  
Angular Expansion

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;We present a statistical study on the early evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), to better understand the effect of CME (over)- expansion and how it relates to the production of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events. We study the kinematic CME characteristics in terms of their radial and lateral expansion, from their early evolution in the Sun&amp;#8217;s atmosphere as observed in EUV imagers and coronagraphs. The data covers 72 CMEs that occurred in the time range of July 2010 to September 2012, where the twin STEREO spacecraft where in quasiquadrature &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;to the Sun-Earth line. From the STEREO point-of-view, the CMEs under study were observed close to the limb. We calculated the radial and lateral height (width) versus time profiles and derived the corresponding peak and mean velocities, accelerations, and angular expansion rates, with particular emphasis on the role of potential lateral overexpansion in the early CME evolution. We find high correlations between the radial and lateral CME velocities and accelerations. CMEs that are associated tend to be located at the high-value end of the distributions of velocities, widths, and expansion rates compared to nonSEP associated events.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals WONDERFUL STONES OF THE SOVIET ERA IN P.P. BAZHOV’S TALES

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-106
Author(s):  
Yang Yubing ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
The Urals ◽  
New Era ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War

Problem statement. This article analyzes the lytic component of P. P. Bazhov’s tales of the 1940s and proves that these tales continue the tradition laid down by the tales of the 1930s, in which malachite, copper emerald, and chrysolite were the main stones reflecting the specifics of mining life. The lytic discourse of new tales, in which the sun stone, the key-stone, the patient pebble appear, makes it possible to expand the understanding of both the ideological component of the tales and the mythopoetics of the writer’s fiction as a whole. The purpose of the article is to study the lytic component of Bazhov’s military and post-war tales, in which the contours of the future happy life of the Soviet people are visible through the image of both real and miraculous stones of the new era. Methodology. The article uses the methodology of cultural-historical, ideological-figurative, and symbolic-contextual analysis. Research results and conclusions. The article sequentially examines a number of stones that, in their appearance and in their symbolic properties, can claim the status of stones of the new Soviet era in the Urals. Among these stones we see both real-life stones (heliolite, golden topaz, and rhodonite), which in their appearance and in their symbolic lytic properties can claim the status of stones of the new Soviet era in the “Tales about Lenin”, and magical stones (key stone, patient pebble, and golden mountain blossom). The latter make it possible to assess the utopian potential of the happy future of the Soviet Urals, which from the point of view of the 1940s did not seem absolutely unattainable to Bazhov.

Shadows of the Sun

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-275
Author(s):  
Yin Ker
Keyword(s):  
General Principle ◽  
Spiritual Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Film Proposal ◽  
Animated Film ◽  
Static Images

An inscription on a Chinese statue of Amitabha dated 746 AD reads, “As a matter of general principle, the highest truth is devoid of any image. But if there were no image, there would be no possibility for truth to manifest itself. The highest principle is without words. But if there were no words, how could the principle be known?” From the point of view of an art historian and through the example of a short animated film proposal, this essay investigates the ways in which strategies specific to animation, such as narrativity, metaphorical potency, metamorphosis, and most importantly, the capacity to penetrate intangible dimensions, mitigate these challenges. The author argues that animation offers a more efficacious medium than static images and theory in evincing Buddhist dharma; namely, that in the process of depicting Buddhist thought and practice, both the activity and product of animation become sites of merit-making and means of spiritual transformation in themselves.

scholarly journals Connection of large earthquakes occurring moment with the movement of the Sun and the Moon and with the Earth crust tectonic stress character

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1629-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Kachakhidze ◽  
R. Kiladze ◽  
N. Kachakhidze ◽  
V. Kukhianidze ◽  
G. Ramishvili
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Stress ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Compression Stress ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract. It is acceptable that earthquakes certain exogenous (cosmic) triggering factors may exist in every seismoactive (s/a) region and in Caucasus among them. They have to correct earthquake occurring moment or play the triggering role in case when the region is at the limit of the critical value of the geological medium of course. Our aim is to reveal some exogenous factors possible to initiate earthquakes, on example of Caucasus s/a region, taking into account that the region is very complex by the point of view of the tectonic stress distribution. The compression stress directed from North to South (and vice versa) and the spread stress directed from East to West (and vice versa) are the main stresses acted in Caucasus region. No doubt that action of the smallest external stress may "work" as earthquakes triggering factor. In the presented work the Moon and the Sun perturbations are revealed as initiative agents of earthquakes when the directions of corresponding exogenous forces coincide with the directions of the compression stress or the spreading tectonic stress in the region.

