Arminius on Justification

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Valero Fesko

Much attention has been drawn to Jacob Arminius’s (1560–1609) views on predestination, especially given the eventual rejection of those views by the Synod of Dort (1618–1619). However what some may not realize is that Arminius’s doctrine of justification, especially as it relates to the role and function of faith, was also a source of contention. Historically Reformed theologians viewed faith as purely instrumental in justification, whereas Arminius construed it as foundational. The difference between the two positions can be illustrated in the difference between two prepositions: justification per (through or by) faith vs. justification propter (on account of) faith. Arminius’s views were subsequently rejected by three Reformed confessions, the Canons of Dort, the Irish Articles (1615), and the Westminster Confession (1647). This essay therefore argues, pace much of the recent literature on the subject, that Arminius’s doctrine of justification is Protestant, in that it is not Roman Catholic, but it is not Reformed according to the definitions set forth by its historic confessions—this is a historical judgment, not a dogmatic one.

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzio La Fauci ◽  
Liana Tronci

This paper deals with the complex interaction between form and function in the verb morphosyntax of four Indo-European languages (French, Italian, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Beyond the difference in form, auxiliation patterns in French and Italian, and verb inflections in Ancient Greek and Sanskrit correlate, thanks to the agreement for number and person, to the expression of the relationship with the Subject. The different auxiliation patterns (sum and habeo) and the different inflections (middle and active) correlate to different properties of the Subject. In particular, these forms depend on the syntactic opposition between middle and non-middle. The ways of this dependency are regulated and systematic, although they appear fuzzy and chaotic, not only if the four languages are compared to each other, but also if different morphosyntactic combinations, inside the same language, are concerned.


2018 ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Tsarev

The article considers the role of histamine in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and other pathological conditions. The mechanisms that contribute to the development of skin itching are considered separately. The article also shows the role and function of H1-histamine receptor blockers in the treatment of allergic diseases and pseudo allergic reactions. The mechanism of action, indications, contraindications and side effects of the antihistamine therapy are presented. The article also discusses the difference in first and second-generation antihistamines and shows the possible advantages of the first-generation drugs in paediatric practice. The article presents data on the use of dimethindene maleate (Fenistil) in children’s practice, including the use for the relief of skin itching of various genesis.


1969 ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Brian Kaliel

Civil rights in juvenile courts is an area of the law that has attracted wide discussion and comment in the United States. Canada's laws, however, while following the same general pattern as those in the United States have not been the subject of close scrutiny. The purpose of the article is to scrutinize Canada's laws and place them in the context of modem views as the role and function of juvenile courts.


2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasbi

<p><strong>Abstract:</strong><em> Talking about violence, including violence against women is actually talking about social relations in the long span of human history. Violence against women has been done and manifested in various forms, emerging from social, cultural, economic, and political status and even it was done in the name of religion in all levels of society.  Social relationships and religious understanding often triggered violence against women. Through sociological and religious perspective, this study tried to explore violence against women which had happened in various public places. In the perspective of religion,</em>Islam <em>has taken a similar position as regards both women and men</em> and <em>their rights should be the same and the identical because Islam brings the mission of equality to the world, and the difference lies only in the presence of piety</em> and devotion to <em>God. In the perspective sociology, both men  and women are actually in a balance position. The paradoxical happening of violence against women in the two aspects of knowledge had caused the feminism movement that did not only try to inforce justice and equality between men and women but also tried to reconstruct the role and function of women in order to achieve 'ideal social order’ for the sake of the ideas of equality and justice. At least there should be a movement of feminism which is basically as the transformation of women's movement that aims to create better relationship between men and women.</em></p><p dir="RTL"><strong>الملخص</strong> :إن الحديث عن "العنف" وفيه عن العنف تجاه المرأة حديث عن العلاقة الإجتماعية عبر تاريخ الإنسان. ظهر العنف تجاه المرأة في شتّى الأشكال، ظهر من الناحية الإجتماعية، والثقافية، والإقتصادية، والسياسية بل على أساس الدين في جميع مستويات المجتمع. والعلاقة الإجتماعية والفهم الديني أصبحا – كثيرا ما – مسببا لفعل العنف تجاه المرأة. حاولت هذه الدراسة – بوجهة النظر الإجتماعي الديني – دراسة ظاهرة هذا العنف في كثير من المجتمعات. إن الإسلام لا يفرّق بين كنه الرجل والمرأة. والفرق والتفوّق بينهما كانا في التقوى. وفي الناحية الإجتماعية فإن الرجل والمرأة متساويان متوازيان . فوقوع التعارض وهو العنف تجاه المرأة في العلمين يؤدّى إلى ظهور الحركة النسائية حاولت – ليس فقط -  إقامة العدل والمساواة بين الرجل والمرأة، بل إعادة بناء الفكرة عن دور ووظيفة المرأة  للحصول على النظام العادل للآراء عن العدل والمساواة.  وعلى الأقل لابد من وجود الحركة النسائية كحركة إصلاحية للنساء لتكوين العلاقة الأحسن بين الرجل والمرأة.</p><p><strong>Abstrak: </strong><em>Membincang<strong> </strong>kekerasan termasuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan sejatinya membincang relasi sosial dalam rentang panjang sejarah umat manusia. Kekerasan terhadap perempuan menampakkan diri dalam beragam bentuk, muncul dari ranah sosial, budaya, ekonomi, politik bahkan dari dan atas nama agama dalam semua tingkatan masyarakat.Relasi sosial dan pemahaman keagamaan acapkali menjadi pemicu kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Melalui perspektif sosiologis dan agama, kajian ini berusaha untuk mengeksplorasi kekerasan terhadap perempuan yang muncul dalam beragam entitas masyarakat.</em><em> Dalam ranah agama, Islam sejatinya memandang bahwa tidak ada distingsi antara laki-laki dan perempuan karena ia (Islam) membawa misi kesetaraan, parameter distingsi hanyalah ketaqwaan kepada Tuhan..Dalam ranah sosiologis, semua manusia baik laki-laki maupun perempuan sejatinya berada pada posisi yang seimbang. Terjadinya paradoks berupa kekerasan terhadap perempuan dalam dua ranah keilmuan ini memunculkan gerakan feminisme yang tidak saja mencoba untuk menegakkan keadilan dan kesetaraan antara laki-laki dan perempuan tetapi juga berusaha untuk merekonstruksi peran dan fungsi perempuan demi tercapainya tatanan yang ‘ideal’ bagi ide-ide kesetaraan dan keadilan.Paling tidak harus ada gerakan feminism yang notabene merupakan gerakan transformasi bagi perempuan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan relasi laki-laki dan perempuan kea rah yang lebih baik. </em></p><p><strong>Keywords:<em> </em></strong>kekerasan, perempuan, agama, sosiologi, kesetaraan, keadilan.</p>


