Theology and Politics in Thomas Hobbes's Trinitarian Theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Andrés Jiménez Colodrero
Keyword(s):  
General Problem ◽  
Political Theology ◽  
Divine Omnipotence ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Trinity

AbstractThis article intends to analyse the Hobbesian version of the Christian dogma of the Trinity as it is observed in the corresponding sections of Leviathan, De Cive and Heresy, and alluded to in other texts (controversy with Bramhall). It shall be important to specify: (a) As a starting point, the exact place of such concept within the general problem expressed by the difference between "political theology" and "theologico-political problem" (C. Altini); (b) The main items of the philosopher's Trinitarian exposition as well as his intention while writing it, according to the "secularist", "theistic" and "Divine Omnipotence" interpretations. (J. Overhoff, A. Martinich, P. Springborg, L. Foisneau, F. Lessay, G. Wright); (c) His relationship with the contemporary orthodox currents (Trinitarian) and heterodox currents (antitrinitarian), as well as with the elements from ancient antitrinitarian heresies (subordinationism, modalism, sabellianism).

scholarly journals The Political Theology of Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-89
Author(s):  
Timofey Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Political Theology ◽  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
The State ◽  
Western World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Church

The evolution of Thomas Hobbes’ political thought in the 1630s–1640s was marked by a considerable increase in an interest in the problems of the relations between politics and religion, and the state and the Church. This interest was expressed in his creation of the original conception of political theology, of which the most complete exposition is contained in his treatise Leviathan. In his concept of political theology, Hobbes saw an effective way to solve the theologico-political problem of modernity. At the heart of his political theology lays a new interpretation given by Hobbes to a number of doctrinal propositions of the Christian faith, which was designed to harmonize it with the absolute power of the temporal sovereign. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of those pragmatic strategies where Hobbes proposed to neutralize the explosive potential of the Christian religion for civil peace and the security of the state. It is also shown that the complete subordination of the Church to the State in the political theology of Hobbes served as a starting point for the impotent stage of the process of secularization of the Western world, which led to the separation of politics from religion, and the state from the Church.

scholarly journals Finite Pure Plane Strain Bending of Inhomogeneous Anisotropic Sheets

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Sergei Alexandrov ◽  
Elena Lyamina ◽  
Yeong-Maw Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Plane Strain ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inside Radius ◽  
Elastic Unloading

The present paper concerns the general solution for finite plane strain pure bending of incompressible, orthotropic sheets. In contrast to available solutions, the new solution is valid for inhomogeneous distributions of plastic properties. The solution is semi-analytic. A numerical treatment is only necessary for solving transcendent equations and evaluating ordinary integrals. The solution’s starting point is a transformation between Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates that is valid for a wide class of constitutive equations. The symmetric distribution relative to the center line of the sheet is separately treated where it is advantageous. It is shown that this type of symmetry simplifies the solution. Hill’s quadratic yield criterion is adopted. Both elastic/plastic and rigid/plastic solutions are derived. Elastic unloading is also considered, and it is shown that reverse plastic yielding occurs at a relatively large inside radius. An illustrative example uses real experimental data. The distribution of plastic properties is symmetric in this example. It is shown that the difference between the elastic/plastic and rigid/plastic solutions is negligible, except at the very beginning of the process. However, the rigid/plastic solution is much simpler and, therefore, can be recommended for practical use at large strains, including calculating the residual stresses.

scholarly journals Silent and a audible stereotypes: The constitution of "ethnic character" in Serbian epic poetry

2005 ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Djeric
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Epic Poetry ◽  
National Character ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relevant Feature ◽  
Explanatory Relevance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Epic Poems

