Factors Underlying Return Migration Decisions among Nigerian Victims of 2019 Xenophobic Violence in South Africa

African Diaspora ◽

10.1163/18725465-bja10005 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Oludayo Tade

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Return Migration ◽

Family Members ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Nigerian Immigrants ◽

Migration Decisions

Abstract Studies on xenophobic violence have mainly focused on their causes and effects, but have yet to probe how victimisation experiences of xenophobia trigger migration intentions and actual practices. In a balance of tales, I examine how families contributed to staying put/return decisions by Nigerian migrants in South Africa following the September 2019 xenophobic violence. The study asks: to what extent do family facilitate and/or contribute to the decision to return? And how do return strategies unveil the centrality of family in taking migration decisions? Data emerged through online interviews with Nigerian immigrants in South Africa who stayed put, and six family members in Nigeria were reached through snowball sampling. This was supplemented with secondary interviews conducted with Nigerian returnees in three National newspapers (The Punch, Vanguard, Nigerian Tribune and The Nation newspapers). Findings show the centrality of family in both migration intentions, staying-put, and the actual practices of Nigerian victims of xenophobia in South Africa.

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Intra-transfer of ownership factors and external transfer of ownership effects: evidence from the Gauteng enterprising community, South Africa

Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in the Global Economy ◽

10.1108/jec-04-2020-0053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 765-785

Author(s):

Risimati Maurice Khosa

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Family Business ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Family Members ◽

Organisational Change ◽

Primary Data ◽

Next Generation ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Content Type ◽

Internal Transfer

Purpose This paper aims to determine the perceptions of family-owned small enterprises on the external transfer of ownership and intra-transfer of ownership using empirical data. This permitted the research to successfully point out the factors that influence the internal transfer of ownership, and also, the effects of intra-transfer of ownership from a viewpoint of both family members and non-family members in small family-owned enterprises. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative research design was used to conduct this research, where primary data was gathered from a sample of 257 respondents using convenience and snowball sampling techniques. Data was collected through a survey instrument distributed via internet-based surveys (SurveyMonkey) and through a drop-off method. The gathered data was then captured, coded and analysed using Stata (version 15) statistical software. Findings The results divulged that intra or internal transfer of ownership is the preferred avenue compared to external transfer of ownership. This is because, when a family business is transferred to the next generation, it presents some benefits to family members working in the business and to the family at large. As a result, the empirical results show that factors that influence the internal transfer of ownership include: favouritism; security, stability and growth; a formal and structured succession plan. Business improvement and organisational change are then the effects of external transfer ownership. Although these effects make business sense, family members will advocate for internal transfer of ownership for them not to lose the benefits that come with the internal transfer of ownership. Research limitations/implications This paper adds to the current family business research in South Africa, thus reducing the shortage of such research. Moreover, the paper proposes further research that will provide tested, practical and detailed guidelines of survival in the next generation. Practical implications The paper empirically highlights the perils of selecting a successor based on favouritism rather than merit and possible consequences, thereby assisting those involved in family enterprise succession to make an informed decision when choosing a successor. Originality/value This research paper provides empirical evidence of the internal transfer of ownership factors and external transfer of ownership effects from a South African perspective.

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Lived Experiences of Young People who Live with Mental Healthcare Users in Limpopo, South Africa

Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.25159/2520-5293/4713 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mamakota Maggie Molepo ◽

Faniswa Honest Mfidi

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Young People ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Daily Living ◽

Support Systems ◽

Family Members ◽

Mental Healthcare ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Burden Sharing

Mental illness is more than just the diagnosis to an individual – it also has an impact on the social functioning of the family at large. When a parent or relative has a mental illness, all other family members are affected, even the children. The purpose of the study was to provide insight into the lived experiences of young people who live with mental healthcare users and the way in which their daily coping can be maximised. A qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological research was undertaken to explore and describe the lived experiences of young people who live with mental healthcare users in the Limpopo province, South Africa. Audiotaped, unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 young people who grew up and lived with a family member who is a mental healthcare user in their homes, until data saturation was reached. A content analysis was used to derive themes from the collected qualitative data. Four major themes emerged as features reflective of the young people’s daily living with mental healthcare user, namely psychological effects, added responsibilities, effects on school performances, and support systems. This study recommends that support networks for young people be established through multidisciplinary team involvement and collaboration and the provision of burden-sharing or a relief system during times of need. With the availability of healthy coping mechanisms and support systems, the daily living situations and coping of young people could be maximised, thereby improving their quality of life while living with their family members with mental illness.

