Radial Variation in the size of Axial Elements in Relation to Stem Increment in Quercus Serrata

IAWA Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryouta Tsuchiya ◽  
Ikuo Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Length ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Vessel Element Length ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Stem Increment

In Quercus serrata, radial variations of wood fibre length, earlywood vessel element length, and earlywood vessel lumen diameter were investigated and maturation ages of them were estimated using nonlinear segmented regression analysis as proposed by Peszlen (1994). In addition, the age at the maximum point of current annual increment and mean annual increment were estimated by using the Gompertz growth function fitted to the variation of cumulative ring width with ring number from the pith. In the same radial strip, the maturation ages both of wood fibre length and the earlywood vessel element length were similar, and those were close to the ages at the maximum point of current annual increment, whereas the maturation age of earlywood vessel lumen diameter was generally greater, close to the age at the maximum point of mean annual increment. These results indicate that earlywood vessel lumen diameter is the best indicator of the three anatomical properties tested and that a relationship exists between the maturation ages of the size of axial elements and radial stem increment.

Synchronized Maturation of Vessel Diameter and ray width in Zelkova Serrata

IAWA Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryouta Tsuchiya ◽  
Ikuo Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Maturation Age ◽  
Stem Increment ◽  
Zelkova Serrata

This study describes radial variation in fibre length, vessel element length, vessel lumen diameter, and ray width (number of cells) in relation to the developmental stages in radial stem increment in Zelkova serrata trees. Maturation age (the age at which the size of the wood elements is stabilized) was compared to the ages at the boundary between the early and middle stages (age t1), and the middle and late stages (age t2) of radial stem increment. The maturation age was estimated by nonlinear segmented regression analysis. Ages t1 and t2 were estimated by the Gompertz growth function. The maturation age for the length of axial elements (wood fibres and vessel elements) was not related to either age t1 or age t2. However, the maturation ages for vessel lumen diameter and ray width were close, and both were related to age t2. This indicates that the maturation of vessel lumen diameter and ray width was synchronized and both were related to the stage of radial stem increment.

Radial variation of vessel lumen diameter in relation to stem increment in 30 hardwood species

IAWA Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryouta Tsuchiya ◽  
Ikuo Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Growth ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Type I ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Maturation Age ◽  
Stem Increment

Vessel lumen diameter (VLD) is one of the most important anatomical indicators for demarcating juvenile wood and mature wood in hardwoods. In several species, we previously found that the age at which VLD stabilizes (maturation age) and the age at which the mean annual increment in radial stem growth was maximal were approximately the same. In the current study, we investigated the extent to which this relationship is true for 30 species of hardwoods. We found that two types of relation exist between the maturation age of VLD and radial stem growth, i.e., the type in which the maturation age of VLD was similar to the age at which the current annual increment was maximal (Type-I), and the other type in which the maturation age of VLD was similar to the age at which the mean annual increment was maximal (Type-II). Where more than one species was studied for a given genus, the type was shared. Porosity (ring- or diffuse-porous) is not related with maturation type.

scholarly journals Carbon sequestration and growth of Anthocephalus cadamba plantation in North Kalimantan, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385-1393
Author(s):  
AGUS SARJONO ◽  
ABUBAKAR M. LAHJIE ◽  
B.D.A.S. SIMARANGKIR ◽  
R. KRISTININGRUM ◽  
YOSEP RUSLIM
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Carbon Absorption ◽  
Environmental Amelioration ◽  
Mean Annual Increment ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Sarjono A, Lahjie AM, Simarangkir BDAS, Kristiningrum R, Ruslim Y. 2017. Carbon sequestration and growth of Anthocephalus cadamba plantation in North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1385-1393. Forest plantation of Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) plays many important roles for the primary source of timber production and also the carbon absorption for environmental amelioration. The growth of A. cadamba trees was measured using the formulas of MAI (Mean Annual Increment) and PAI (Periodic Annual Increment) as the basis of the increment measurement, while the analysis of biomass and carbon with simple linear regression (y = a + bx) was used, with the coefficient of R2 = 0.90. The annual increment of A. cadamba trees reached its maximum point or the intersection between MAI and PAI at the age of 8 years, showing the maximum production of A. cadamba trees. Forest plantation of A. cadamba produced biomass and carbon sequestration of 81.90 ton ha-1 and 39.31 ton ha-1, respectively at the age of 8 years. However, the amount of biomass and carbon in another plot of A. cadamba trees was 96.85 ton ha-1 and 46.49 ton ha-1, respectively. While the values of the third plot were 116.84 ton ha-1 and 56.08 ton ha-1, respectively. The correlation between the diameter and biomass production and the correlation between the age of stands and carbon production were very strong with R2 value was higher than 0.90. This indicated that Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) plantation had important roles in carbon sequestration and biomass production.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of quality plantation pulpwood breeding on fibre length, vessel element length and their ratio sought by within-tree variations in Eucalyptus trees

