scholarly journals Medicine in Practice: European Influences on the Ottoman Medical Habitat

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-241
Author(s):  
Ebru Boyar
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Islamic World

This article considers the transfer of medical knowledge from Europe to the Ottoman empire and argues that what was significant in such transfer was medical practice rather than textual transfer, that the Ottomans were open to adopting medical knowledge from the non-Islamic world, the deciding factor being not the origin but the successful nature of the treatment, and that if there was a border which medical knowledge did not traverse, it was one created by everyday custom not by any Muslim/Christian divide or rejection of knowledge from outside.

On Being a Physician

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Nabel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Medical Professionalism ◽  
Standards Of Accreditation

The role of a physician as healer has grown more complex, and emphasis will increasingly be on patient and family-centric care. Physicians must provide compassionate, appropriate, and effective patient care by demonstrating competence in the attributes that are essential to successful medical practice. Beyond simply gaining medical knowledge, modern physicians embrace lifelong learning and need effective interpersonal and communication skills. Medical professionalism encompasses multiple attributes, and physicians are increasingly becoming part of a larger health care team. To ensure that physicians are trained in an environment that fosters innovation and alleviates administrative burdens, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has recently revamped the standards of accreditation for today’s more than 130 specialties and subspecialties. This chapter contains 6 references and 5 MCQs.

scholarly journals Women vaqfs in the sixteenth-century Sanjak of Krusevac (Alaca Hisâr)

Balcanica ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Dragana Amedoski
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Shed Light

The role of the vaqf in the Ottoman Empire, as in the whole Islamic world, was quite significant, especially in a period marked by the founding of new orien?tal settlements. The first endowers in the newly-conquered lands were sultans, begs and prominent government officials. Affluent citizens also took part in endowing their cities, and women are known to have been among them. The aim of the paper, based on Ottoman sources, is to shed light on the participation of Muslim women in this kind of humanitarian and lucrative activity using the example of the Sanjak of Krusevac (Alaca His?r) in the sixteenth century.

Tayādhūq (Theodocus/Théodoros) and his role in the formation of Islamic medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 096777202110525
Author(s):  
Samet Şenel ◽  
Halil İbrahim Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Early Islamic

Tayādhūq, also known as Theodocus/Théodoros (d. early 8th century AD), was educated in the Gondēs̲h̲āpūr School and served the Sassanid kings. During this period, he contacted the Umayyad court and became the physician of Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf (d. 715 AD), the general governor of the Eastern regions of the caliphate. In addition to his knowledge on the Sassanid scientific tradition, Tayādhūq had a significant role in transferring this tradition to the Islamic world. His ideas were later followed by polymath physicians such as Rhazes (Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, d. 925 AD), Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, d. 1037 AD), and others who lived after him. His medical works were of great importance to the development of early Islamic medicine. Therefore, this study will attempt to illuminate this forgotten scholar's medical knowledge, the works he produced, and finally illustrate his influences on later Muslim physicians.

From New Spain to Damascus: Ottoman Religious Authorities and the Making of Medical Knowledge on Tobacco

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 561-581
Author(s):  
Aslıhan Gürbüzel
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Moral Discourse ◽  
Medical Opinion ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article examines the translation, circulation, and adaptation of the medical opinion of Spanish physician Nicolas Monardes (d. 1588) on tobacco in the Ottoman Empire. In addition to medical and encyclopedist authors, the spread of new medical knowledge in learned and eventually popular registers was the result of the efforts of religious authorities. These latter authorities, namely jurists, Sufis, and preachers, took an interest in the bodily and mental effects of smoking for its moral implications. In forming their medical-moral discourse, they sought and studied contemporary medical works of both Ottoman and European provenance. Challenging the strict division between learned and popular medicine, this article argues that Ottoman religious authorities, while often excluded from the history of medicine, played significant roles in the circulation, adaptation, and localization of medical knowledge.

On Being a Physician

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Nabel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Medical Professionalism ◽  
Standards Of Accreditation

The role of a physician as healer has grown more complex, and emphasis will increasingly be on patient and family-centric care. Physicians must provide compassionate, appropriate, and effective patient care by demonstrating competence in the attributes that are essential to successful medical practice. Beyond simply gaining medical knowledge, modern physicians embrace lifelong learning and need effective interpersonal and communication skills. Medical professionalism encompasses multiple attributes, and physicians are increasingly becoming part of a larger health care team. To ensure that physicians are trained in an environment that fosters innovation and alleviates administrative burdens, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has recently revamped the standards of accreditation for today’s more than 130 specialties and subspecialties. This review contains six references.

Globalisation Interrupted? The Case of Opium in the Circulation of Medical Knowledge in Ming Dynasty China

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Cantón Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Yuan Dynasty ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Medical Tradition ◽  
The Yuan Dynasty ◽  
Western Drug

The spread of Western medical practices to China, initiated during the Mongol dynasty, is often considered an example of “medical globalisation,” but few studies have looked at the actual level of adoption of Western medicine in the period after the Yuan dynasty. This essay analyses eighteen Ming dynasty medical sources in order to assess the role of opium, a Western drug, in post-Yuan medical practice. This essay concludes that opium was not widely used in the first centuries of the Ming dynasty, and, when finally adopted in the sixteenth century, its use was disconnected from the Yuan dynasty medical tradition. These findings make us question the continuity and even the existence of the “Mongol medical globalisation,” as well as the validity of the use of synchronic methodology for the study of centuries-long processes such as globalisation.

scholarly journals Teaching surgery – a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Żyluk
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Current Medical ◽  
Ward Round ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Manual Skills ◽  
Skills Learning

Introduction: Teaching medicine is a specific task consisting of transferring current medical knowledge and rules of medical practice to students. Teaching surgery traditionally includes acquiring manual skills. This article touches several issues concerning surgical education (curriculum) in the course of medical studies. Attention was paid to the specificity of operative room experience, risk of intimidation, anxiety provocation, and potential benefits. The factors which motivate surgeons to engage in teaching students were discussed.Conclusions: It was noticed that the range and methods of transferring medical knowledge during medical studies (the curriculum) frequently does not comply with the requirements of future medical practice. The usefulness of frequent everyday testing of acquired knowledge was emphasised. Unreasonable hopes relevant to the introduction of novel techniques of teaching medicine in training centres with skills learning on dummies and simulators were questioned. The importance of ward-round sand simple manual skills teaching was emphasised.

The unexpected challenges for a doctor in the remote operational military environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
C S Swain
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Medical Confidentiality ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe enclosed environment of a warship amplifies many recognised issues within medical practice, such as medical confidentiality, the conflicts within the doctor-patient relationship, and the impact of social interaction with patients, reflection on which can lead to adaptations in personal working practices within the military setting. Initial concerns about those deploying early on in their career may focus on medical knowledge and ability, but it is important to be aware of the unforeseen, multi-factorial, psychosocial and logistical challenges which are more likely to surface in the remote military environment.

scholarly journals How did Persian and Other Western Medical Knowledge Move East, and Chinese West? A Look at the Role of Rashīd al-Dīn and Others

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Buell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Chinese View

The name of Rashīd al-Dīn (1247-1317) is associated with the transmission of considerable medical lore from China to Mongol Iran and the Islamic World. In fact, Rashīd al-Dīn was only at one end of the exchange, and while Chinese medical knowledge, including lore about pulsing and the Chinese view of anatomy, went west, Islamic medical knowledge went east, where Islamic medicine became the preferred medicine of the Mongol elite in China. The paper traces this process and considers who may have been involved and what specific traditions in an ongoing process of medical globalisation.

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