The article deals with the explanatory relevance of the concept of stereotype in one of its original meanings - as a "mental image". This meaning of the term is the starting point for further differentiations, such as: between linguistic and behavioral stereotypes (in the sense of nonverbal, expected responses); universal and particular stereotypes; self representative and introspective stereotypes; permanent and contemporary stereotypes; and finally, what is most important for our purposes, the difference between silent and audible stereotypes. These distinctions, along with the functions of stereotype, are discussed in the first part of the paper. In the second part, the relations of silent and audible stereotypes are tested against the introduction of "innovative vocabularies" in popular lore. In other words, the explanatory power of this differentiation is checked through an analysis of unconventional motives in Serbian epic poems. The goal of the argument is to clarify the procedure of self creation of masculinity as a relevant feature of the "national character" through "tactic games" of silent and audible stereotypes. The examination of these "poetic strategies" serves a twofold purpose: to illustrate the process of constructing particular features of the "ethno type", on one hand, and to check hypotheses and models which are taken as frameworks in analyzing stereotypes, on the other.

scholarly journals El reconocimiento del perjuicio ecológico en derecho francés

Bioderecho.es ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chahinaze Sarah Hasnaoui
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Oil Slick ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oil Tanker

Se analiza el reconocimiento del perjuicio ecológico en Francia como resultado de un largo proceso deconstrucción jurisprudencial y doctrinal. Para ello se toma como punto de partida el desastre del Erika, un petrolero cargado de 31 000 toneladas de fuel que se partió en las aguas bretonas, causando una marea negra que alcanzó más de 400 kilómetros de costafrancesa. Se estudian las distintas decisiones de los tribunales implicados en el juicio de esta catástrofe y las distinciones que se establecen entre perjuicios subjetivos (intereses patrimoniales y extrapatrimoniales de las personas) y objetivos (daños al ambiente natural). The recognitionof the ecologic damage in France is analysed as a result longprocessof jurisprudential and doctrinal construction. For that, the Erika disasteris taken as a starting point, an oil tanker loaded with 31,000 tons of fuel which broke offin Breton waters, causing an oil slick which affected more than 400 kilometres of French coast.The different court’sdecision involved in the trial of this catastrophe, as well as the difference established between subjective damages (patrimonial and extra patrimonialinterest of the people) and objective damage (environmental damage)have been studied.

scholarly journals The Trinity: Prototype of Real Existence or Danger to Political Wellbeing? Tanner, Volf, and Yannaras in Conversation

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cole
Keyword(s):  
Political Theology ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Real Existence ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Miroslav Volf ◽  
The One ◽  
Social Trinitarianism ◽  
The Trinity

Kathryn Tanner maintains that political theologies based on the Trinity are not only unsound, but potentially dangerous. Her primary concern is that the Trinity, by definition, cannot serve as a “model” for human socio-political organization. Miroslav Volf, while sharing Tanner’s sense that Trinitarian political theologies are fraught, nevertheless, maintains that the Trinity can serve as a “vision” for human socio-political relations, albeit not as a “program”. This article brings Tanner and Volf into conversation with Eastern Orthodox philosopher-theologian Christos Yannaras, whose Trinitarian political theology regards the Trinity as the “prototype” or “archetype” of a mode of existence in which humans can participate by transcending their natures, with the aim of realizing truth. This article argues that Yannaras offers a novel way of conceptualizing Trinitarian political theology which escapes Tanner and Volf’s criticisms, on the one hand, and offers Social Trinitarianism a fresh and fertile perspective that could advance its discourse.

scholarly journals On the self-induction of electric currents in a thin anchor-ring

1912 ◽  
Vol 86 (590) ◽  
pp. 562-571 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
The Self ◽  
Electric Currents ◽  
Fourth Term ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Circular Axis ◽  
Mutual Induction

In their useful compendium of "Formulæ and Tables for the Calculation of Mutual and Self-Inductance," Rosa And Cohen remark upon a small discrepancy in the formulæ given by myself and by M. Wien for the self-induction of a coil of circular cross-section over which the current is uniformly distributed . With omission of n , representative of the number of windings, my formula was L = 4 πa [ log 8 a / ρ - 7/4 + ρ 2 /8 a 2 (log 8 a / ρ + 1/3) ], (1) where ρ is the radius of the section and a that of the circular axis. The first two terms were given long before by Kirchhoff. In place of the fourth term within the bracket, viz., +1/24 ρ 2 / a 2 , Wien found -·0083 ρ 2 / a 2 . In either case a correction would be necessary in practice to take account of the space occupied by the insulation. Without, so far as I see, giving a reason, Rosa and Cohen express a preference for Wien's number. The difference is of no great importance, but I have thought it worth while to repeat the calculation and I obtain the same result as in 1881. A confirmation after 30 years, and without reference to notes, is perhaps almost as good as if it were independent. I propose to exhibit the main steps of the calculation and to make extension to some related problems. The starting point is the expression given by Maxwell for the mutual induction M between two neighbouring co-axial circuits. For the present purpose this requires transformation, so as to express the inductance in terms of the situation of the elementary circuits relatively to the circular axis. In the figure, O is the centre of the circular axis, A the centre of a section B through the axis of symmetry, and the position of any point P of the section is given by polar co-ordinates relatively to A, viz.

