Struggles of Delivery Workers in Brazil: Working Conditions and Collective Organization during the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ludmila Costhek Abilio ◽  
Rafael Grohmann ◽  
Henrique Chevrand Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
Class Composition ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Control

Abstract This article aims to analyze food delivery workers’ working conditions and ongoing collective organization during the pandemic in Brazil. The discussion involves historical analysis, based on empirical research carried out with delivery couriers over the past eight years in Brazil and on analysis of the delivery workers’ strikes in July of 2020. Our view is that their work is subsumed to a new type of work organization, management and control, defined here as uberization. Recent investigation shows that their working conditions are worsening during the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of reduced working hour value alongside unchangingly long workdays. These conditions have been met by platform workers’ collective organizations demanding better working conditions. Our findings indicate an ongoing political struggle involving different institutions, and the central role of communication between workers through digital platforms as the first form of organization. From the class composition framework, we understand that there is a germ for political composition involving Brazilian riders, in line with the circulation of workers’ struggles around the world, especially in Latin America.

The Collective Organization of Delivery Workers in Brazil during the covid-19 Pandemic: A View Based on Social Media

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Helena Strecker ◽  
Ana Luiza Sampaio ◽  
Juan Buriticá ◽  
Laura Aroso ◽  
Karina Rubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Professional Category ◽  
Data Survey

Abstract This essay presents the results of a study on the work organization of food-delivery workers that use digital platforms in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The covid-19 pandemic exacerbated and increased the visibility of the precarious work conditions experienced by these workers, who have organized collectively throughout Brazil to demand better conditions. Based on the field of workers’ health and sociological analyses of work’s uberization, the study used a qualitative methodology with a data survey in online social networks and news coverage during the pandemic, complementing research-intervention strategies involving dialogues with delivery workers before the pandemic. The results feature the delivery app workers’ collective mobilization and the trend in their identification as a professional category in the midst of contradictions and complexities of this process, which became emblematic with the two national strikes held in July 2020.

scholarly journals In Search of Cooperation: An Historical Analysis of Work Organization and Management Strategies

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (256) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Support ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Workplace Democracy ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
World Organization ◽  
And Control

During the last decade, literature about work has increasingly focused on the importance of collective communication, tacit knowledge, and group activities. The idea of designing computer support for groupbased work activities, which we loosely call ''cooperative work'', is a useful and challenging one, for it represents a break from design approaches that focused on centralized and bureaucratic systems of communication and control. To get a clearer idea of the meaning of cooperative work. this article will look at historical patterns of world organization and management strategies. It will contrast user-centered concepts of cooperative work, with the idea of seeing cooperative work in the context of democracy in the workplace. The focus on workplace democracy has been a main theme in the Scandinavian systems tradition. The article uses the Scandinavian tradition, with its roots in a Labor Process Approach as a way to analyze the meaning of cooperation for workplace democracy and its implication for the design of computer support.

India's digital economy workforce is set to expand

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
Indian Consumers ◽  
Software Services

Significance Not only has the range of software services provided widened, but a host of other services are being delivered remotely and in person through digital platforms to Indian consumers. This diversification is changing the working conditions of India’s burgeoning digital economy workforce. Impacts Wages in the digital gig economy will fall as more workers enter this segment. Platform work in unskilled areas such as food delivery will lower India’s long-term skills base. Gender gaps in the digital economy will persist given the lack of policy correctives.

Performance of 4G-LTE Communication and Navigation System in Blended Wing-Body UAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9538-9542
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
Blended Wing Body ◽  
4G Lte ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Technology Demonstrator

In vision of searching for the right Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) for a specific mission, there are multiple factors to be considered by the operator such as mission, endurance, type of payload and range of the telemetry and control. This research is focusing on extending control range of the UAS by using 4G-LTE network to enable beyond-line-of-sight flying for the commercial UAS. Major UAS such Global Hawk, Predator MQ-1 are able to fly thousands of kilometers by the use of satellite communication. However, the satellite communication annual license subscription can be very expensive. With this situation in mind, a new type of flight controller with 4G-LTE communication has been developed and tested. Throughout the research, blended-wing-body (BWB) Baseline B2S is used as the platform for technology demonstrator. Result from this analysis has proven that the proposed system is capable to control a UAS from as far as United Kingdom, with a latency less than 881 ms in average. The new added capability can potentially give the commercial UAS community a new horizon to be able to control their UAS from anywhere around the world with the availability of 4G-LTE connection

scholarly journals Analysis of Vehicle Collision on an Assembled Anti-Collision Guardrail

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5152
Author(s):  
Juncheng Yao ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Yujie Hou ◽  
Liang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
New Type ◽  
Main Girder ◽  
Protective Performance

