scholarly journals How did Persian and Other Western Medical Knowledge Move East, and Chinese West? A Look at the Role of Rashīd al-Dīn and Others

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Buell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Chinese View

The name of Rashīd al-Dīn (1247-1317) is associated with the transmission of considerable medical lore from China to Mongol Iran and the Islamic World. In fact, Rashīd al-Dīn was only at one end of the exchange, and while Chinese medical knowledge, including lore about pulsing and the Chinese view of anatomy, went west, Islamic medical knowledge went east, where Islamic medicine became the preferred medicine of the Mongol elite in China. The paper traces this process and considers who may have been involved and what specific traditions in an ongoing process of medical globalisation.

Tayādhūq (Theodocus/Théodoros) and his role in the formation of Islamic medicine

2021 ◽  
pp. 096777202110525
Author(s):  
Samet Şenel ◽  
Halil İbrahim Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Early Islamic

Tayādhūq, also known as Theodocus/Théodoros (d. early 8th century AD), was educated in the Gondēs̲h̲āpūr School and served the Sassanid kings. During this period, he contacted the Umayyad court and became the physician of Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf (d. 715 AD), the general governor of the Eastern regions of the caliphate. In addition to his knowledge on the Sassanid scientific tradition, Tayādhūq had a significant role in transferring this tradition to the Islamic world. His ideas were later followed by polymath physicians such as Rhazes (Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, d. 925 AD), Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā, d. 1037 AD), and others who lived after him. His medical works were of great importance to the development of early Islamic medicine. Therefore, this study will attempt to illuminate this forgotten scholar's medical knowledge, the works he produced, and finally illustrate his influences on later Muslim physicians.

Public Administration in the Islamic World: Considering the Importance of Religion, its Values and Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Daniel Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Salient Region ◽  
The People ◽  
Comparative Public Administration

A small but growing area of public administration scholarship appreciates the influence of religious values on various aspects of government. This appreciation parallels a growing interest in comparative public administration and indigenized forms of government which recognizes the role of culture in different approaches to government. This article is at the crossroads of these two trends while also considering a very salient region, the Islamic world. The Islamic world is uniquely religious, which makes this discussion even more relevant, as the nations that represent them strive towards legitimacy and stability. The history and core values of Islam need to be considered as they pertain to systems of government that are widely accepted by the people. In essence, this is being done in many countries across the Islamic world, providing fertile grounds for public administration research from a comparative perspective. This paper explores these possibilities for future research on this topic.

scholarly journals Cinnabar, Calomel and the Art of kushtasāzī: Mercurial Preparations in Unani Medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Preckel
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper examines the role of mercury in “Graeco-Islamic” medicine, which is referred to as Ṭibb-e yūnānī or unani medicine in South Asia. Having its origin in Ancient Greece, unani medicine spread to the Arabic countries and from the fifteenth century onwards to India. With its main roots in the Greek and Latin sources, the most influential works of ‘ilm al-adviya (pharmacology) were translated into Arabic, Persian and Urdu. Mercury (Arabic: zībaq; Persian: sīmāb; Urdu: sīmāb and pāra) played an important role in all Indian traditions of medicine, and had a prominent place in unani medicine. This paper highlights the historical use of mercury in Indian, Persian and Urdu medical literature, the discourses on its efficacy and some of the important mercurial preparations presented in a selection of unani works. Further, the use of mercury as a single and compound drug and its role in the treatment of different diseases will be analysed.

On Being a Physician

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G Nabel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Medical Professionalism ◽  
Standards Of Accreditation

The role of a physician as healer has grown more complex, and emphasis will increasingly be on patient and family-centric care. Physicians must provide compassionate, appropriate, and effective patient care by demonstrating competence in the attributes that are essential to successful medical practice. Beyond simply gaining medical knowledge, modern physicians embrace lifelong learning and need effective interpersonal and communication skills. Medical professionalism encompasses multiple attributes, and physicians are increasingly becoming part of a larger health care team. To ensure that physicians are trained in an environment that fosters innovation and alleviates administrative burdens, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education has recently revamped the standards of accreditation for today’s more than 130 specialties and subspecialties. This chapter contains 6 references and 5 MCQs.

