scholarly journals A Thousand and One Rewrites

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazry Bahrawi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Arabian Nights ◽  
Classical Work ◽  
Cultural Turn ◽  
Aesthetic Forms

Taking its cue from the “cultural turn” move in Translation Studies, this essay argues that modern reimaginings of The Arabian Nights can be seen as attempts at making this classical work relevant to modern sensibilities and aesthetic forms. It will juxtapose the normative versions of the Nights to Edgar Allan Poe’s The Thousand-and-Second Tale of Scheherazade (1845) in light of scientism, Naguib Mahfouz’s Arabian Nights and Days (1979) from the perspective of political agency, as well as Hanan Al-Shaykh’s One Thousand and One Nights (2011) by way of feminism and human rights. This essay posits that the malleability of the Nights to modernist ideas and forms entrenches its stature as an exemplary work of world literature. Lastly and relatedly, this essay will also revisit Lefevere and Bassnett’s “rewriting” theory to explore its potential contribution to the nascent discipline of world literature in light of Zhang Longxi’s arguments on cross-cultural translatability.

scholarly journals The cultural turn in Community Interpreting. A brief analysis of epistemological developments in Community Interpreting literature in the light of paradigm changes in the humanities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Rudvin
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Role Definition ◽  
Epistemological Shifts ◽  
Cultural Turn

This essay traces some of the major epistemological shifts in the humanities over the last century, in particular anthropology, which have informed and profoundly altered language- and literary disciplines in Western academia, especially those relating to the subjectivity of the observer (the anthropological ‘gaze ’), the complex interconnectedness of language and the surrounding socio-cultural network, the ephemeral nature of language itself, and the issue of textual authorship-ownership. This paper attempts to put into relief the interface of philosophical issues that arises as a result of these paradigmatic shifts with practical issues of professional ethics and role-definition in community interpreting. The paper also attempts to show that what emerged in translation studies as the ‘cultural turn ’ has already taken place in community interpreting (not necessarily across the board in other forms of interpreting) due both to influences from other related domains and to the specific cross-cultural nature of community interpreting itself.

The world in Auerbach’s mouth: Weltliteratur after philhellenism

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-452
Author(s):  
Mathura Umachandran
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Intercultural Understanding ◽  
The World

Abstract We live in an age of globalized and globalizing phenomena: the contemporary agenda of academic inquiry takes in ‘networks’, ‘connectivity’, and other modes of articulating complex structures of human activity. In Comparative Literature and beyond, the idea of world literature has borne the weight of idealist intercultural understanding, the hopes of translation studies, and the anxieties around the failure of communication. Erich Auerbach offers a touchstone in the conceptual genealogy of world literature (Weltliteratur). This article illuminates how Auerbach’s Weltliteratur is predicated on a polemic with German philhellenism, tracked through Auerbach’s declaration that his idea is ‘ungoethisch’. Auerbach’s revisions to Weltliteratur constituted a strategy to render it a historicist concept. Since Auerbach’s notion of historicism was itself derived from nineteenth-century German humanism, this essay argues that Auerbach was attempting to go with Goethe beyond Goethe. Finally, this essay assesses how successful Auerbach’s decoupling of Weltliteratur from universalism, under the sign of Goethe and the Greeks. I suggest that Weltliteratur is still a pertinent concept today because of Auerbach’s intervention to install historicist and dialectical resources therein.

Universal Human Dignity: Some Reflections in the Asian Context

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Yee Karen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Common Association

AbstractThe idea of “human dignity” is accorded a prominent status in domestic constitutions and international human rights law. Its symbolism as a universal ground of human rights sits awkwardly with the absence of a precise definition. The concept has evolved over history and has been interpreted in various ways by people holding different worldviews. The elusive nature of human dignity creates challenges when it is evaluated across cultures. Despite its common association with the concept of liberal democracy, the idea of human worthiness is not necessarily absent in Asian societies, many of which function under alternative political systems.A cross-cultural perspective requires putting aside ethnocentrism and exploring the convergence of views from different belief systems. Examples from Confucianism and Islam may provide insights on how human dignity is understood and realized in various Asian contexts.

Translating the gay identity in audiovisual media

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-225
Author(s):  
Antonio Jesús Martínez Pleguezuelos
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Original Version ◽  
Gay Identity ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Audiovisual Media ◽  
Audiovisual Translation ◽  
Cultural Turn

Abstract In this study we analyse different linguistic elements in the TV series Will & Grace that shape the gay identity of the main characters of the show. We will base the analysis on the inclusion of the cultural turn into the field of audiovisual translation studies and on the technical time and space constraints that may emerge when conveying the message in this type of texts. Therefore, we will focus on the treatment of cultural references associated to the LGBTQI community that are shown on the series, as well as the linguistic variant of gayspeak and the comic elements included in the dialogues in order to observe whether the information that viewers of the Spanish dubbed version receive regarding gay identity is the same that is portrayed in the original version in English.

