scholarly journals Malta and the study of Arabic in the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-154
Author(s):  
Carmel Cassar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
World War One ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Government School ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The University ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractThe Holy See became aware of the potential evangelising role of the Maltese in Ottoman lands at least from the mid-sixteenth century. This had much to do with Malta's geographical proximity to North Africa, coupled with the ability of the Maltese to speak a native Semitic language, believed to be close to Arabic, while at the same time being fervently Catholic Christians. Malta was singled out for this role mainly because the majority of Levantine Christian communities, then largely under Ottoman rule, were known to speak some form of Arabic. The combination of these factors appeared to be an excellent combination of circumstances to the Catholic Church authorities in Rome who believed that Malta was ideally suited for the teaching of Arabic. In Rome there was a general belief that the establishment of a school of Arabic in Malta, would help make the Catholic Church more accessible to the Christians of the Levant. However, despite continuous efforts, throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, by the Holy Congregation of Propaganda Fide, the teaching of Arabic never really took off in Malta. Under British colonial administration, in the early nineteenth century, Arabic remained on the list of subjects taught at the University of Malta and was later introduced at the Lyceum and the Valletta Government School. The British colonial authorities may even have encouraged its teaching and for a brief time, in the mid-nineteenth century, the well known Lebanese scholar Ahmad Faris al-Shidyaq, was lecturer of Arabic at Valletta. The end of Arabic teaching during World War One coincided with the emergence of the belief, pushed by Lord Gerald Strickland, that the Maltese descended from the Phoenicians. It was believed that the Maltese had preserved ancient Phoenician, rather than Arabic, over the millennia. By associating the Maltese with the ancient Phoenicians Strickland was simply saying that the Maltese might have had Semitic origins but that did not mean they were Arabs.

Lamennais

1947 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Gurian
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Early Church ◽  
The Third ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Papal Infallibility ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The history of the Catholic Church includes men who, after brilliant services to the Church, died outside her fold. Best known among them is Tertullian, the apologetic writer of the Early Church; less known is Ochino, the third vicar-general of the Capuchins, whose flight to Calvin's Geneva almost destroyed his order. In the nineteenth century there were two famous representatives of this group. Johann von Doellinger refused, when more than seventy years old, to accept the decision of the Vatican Council about papal infallibility. He passed away in 1890 unreconciled, though he had been distinguished for years as the outstanding German Catholic theologian. Félicité de la Mennais was celebrated as the new Pascal and Bossuet of his time before he became the modern Tertullian by breaking with the Church because Pope Gregory XVI rejected his views on the relations between the Church and die world. As he lay deathly ill, his niece, “Madame de Kertanguy asked him: ‘Féli, do you want a priest? Surely, you want a priest?’ Lamennais answered: ‘No.’ The niece repeated: ‘I beg of you.’ But he said with a stronger voice: ‘No, no, no.

A „Katolikus Akció” néven társult szervezkedés Marosvásárhelyen és Ágotha Endre papi életútja

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-176
Author(s):  
Mária Csatlós
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
The State ◽  
Peace Movement ◽  
Catholic Action ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Parish Priest ◽  
Political Actions ◽  
The Church ◽  
Life Work ◽  
The Catholic Church

With the available archival resources and through exploring the life, work and political actions of Endre Ágotha, the dean and parish priest of Nyárádselye I trace the unfolding and failing of the schismatic catholic peace movement legitimated in Marosvásárhely in the period 1950-1956. The state backed “Catholic Action” did not succeed in severing the Catholic Church in Romania from Rome by settling the “pending cases” between the church and the state and only a small portion of the clergy joined the movement, yet it has made significant moral damages by dividing the believers and the clergy. The Holy See condemned the movement and it’s key figure Endre Ágotha has brought upon himself the harshest punishment of the Catholic Church: excommunicates vitandus. He received absolution only on his deathbed.