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Gendered Lending Practices: Enabling South African Women Entrepreneurs to Access Start-Up Capital

Journal of Enterprising Culture ◽

10.1142/s0218495814500137 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (03) ◽

pp. 313-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Evelyn Derera ◽

Pepukayi Chitakunye ◽

Charles O'Neill ◽

Amandeep Tarkhar-Lail

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Women Entrepreneurs ◽

Financial Institution ◽

African Women ◽

Future Research ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Start Up ◽

South African Women ◽

Depth Interviews

This study explores gendered lending and marketing practices of start-up capital to women entrepreneurs in South Africa. A multi-method research design, comprising of 6 in-depth interviews with experts, and a survey of 50 women entrepreneurs was adopted using convenience and snowball sampling techniques, respectively. The findings revealed that women entrepreneurs are experiencing gendered discriminatory practices embedded in lending practices used by financial institutions, thereby discouraging them to venture into non-traditional industries. Whilst financial providers may know their products well, many emerging women entrepreneurs in South Africa may find it difficult and costly to obtain information on the thousands of financial products available. Hence, women entrepreneurs resort to taking greater risks than necessary in order to get their businesses off the ground. Educating women on financial matters is extremely important if South Africa is to benefit fully from the untapped entrepreneurial talent that women possess. The study adds voice to the discriminatory lending practices faced by women entrepreneurs in developing countries. Future research could explore the feasibility of establishing a financial institution which caters specifically for the needs of women.

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Views of Medical Doctors Regarding the 2013 WHO Adult HIV Treatment Guidelines Indicate Variable Applicability for Routine Patient Monitoring, for Their Family Members and for Themselves, in South-Africa

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0145911 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e0145911 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Willem Daniel Francois Venter ◽

Lee Fairlie ◽

Charles Feldman ◽

Peter Cleaton-Jones ◽

Matthew Chersich

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Patient Monitoring ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Family Members ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Medical Doctors

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Building the hydrogen economy through niche experimentation and digitalisation

Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management ◽

10.1108/jmtm-11-2017-0247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 1179-1195 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David Walwyn ◽

Andreas Bertoldi ◽

Christian Gable

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Fuel Cells ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Policy Instrument ◽

Government Support ◽

Policy Support ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Hydrogen Economy ◽

Cost Of Transport ◽

Content Type

Purpose Hydrogen fuel cells could play an important role in meeting the challenges of the Two Degrees Scenario. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of this technology in South Africa with the aim of understanding how the country can transform its existing socio-technical systems and act to support a hydrogen-based technological innovation system (TIS). Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods approach has been followed in this study. Secondary data analysis was used initially to build a profile of South Africa’s present energy system, followed by a stakeholder survey of the emerging hydrogen economy. Respondents were selected based on a convenience/snowball sampling approach and were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire, covering opportunities for South Africa in the global hydrogen economy; sources of competitive advantage; the present phase of development; the maturity of each function and the main weaknesses within the TIS; and finally the appropriate policy instrument to remedy the weakness and/or maximise opportunities for local companies. Findings The research has shown that the hydrogen economy is still at a pre-competitive level and requires ongoing government support to ensure an energy transition is realised. In particular, it is important that niche experimentation, a proven strategy in respect of successful sustainability transitions, is further pursued. Importantly, the net cost of hydrogen-based transportation, which is still several times larger than the cost of transport based on the internal combustion engine (ICE), must be reduced, especially in the key applications of public transport and underground vehicles. Furthermore, the development of digital technologies to manage supply fluctuations in energy grids must be accelerated. Originality/value The South Africa economy will be severely affected by the replacement of the ICEs with battery electric vehicles due to the country’s reliance on ICEs for platinum demand. Fuel cells represent a new market for platinum but the hydrogen TIS is still at a vulnerable point in its development; without policy support, it will not contribute to a successful socio-technical transformation, nor provide an alternative outlet for platinum.