Author(s):  
Wing Hong Chui ◽  
Kevin Kwok-yin Cheng

Although there have been a handful of studies examining the work of chaplains and prison volunteers in a Western setting, few have endeavored to conduct research into the experiences of religious workers in Asian penitentiaries. To fill this gap, this article reports on exploratory research examining the work of a selected group of religious workers in Hong Kong prisons. A total of 17 religious workers were interviewed: 10 prison chaplains and 7 Buddhist volunteers who paid regular prison visits. Qualitative findings generated from in-depth interviews present three themes: the range of religious activities performed, the importance of religion for the rehabilitation of inmates, and the hope of continued religious support to prisoners after discharge. The significance of this research is that it sheds light on the understudied work of prison chaplains and volunteers in Hong Kong and portrays the difference between the works of the Christian ministry and Buddhist volunteers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Maslamah Maslamah

This research was conducted to find the values of the character in curriculum based Humanistic. Humanistic curriculum is a model curriculum with emphasis on student-centered learning. By way of this curriculum, educationcan return to its original role and function, which is to increase human dignity and. The catagory ofthis research is leterary and took place in FITK (Faculty of Education), IAIN (State Islamic Institut). The data of research were handouts and reference books that used by lecturers of humanistic-based subjects. The results of this research are: 1) the majority of the subject materials based on humanistic in FITK contains muchcharacter values, such as: love peace, tolerance, empathy, solidarity, asceticism, sincere and so on; 3) in addition, character values are also internalized through a learning process; 3) The values of character that nothing comes from the teachings of Islam, philosophy and civilization of community.Keywords: Character Values, Humanistic Curriculum.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Evsin ◽  
Valeriy Spesivcev

A workshop on the subject "Financial markets" covers all the course topics provided by the curriculum: the role and function of financial markets in the economy; securities market; market of derivative financial instruments; financial markets; regional financial markets. Contains practical and test tasks of different difficulty options that will allow to generate the required GEF professional competence. Comply with Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. Designed for undergraduate and graduate students in areas of training and 38.04.01 38.03.01 "Economics", and can also be useful for all the participants of the financial market, which only began to know its basics.


Author(s):  
Marta González-Cámara ◽  
Alfonso Osorio ◽  
Charo Reparaz

Recent studies have shown different results in identifying which parenting style is the most beneficial for children, which has encouraged certain authors to wonder whether parental control is still needed for optimal parenting. As such investigations have been conducted with different measuring instruments, it is necessary to check whether the use of different instruments leads to different results. In order to figure this out, a systematic review of the recent literature (Web of Science and Scopus, 2000–2017) was carried out. This review found that, using certain instruments, parental control is associated with better outcomes in children, while using certain others, control is associated with worse outcomes. The difference seems to be in the way of measuring parental control.


1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
S. Paulo ◽  
J. K. Bosch

The objective in this article is to report on the role of the cost of capital when financial managers perform valuations in order to take a dividend decision. The dividend decision has been the subject of considerable debate with numerous models, theories, and considerations covering a wide spectrum being proposed and criticized as academicians argue the merits, relevance, and irrelevance of the dividend decision. Despite the lack of agreement as to the relevance of the dividend decision, the relevance of the cost of capital is not, per se, the subject of the dividend debate - it is central to the debate. In an attempt to establish the role and function of the cost of capital with regard to the dividend decision in South Africa, an empirical survey of all firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange was conducted. From this survey it is apparent that for the majority of the respondents the cost of capital does not have a formal or explicit impact on the dividend decision.


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