Expressing criticism and evaluation during three centuries

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt-Louise Gunnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Medical Case ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Modern Author

The article presents a socio-semantic study of evaluative expressions in medical scientific articles from six periods from the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Evaluations relating to the presentations of the medical case, the scientist’s own work and the work of other scientists were studied. The results of the analyses point to a gradual change in the directness of the evaluations; where the author earlier evaluated through his own voice, the modern author chooses to evaluate indirectly through facts and others’ voices. The evaluations were also found to gradually be less strong and more embedded in hedgings of various kinds. The changes in evaluative strength and style reveal the varied positions of the scientists and their scientific community as to the medical knowledge, the stage of the medical community and the role of the medical scientists in society.

scholarly journals Women vaqfs in the sixteenth-century Sanjak of Krusevac (Alaca Hisâr)

Balcanica ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Dragana Amedoski
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Shed Light

The role of the vaqf in the Ottoman Empire, as in the whole Islamic world, was quite significant, especially in a period marked by the founding of new orien?tal settlements. The first endowers in the newly-conquered lands were sultans, begs and prominent government officials. Affluent citizens also took part in endowing their cities, and women are known to have been among them. The aim of the paper, based on Ottoman sources, is to shed light on the participation of Muslim women in this kind of humanitarian and lucrative activity using the example of the Sanjak of Krusevac (Alaca His?r) in the sixteenth century.

scholarly journals Unpacking Business Model Innovation Through an Attention-Based View

M n gement ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 38-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Laszczuk ◽  
Julie C. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Model Innovation ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
New Business ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Established Firms

Attention is considered as a critical driver for business model (BM) innovation in established firms, where existing activities already absorb internal actors’ time and effort. Although previous studies acknowledge the role of attention to detect opportunities or to generate new ideas, we still need to understand how actors deal with attentional tensions inherent in the development of a new additive BM. This article addresses this issue by adopting an attention-based view of BM innovation, that is, by examining the forms of attention involved in the process of developing a new BM. Through a longitudinal study in a small consulting company, we unfold an incremental and ongoing process of new BM development. Our findings identify three attentional stages triggered by specific mechanisms that drive BM innovation, from detecting new ideas to their implementation. The attentional perspective we use in this study revises the role of a prevailing BM in the emergence of new business logics in established firms. While previous studies consider it as an impediment for BM innovation, we reveal that actors can develop new BMs by navigating between differentiation and consistency with the prevailing BM.

scholarly journals PERANAN ULAMA BANJAR ABAD KE-20 DALAM TRADISI PENULISAN HADIS ARBA’ĪN DI BANJAR DAN MALAYSIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasan Said Iderus
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
Islamic World

Banjar is famous for its great scholars and have an important role in the Islamic world. In this study, Banjarese scholars had passions and purposes to enhance, strengthen and develop the tradition of writingHadith. The books of hadith they wrote is not only applicable in Islamic boarding school but also for public usage in this country as well as other countries.Banjarese scholars who was related to hadith ArbaCin the 20th century were Kasyful Muhammad Anwar, Anang Syacrani Arif, Muhammad Syukeri Unus, and Ahmad Fahmi Zamzam. This study attempts to explain the background of those scholars and  their roles in the scientific tradition of Hadith in Banjar as an effort to introduce the  Islamic scholars in Nusantara to Islamic world. This research is based on analysis of historical and biographical data obtained from the collection of documentsand processed descriptively. The study found that the role of Banjarese scholars in the 20th century gave a new nuance to the study of hadith in Banjar and Malaysia.

‘Female Nectar’: A Study of Hybridity and Gender in Contemporary Tibetan Medical Literature on Menstruation

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Bright
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Knowledge ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Cultural Perceptions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Medical Writers

Abstract This essay examines contemporary Tibetan medical literature that deals with menstruation, focusing on the relations among medical, religious and cultural perceptions of women and gender. Present-day medical writers present a hybrid account of menstruation, incorporating key aspects of Tibetan medicine, such as the refining processes of digestion and the red element, with biomedical knowledge, notably the role of hormones. The integration of biomedical thought by Tibetan writers works to substantiate and bolster the validity of Tibetan medical claims, rather than discredit them. Consequently, contemporary writers are able to articulate medical knowledge about women that is as much about Tibetan religious and cultural perceptions of gender and sexed-bodies, as it is ‘scientific’.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document