scholarly journals Interaction between the Galactic Disk and Halo Components

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah P. Ostriker
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Galactic Disk ◽  
Stellar Mass ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Disk System ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Metal Abundance ◽  
Random Motions ◽  
Disk Component

At least three component parts of the galaxy must be recognized. TheDisk Componentof the galaxy might be defined as follows. Spatially it is largely confined between the planes ± 1 kpc from the plane of symmetry. With regard to velocities, it is acoldsubsystem in that the random motions within it (~ 20 km/s) are small compared to the systematic flow of rotational motion (~ 200 km/s). Finally, its composition is largely stellar with stars of all ages and masses being present. Few galaxies are known where the ratio of (gas/stellar) mass is &gt; 10% (cf. Roberts 1975a), and the metal abundance is typically high with at most one percent of the stars having metallicity less than 1/4 that of the Sun (cf. Schmidt 1963). From this point of view the spiral parts are a relatively unimportant (in terms of mass and composition) sub-part of the disk system.

The solar altar in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari: architecture and ideology

2016 ◽  
Vol XXIV (1) ◽  
pp. 693-700
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ćwiek
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
The Temple

In a recent article Teresa Dziedzic presented a theoretical reconstruction of the solar altar in the Temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahari, with two obelisks standing on the top of it. From both a technological/logistic and an ideological point of view this hypothesis seems untenable. An alternative reconstruction may be offered in agreement with the archaeological evidence and the ideological program of the temple. Statues of the king and of Amun-Ra placed on the altar served as focal points of an early version of the ritual of ‘joining the sun-disk’.

scholarly journals DAYLIGHT GLARE PROBABILITY PREDICTION FOR AN OFFICE ROOM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mentens ◽  
S. Martin ◽  
F. Descamps ◽  
J. Lataire ◽  
V.A. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Venetian Blinds ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Probability Prediction ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
Best Parameters

Glare assessments are currently made from High Dynamic Range (HDR) images taken from the Point Of View (POV) and viewing direction of a user. This paper analyses the feasibility to estimate the Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) at the user-level based on machine-learning techniques, sun position and a downward-pointing camera sensor mounted at the ceiling of a simulated office environment. Three different office cases have been considered: an empty room, an empty room with venetian blinds and a furnished room without venetian blinds. The influence of the sun direction has been considered as a parameter to predict the observer DGP. Subsequently, the best parameters have been selected to build a black box model using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Results show that, by using the DGP of the ceiling camera and the sun position, it is possible to accurately predict the DGP for an observer’s POV.

scholarly journals Variation of the generalized Compton red shift in the Sun

1988 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 447-450
Author(s):  
M. Missana
Keyword(s):  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Compton Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Made In

The most accurate measurements of red shifts in the solar spectrum, made in different epochs by different astronomers, show a systematic difference, in the average 2 mA° (0.2 pm), that seems quite independent on the wavelengths. Such a result can be explained, at least from a qualitative point of view, by the Compton effect. Indeed a variation of the normalized width U of the spectral lines causes a consequent variation of the Compton red shift: increasing U of the 50%, also the red shift increases of about 0.1 pm. Besides that a variation of the average depth h for the formation of the spectral lines in the reversing layer, may cause, in some model atmospheres a change of the red shift: an increase of about 90 Km for h may induce an increase of about 0.4 pm in the Compton red shift.

An Axiomatic Line Geometry

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 939-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanton Trott
Keyword(s):  
Projective Geometry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dimensional Case ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Line Geometry ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Set Of Points

In their classic treatment (5) Veblen and Young build n-dimensional projective geometry from points and lines. Naturally, each line becomes identified with the set of points with which it is incident, and many treatments build from points alone, postulating the existence of certain distinguished subsets of the set of points. From either point of view, some labour is required, even in the two-dimensional case, to establish duality; hence a considerable interest attaches to self-dual systems of axioms; cf. (2; 3).

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