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Distinctive nursing practices in working with mothers to care for hospitalised children at a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a descriptive observational study

10.21203/rs.2.23238/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Natasha North ◽

Angela Leonard ◽

Candice Bonaconsa ◽

Thobeka Duma ◽

Minette Coetzee

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Family Involvement ◽

Nursing Practice ◽

District Hospital ◽

Family Members ◽

Models Of Care ◽

Inpatient Ward ◽

Visual Research Methods ◽

Kwazulu Natal ◽

Global North

Abstract Background: The presence of family members and their active involvement in caring for hospitalised children is an established practice in many African paediatric settings, with family members often regarded as a resource. This aspect of African paediatric nursing practice lacks formal expression or a clear conceptual basis, and difficulties arise when applying concepts of family involvement originating from the higher-resourced and culturally distinct practice environments of the global North. The aim of this study was to articulate a nurse-led practice innovation intended to facilitate family involvement in the care of hospitalised children, observed in a paediatric inpatient ward in a district hospital in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: A qualitative case study design was used. Data collection included visual research methods (graphic facilitation, sociograms and photo-elicitation) as well as a focus group, interviews and practice observation. Activities associated with 20 nurses and 22 mother-child dyads were observed. Data were subjected to content analysis, with Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) applied. Results: Findings relate to six aspects of practice, categorised thematically as: preserving the mother-child pair; enabling continuous presence; psychological support and empathy; sharing knowledge; mothers as a resource; and belief and trust. Conclusion: The nursing practices and organisational policies observed in this setting relating to the facilitation of continuous maternal presence represent a distinctive nursing practice innovation. This deliberate practice contrasts with models of care provision which originate in the global North, such as Family Centred Care, and contrasts with informal practices in local African settings which tolerate the presence of mothers in other settings, as well as local institutional policies which limit mothers’ presence to varying extents.

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Management practices and contribution of village chickens to livelihoods of communal farmers: The case of Centane and Mount Frere in Eastern Cape, South Africa

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Busisiwe Gunya ◽

Voster Muchenje ◽

Masibonge Gxasheka ◽

Thobela Tyasi ◽

Patrick Masika

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Management Practices ◽

Social Role ◽

Rural Households ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Eastern Cape ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Village Chickens ◽

Food Needs ◽

Supplementary Feed

Abstract. Gunya B, Muchenje V, Gxasheka M, Tyasi LT, Masika PJ. 2020. Management practices and contribution of village chickens to livelihoods of communal farmers: The case of Centane and Mount Frere in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Biodiversitas 21: 1345-1351. This study was conducted to determine village chickens production practices and their contribution to the livelihoods of farmers in rural households of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Data were gathered using a questionnaire survey of 150 households, which were identified by the use of snowball sampling. Village chickens were the most livestock species kept by farmers, mostly owned by women (79.61% in Centane and 81.06% in Mount Frere) and were kept for household food needs. Some farmers (21.92% and 25.31%) also occasionally sold their chickens at an average of R80 ($7.22) per bird. Most (93.13% and 76.44%) chickens flocks were provided with supplementary feed. The majority of farmers (80.31% and 88.33%) provided shelter for their chickens. The causes of chicken losses were reported to be diseases, predators, parasites and theft. The most cited disease problem was Newcastle (50.32% and 66.02%) while major predators were eagles (84.91% and 81.82%). The most common internal parasites were roundworms and tapeworm whilst the most reported external parasites were poultry lice and mites. The majority of farmers (94.51% and 92.21%) reported using chicken manure to improve the fertility of soils in their gardens. Chickens had a varied social role in the two areas, i.e., donation (61.63% and 68.82%) to neighbors and relatives. The majority of farmers (84.90%) in Centane didn't use chickens for cultural purposes whilst the majority (55.85%) in Mount Frere used chickens for cultural purposes. The present study showed that village chickens have a contribution to the livelihoods of rural households.

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Should individuals migrate before acquiring education or after? A new model of Brain Waste vs. Brain Drain

The B E Journal of Macroeconomics ◽

10.1515/bejm-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Elise S. Brezis

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Brain Drain ◽

Return Migration ◽

Optimal Solution ◽

Unified Model ◽

New Model ◽

Unique Model ◽

Migration Decisions ◽

Timing Of Migration

AbstractShould individuals migrate before acquiring education or after? In order to analyze the optimality of the timing of migration, I develop a model of migration, which combines the two migration decisions into a unique model – the decisions about where to get an education and about where to work. The main reason for having a unified model is that investment in human capital cannot be disjoined from the decision about work. This paper shows that brain drain is usually an optimal solution. But, when we incorporate “brain waste” and “return migration”, then it is optimal to migrate when young.

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