Peruvian small and medium-sized enterprises and COVID-19: Time for a new start!

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Durst ◽  
Mariano Martin Genaro Palacios Acuache ◽  
Guido Bruns
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose Crises of any type have become an integral part of business activity and responses to them could make the difference between survival and failure. This applies in particular to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Taking the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic as a starting point, this study aims to investigate how Peruvian SMEs have been coping with COVID-19 so far. Based on that a conceptual framework is proposed which highlights the practice of SMEs trying to deal with a new type of crisis. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on an exploratory qualitative research design involving 25 semi-structured interviews conducted in Peruvian SMEs. Findings The findings demonstrate how the Peruvian firms studied to adapt to the new situation and initiate responses to increasing the chance of survival. Furthermore, the role of the companies’ decision-makers, as well as the role of crisis management and other related approaches in the companies are shown. Research limitations/implications The paper expands the underdeveloped body of knowledge regarding crisis management in Latin America in general and crisis management in SMEs by providing insight into how Peruvian SMEs perceive and adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic. Practical implications The findings presented in this paper have implications for both managers and managerial staff of SMEs but also for the people in charge of the curricula at universities and other teaching-focused institutes. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study of crisis management on the impacts of COVID-19 with a dedicated focus on SMEs from Latin America. It provides fresh insight into current reactions to the Pandemic.

Stasiology (Rothaug, Peterson, Schmitt, Gregory of Nazianzus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 280-300
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Bennington
Keyword(s):  
Political Theology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
Doctrine Of The Trinity ◽  
The One ◽  
The Trinity

Beginning with a curious invocation of our line from Homer by one of the defendants at the so-called “Justices Trial” at Nuremberg, the chapter analyses the famous exchange over “political theology” between Carl Schmitt and Erik Peterson. The inconsistencies of Peterson’s argument are brought out, and attention is drawn to the importance of the use he makes in establishing the supposed impossiblity of a Christian political theology of a quotation about the Trinity from Gregory of Nazianzus. Schmitt’s own claim as to a “stasiology” at the heart of the doctrine of the Trinity, that would support the thought of a political theology of Christianity, is shown to rely on an egregious misreading of Gregory’s text, but doubt is nonetheless cast on the ability of that doctrine successfully to solve the problems associated with the self-destructive properties of the One, as more clearly brought out by Derrida.

A Tool for Discourse Analysis and Visualization

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costin-Gabriel Chiru ◽  
Stefan Trausan-Matu
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Intrinsic Structure ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Paradigms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Social Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Polyphonic Model

In this paper the authors present a system that combines the cognitive and socio-cultural paradigms in the field of discourse analysis in order to analyze both texts written by only one author (for example narrations) and those written collaboratively (chat conversations, blogs, wikis, forums). The novelty of their approach is that the majority of the existing applications are oriented on analyzing only one of these two types, an adaptation being necessary for the analysis of the other type. Another advantage of the presented system is that since it is centered on a dialogistic polyphonic model considering topics as inter-animated voices, it could show the difference between coarse- and fine-grained coherence in discourse, therefore allowing the analysis of a text from two different viewpoints: a) its intrinsic structure and cohesion and b) how well this text fits in a stream of texts (whether it is or not cohesive with the texts before and after it). The dialogistic polyphonic model was used as a starting point for a method for analyzing collaboration and social construction of knowledge in groups and communities using textual interactions, and for several implemented systems for providing computerized support to the analysis method through visualizations and feedback generation.

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