scholarly journals To the Problem of Constructing Analytical Indexes of Market Demand: A Variative Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
V. K. Gorbunov ◽  
L. A. Kozlova ◽  
A. G. Lvov
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Classical Work ◽  
Consumer Expenditures ◽  
Price Indexes ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
Holistic Theory

The article develops methods for constructing economic (analytical) indexes in the framework of the holistic theory of market demand, built in recent years. By this, the economic indexes presented in the world literature within the framework of the theory of individual demand and, accordingly, related to households, acquire practical value.The introduction provides a brief overview of the main problems of modern indexology and the implementation of an economic approach dating back to the classical work of 1924 by the Soviet statistician A.A. Konüs. The properties of the most well-known «formula» indexes of Laspeyres, Paasche, and Fischer with respect to the fulfillment of the Fisher test criteria are described. These indexes play an important role in the methods proposed by the authors for constructing analytical indexes, which are determined through the function of consumer expenditures. The latter is determined by a utility function that rationalizes trade statistics. The rationalizing utility function is constructed ambiguously, and the corresponding task should be specified. Methods for its solution are proposed, developed within a non-parametric demand analysis of Afriat-Varian. The core of this analysis is the system of linear Afriat’s inequalities that determine the values of the utility function and marginal utility corresponding to statistical demand. This system can be inconsistent and unstable with respect to variations of non-exact demand statistics. In the case of compatibility, inequalities have many solutions, and the choice of different solutions of inequalities gives different values of analytical indexes. The authors suggest three types of tasks for the stable solution of Afriat’s inequalities, which define indexes with characteristics of optimism (low price indexes and high quantity indexes), pessimism (vice versa) and objectivity.Therefore, the problem of increasing the objectivity of consumer demand indexes receives a theoretically justified toolbox methods for calculating analytical market demand indexes that take into account, in contrast to formula indices, consumer preferences.

scholarly journals Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Reetta Toivanen ◽  
Dorothée Cambou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Goals

This chapter takes up the status of the human in terms of rights and law. Surveying the status of human rights law within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the authors highlight the cultural context of Arctic Indigenous peoples, namely the Sámi people in Finland. The lack of legal and political agency is a barrier not only to sustainable and culturally desirable livelihoods, as the authors detail: this legal situation enables ongoing extractivist projects in the form of mining and forestry.

Leo Tolstoy And Writers of World Literature Literary Reflections – Elchin Efendiyev

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Gulnara Hasanova
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
National Science ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Cultural Dialogue ◽  
Literary Experience

It is a study of literary interaction questions and the identification of mutual enrichment patterns that currently acquire particular significance. The concept of foreign literary experience becomes ever more profound and diverse and is realized by a creative rethinking (not imitation or adoption) of another literature’s achievements. This paper aims to identify the profound influence of world literature on Tolstoy and vice-versa: the influence his creative works had on European literature. The paper shows the need to study the originality of Tolstoy’s artistic legacy’s foreign reception and, therefore, complement the overall picture of perception and functioning of the writer’s creation in the foreign literary context and cultural environment. The study of this theme is very significant from the standpoint of modern globalization, dialogue between cultures. The novelty here lies in the fact that the question of how Tolstoy’s works have been received within the context of creative cross-cultural dialogue has not been given sufficient attention within international comparative studies. There is no systematizing and summarizing research in the national science about a writer’s perception and peculiarities of appraisal of writer’s works involving the Azerbaijani studies material, drawing parallels with the national literature. For this consideration of Tolstoy’s work, the conception of Azerbaijani prose writing is taken to represent a World literary context. The outstanding playwright Elchin Efendiyev had due regard for Tolstoy’s creative work and his particular creative perception of the world. This work’s theoretical purpose is to develop a scientific paper that will expand understanding of the reception of an outstanding writer’s creative work by a western creative consciousness and will present a picture of international cultural ties.

THE RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE AND THE ORGANIC UNITY OF HUMAN RIGHTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
David Little
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Organic Unity ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Legal Justification ◽  
The Right

Abstract The article challenges the fashionable but finally unsupportable opinion in political and academic circles that there exists no compelling, unitary, universally resonant moral and legal justification of human rights. The argument is intimated by two overlooked passages in the preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that presuppose the right of self-defense against arbitrary force, understood as both a moral and legal concept, and as relevant both to personal and collective life. It shows how the logic of defensive force underlies the three formative human rights instruments: the UDHR, and the two covenants on political, legal, economic, social, and cultural rights. The underlying claim is that good reasons of a particular kind are required to justify any use of force, a claim that makes perfect sense against the backdrop of the atrocities committed by the German fascists and their allies in the mid-twentieth century. The article also refers to compelling, if preliminary, evidence of the widespread cross-cultural acceptance of the moral and legal right of self-defense, suggesting a basis for the worldwide comprehensibility and appeal of human-rights language.

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