The Apostolic Vicariate of Western Siam and the Rise of Catholicism in Malaysia and Singapore

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Shanthini Pillai ◽  
Bernardo E. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Territorial Jurisdiction ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This article examines the emergence of the Catholic Church in Malaysia and Singapore in the modern period through an exploration of the Apostolic Vicariate of Western Siam (1841–1888). The establishment of this Catholic institution—a temporary territorial jurisdiction in missionary regions that precedes the creation of new dioceses—was key to advancing the transition of the Church from its older colonial model towards a modern national Church. Focusing on the work conducted by French missionaries of the Missions Étrangères de Paris (mep) over these five decades, we analyze the process of developing a local clergy and setting up the socio-cultural scaffolding of the contemporary Catholic Church in the Malay Peninsula. We pay special attention to howmepmissionaries skilfully navigated their missionary activities through encounters with Malay rulers and British colonial officers to secure the creation of a Catholic elite independent of the PortuguesePadroado. Our argument suggests that the apostolic vicariate and the dynamism of the Frenchmepmissionaries in colonial Malaya opened up the pathway for the rise of the ethnic Catholic elites in modern-day Malaysia and Singapore.

scholarly journals The social doctrine of the catholic church as a foundation for the emergence of the legal regulation in the area of social protection in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Shumylo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Social Doctrine ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Catholic Church

The social doctrine of the Catholic Church is an indication of the active involvement of the Church in disseminating the ideas ofthe welfare state and it reflects its attempts to establish ideals of the welfare state through an external influence on the ideology of countriesthat belong to Christendom.Furthermore, one cannot ignore the fact that encyclicals had a direct or indirect influence on the adoption of the first social protectionacts in Catholic Europe where encyclicals played an important role.As a result, the Holy See aligned itself with the labour movement.Considering the fact that papal encyclicals covered the entire Catholic World, these documents can be viewed as an example ofinternational soft law.The first social rights, principles, and values in the area of social protection were enshrined in the encyclicals.Social rights belong to second-generation human rights the legal basis for which comprises international instruments adoptedafter the Second World War (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the Convention for the Protection of Human Rightsand Fundamental Freedoms (1950), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966), the European SocialCharter (Revised) (1965–1996), the European Code of Social Security (1964), meaning 50 years after these rights were enshrined inpapal encyclicals.There is an indisputable fact that has still not been discussed in scientific research on social protection and according to whichthe social doctrine of the Catholic Church can be viewed as an inherent part of the process of occurrence, formation, and developmentof social protection, and it can be regarded as an ideological framework, a source of social rights and principles of social protection.Considering the above-mentioned findings, the social doctrine of the Catholic Church can be defined as the body of legislationadopted by the Holy See regarding the status and development of social and labour rights, their place in a person’s life and in publiclife. Papal encyclicals form the basis of that legislation and they are addressed to believers, bishops, and archbishops.

scholarly journals Una Historia De Larga Duración: La Navidad

Xihmai ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Barceló Quintal
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Catholic Church

RESUMEN Actualmente, para la mayorí­a de los pueblos del planeta, los doce dí­as relacionados con la fiesta de Navidad representan el nacimiento de Jesús en Belén. Sus antecedentes se remontan a casi 4,000 años, cuando estas fiestas estaban relacionadas con la renovación de la naturaleza. Es hasta 345 años después de la muerte de Cristo, cuando el papa Julio I, fijó como fecha del natalicio de Cristo el 25 de diciembre. No sólo la Iglesia católica participó en la historia de esta festividad, en ella entran los pueblos mediterráneos de Europa, Asia y África; y más tarde las culturas americanas hicieron su parte para incorporar nuevos elementos a esta tradición. Abstract For the majority of Christian communities in the world, the twelve days related to the cele­bration of Christmas represent the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem. The antecedents of this story reach back almost 4,000 years when the celebrations were related to the rebirth of nature. Pope Julius I fixed the 25th of December as Christ’s birth date 345 years after His death. The Catholic Church is not the only participant in the history of the celebration; communities in Mediterranean Europe, Asia and Africa also participated. Later, American cultures have also contributed new elements to the tradition.