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyunichi Ohshima ◽  
Shinso Yokota ◽  
Nobuo Yoshizawa ◽  
Toshihiro Ona
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Vessel Element Length ◽  
Axial Variation ◽  
Breaking Length ◽  
Pulp Properties ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between fibre length and vessel element length was examined by their within-tree variations for breeding quality plantation pulpwood from the view points of pulp properties, that is, shorter vessel element and longer fibre are preferable. Because the genetic difference between trees may express the different ratio of fibre length to vessel element length. Within-tree variations in the trunk of fibre length and vessel element length were studied in Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. globulus trees grown at the same site. Within-tree variations of both cell length properties in both species were generally high in the upper and outer parts of the trunk in both fibre and vessel. No large difference of tendency was observed between individuals and between species except in the axial variation between individuals of E. globulus for vessel element length by statistical analysis. The relationships between fibre length and vessel element length were significant in all trees although the rate of fibre length to vessel element length was significantly different both between individuals in each species and between species. From these, the breeding program is expected to select a tree possessing genetically longer fibre length (more elongation of cambial initial) indicating higher breaking length with shorter vessel element length (shorter cambial initial) indicating higher printability, regardless the difference in the within-tree variations

scholarly journals ECONOMIC APPROACH TO THE CHOICE OF TARGET WOOD SPECIES FOR THE FOREST GROWING IN KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2017 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Пуряев ◽  
Aynur Puryaev ◽  
Мифтахов ◽  
Timur Miftakhov ◽  
Демаков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Standard Terms ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

The objectives of economic assessment of forests, growing on rich soil and environmental conditions, are especially important for the Republic of Tatarstan, as forest site conditions are presented, mostly, fresh suramens and sudubravas. The aim is to develop an algorithm and a mathematical model of the tax and market value dynamics of stands, needed to justify the choice of target tree species. The object of the study is served as detached electronic database of forestry and forest taxation indices of Kama region, general commodity tables and rate per unit volume of standing wood. The methodology of the study was consistent sort and organize raw data on the studied parameters, as well as the drawing up of mathematical models of the dynamics of the studied parameters. According to the research rezults the algorithm of selecting the target tree species was developed, providing the highest economic benefit in cultivation. The pine stands are most profitable to grow at fresh suramens and oak forests at fresh sudubravas. Age of stand’s economic maturity, which occurs at the climax moment of values of mean annual increment of its tax value, is much lower for most tree species, than the established standard terms of logging.

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISATION AND VARIABILITY OF THE THISTLE CYNARA CARDUNCULUS IN VIEW OF PULPING POTENTIAL

IAWA Journal ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Quilhó ◽  
Jorge Gominho ◽  
Helena Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Fibrous Sheath ◽  
Fibre Wall ◽  
Fibre Width

The thistle Cynara cardunculus L. is an herbaceous perennial with high productivity that is harvested annually and is a potential fibre crop for paper pulp production. The anatomical variation within stalks was studied (base, middle and top) and compared in C. cardunculus plants at different development phases. The stalk of C. cardunculus includes an epidermis, cortex and a central cylinder with fibro-vascular bundles with phloem, xylem and a fibrous sheath that is variable in arrangement and size within and between plants.At harvest, the pith represents 37% of the stalk transectional area and 7% of the total weight. There was a slight variation in quantitative features of, respectively, the three development groups studied; mean fibre length was 1.04 mm, 0.95 mm and 1.05 mm; mean fibre width was 15 μm, 16 μm and 21 μm; mean fibre wall thickness was 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm and 4.9 μm. Fibre length and width decreased within the stem from base to top, while fibre wall thickness increased. Mean vessel diameter was 22 μm and mean vessel element length 220–483 μm. In mature plants, parenchyma represents 39% of the total transectional area and fibres 25%. The proportion of fibres increases during plant development and in mature plants is highest at the stalk base.As regards anatomical features, Cynara stalks compare favourably to other annual plants and fibre biometry indicates good potential for paper sheet forming and strength properties.

Classification of Eucalyptus plantation Site Index (SI) and Mean Annual Increment (MAI) prediction using DEM-based geomorphometric and climatic variables in Brazil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aliny Aparecida Dos Reis ◽  
Steven E. Franklin ◽  
Fausto Weimar Acerbi Júnior ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ferraz Filho ◽  
José Marcio de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Between- and Within-Tree Variation in the Anatomy and Specific Gravity of Wood in Oregon White Oak (Quercus Garryana Dougl.)

IAWA Journal ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Lei ◽  
Michael R. Milota ◽  
Barbara L. Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Quercus Garryana ◽  
White Oak ◽  
Earlywood Vessel ◽  
Oregon White Oak

In order to analyze the variation in wood properties within and between trees of an underutilized tree species, we sampled six Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana Dougl.) trees from an 80-year old mixed stand of Q. garryana and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) in the Coast Range of Western Oregon, USA. Fibre length, earlywood vessel diameter, tissue proportions, and specific gravity were measured on samples across the diameter at two heights. Trees had a slight lean (2-12°), so we sampled separately both radii of a diametric strip that ran from the lower to upper side of lean.

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