scholarly journals THE RECOGNITION OF ISLAM IN THE HUNGARIAN LAW OF 1916 (XVII): DOCUMENTS FROM THE VATICAN ARCHIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-365
Author(s):  
ORSOLYA VARSÁNYI
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Legal Recognition ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Catholic Church

This article aims to reconstruct the reception of Act XVII adopted by the Hungarian Parliament in 1916, which brought about the legal recognition of Islam, from the stance of the Holy See of Rome. The research is based on archival material preserved at the Vatican Archives, namely letters exchanged between the Nunziature of Vienna and the Holy See, which are published and translated here. The presentation of so far unpublished material provides an opportunity to follow the growing understanding of the contents and background of this law; the key points of interest of the Catholic Church in this matter are identified; while lexical references seek to shed light on the perceptions of Islam.

scholarly journals Servicios Web 2.0 en el portal UNICA

Telos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-660
Author(s):  
Rigo Grimaldos Olmos ◽  
Anny Paz Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Social Networking Services ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
The University ◽  
The Catholic Church

This investigation aimed to determine the use of web 2.0 services in the Catholic University Cecilio Acosta (UNICA) site by the institution, located in Maracaibo city, Venezuela. The theoretical contributions were supported by O'Reilly (2007), Lévy (2004), Rheingold (2004), Surowiecki (2005), Cobo (2007a), among other authors. The investigation comes from a project attached to the UNICA Research and Postgraduate Deanery, was descriptive, an observation guide was applied to collect information from the UNICA website and the 2.0 services to which it is associated as the platforms for vertical social networks YouTube, Instagram and SoundCloud, and platforms for horizontal social networks Facebook and Twitter. Among the most relevant findings was the exclusive use of social networking services for interaction with the university community, without including other services that seek to generate knowledge. It is concluded that UNICA uses web 2.0 services in its site in a limited and non-strategic way, with a purely informative nature that includes specific topics of the university and the catholic church, which could hinder the knowledge management as process of 21st century universities.

The First Albanian Autobiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-273
Author(s):  
Noel Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Early Education ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Italian Culture ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This essay presents a hitherto unknown work: the first autobiography ever written by an Albanian. It was composed in 1881–2 by a young man (born in 1861) called Lazër Tusha; he wrote it in Italian, and the manuscript has been preserved in an ecclesiastical archive in Italy. Tusha was the son of a prosperous tailor in the city of Shkodër, which was the administrative centre of the Catholic Church in Albania. He describes his childhood and early education, which gave him both a love of Italian culture and a strong desire to serve the Church; at his insistence, his father sent him to the Catholic seminary there, run by the Jesuits. He describes his disappointment on being obliged, after six years, to leave the seminary and resume lay life, and his failed attempts to become either a Jesuit or a Franciscan. Some aspects of these matters remain mysterious in his account. But much of this unfinished draft book is devoted to things other than purely personal narrative: Tusha writes in loving detail about customs, superstitions, clothes, the city of Shkodër, its market and the tailoring business. This is a very rich account of the life and world of an ordinary late-nineteenth-century Albanian—albeit an unusually thoughtful one, with some literary ambition.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 292-304
Author(s):  
Jennifer Walker
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Theatre ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Catholic Church

Taking the 1903 death of Pope Leo XIII as its starting point, the conclusion extends beyond the legal separation of Church and State (1905) in order to trace the ways in which the processes of transformation that were set in motion during the late nineteenth century continued well into the twentieth century. Pierre Nora’s concept of the lieu de memoire illuminates the numerous ways that the sites of Catholic and French memory that the book explores—whether as opera, popular theatre, or concert—found an extraordinary ally in the Republic as it collectively harnessed the power of memory. From its “origin” in the French medieval era, to its transformations throughout the fin-de-siècle, to the response to the devastating fire at Notre-Dame in 2019, the Catholic Church provided (and continues to provide) a new mode of expression for the French Republic. In effect, the success of the twentieth-century renouveau catholique was set in motion by its nineteenth-century forbear: the path was paved by the Republic’s musical Ralliement and the memorialization of its Catholic past as a fundamental cornerstone of its modern existence.

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