Traffic accidents such as vehicle collisions with bridge guardrails occur frequently. These accidents cause damage to the driver and the vehicle as well as the bridge. A new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail is proposed in this study. LS-DYNA is a nonlinear display dynamic analysis software used to evaluate the safety of a new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail. A specific, numerically analyzed model of vehicle–guardrail collision is established using LS-DYNA. The energy distribution–time curve of the vehicle collision process is obtained. After comparison with measured data from the vehicle collision test, the model of vehicle–guardrail collision is verified as being correct. Based on this, we analyze the process of a vehicle collision on the assembled anti-collision guardrail. The result shows that the assembled anti-collision guardrail proposed in this paper can better change the trajectory of a moving vehicle and can prevent the vehicle from falling off the bridge. From the car body collision results, the assembled anti-collision guardrail for bridges proposed in this paper can reduce vehicle damage and can protect the driver effectively. From the analysis of the main girder stress on the bridge, an anti-collision guardrail installed on an existing bridge will not cause damage to the main girder during a collision. In order to study the influence of the four parameters on the anti-collision effect, we carried out a comparative calculation of multiple working conditions. The results show that the new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail has good protective performance under different working conditions.

Study on Novel Automatic Steel Bundling Machine Pneumatic Control System

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
Cheng Qun Li ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Pneumatic Control ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Type ◽  
Action Process ◽  
And Control

This paper introduces a new type of automatic steel bundling machine for bundling process, which includes a pneumatic action process, mainly do some researches on the pneumatic control system. The system chooses PLC as the core control component, puts forward the hardware of control system and control flow. Eventually we have been designed the control program.

scholarly journals Establishment and Application of Rapid Diagnosis for Reverse Transcription-Quantitative PCR of Newly Emerging Goose-Origin Nephrotic Astrovirus in China

mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Yuan ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
Yuxia Zhang ◽  
Lihong Qi ◽  
Wu Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reverse Transcription Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Emerging Virus ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT In 2017, a new type of goose-origin astrovirus (GoAstV) that is completely different from previously identified avian astroviruses (which have only 30.0% to 50.5% homology with GoAstV) has been isolated from diseased geese in China. This disease can cause joint swelling in sick geese, and the anatomy shows a clear precipitation of urate in the kidney. The rate of death and culling can reach more than 30%, revealing the disease’s severe pathogenicity. To quickly and accurately diagnose the newly emerging disease, we established a highly specific reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method of detecting GoAstV. Sensitivity testing showed that the minimum amount of test sample for this method is 52.5 copies/μl. Clinical application confirmed that this method can quickly and effectively detect GoAstV, providing a diagnostic platform for the prevention and control of goose disease. IMPORTANCE Goose-origin astrovirus (GoAstV), as a newly emerging virus in 2017, is different from previously known astroviruses in the genus Avastrovirus. So far, few studies have focused on the novel virus. Considering the infectious development of astrovirus (AstV), we established a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay with a strong specificity to quickly and accurately diagnose GoAstV. Confirmed by clinical application, this method can quickly and accurately detect prevalent GoAstV. The assay is thus convenient for clinical operation and is applicable to the monitoring of GoAstV disease.

scholarly journals Precarious or Protected? Evaluating Work Quality in the Legal Sex Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Orchiston
Keyword(s):  
Sex Work ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Industry Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Model ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Legal Sex

Decriminalising (or legalising) sex work is argued to improve sex workers’ safety and provide access to labour rights. However, there is a paucity of empirical research comparing how different regulatory approaches affect working conditions in the sex industry, especially in relation to venues that are managed by third parties. This article uses a mixed methods study of the Australian legal brothel sector to critically explore the relationship between external regulation and working conditions. Two dominant models of sex industry regulation are compared: decriminalisation and licensing. First, the article documents workplace practices in the Australian legal brothel sector, examining sex workers’ agency, autonomy and control over the labour process. Second, it analyses the capacity of each regulatory model to protect sex workers from unsafe and unfair working conditions. On the basis of these findings, the article concludes that brothel-based sex work is precarious and substantively excluded from the protective mantle of labour law, notwithstanding its legality. It is argued that the key determinant of conditions in the legal brothel sector is the extent to which the state enforces formal labour protections, as distinct from the underlying regulatory model adopted.

scholarly journals Vibration Analysis and Control of a Vibration Screed System for Asphalt Pavers

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Author(s):  
Vanliem Nguyen ◽  
Zhenpeng Wu ◽  
Beiping Zhang ◽  
Zhang Jian Run
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Model ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
And Control

To reduce shaking of a vibration screed system (VSS) and improve the paving performance of an asphalt paver (AP), the root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration responses at points on the front and rear screed floors are analyzed via an experimental method. A 3D nonlinear dynamic model of the VSS is also built to evaluate the influence of the dynamic parameters of the VSS on the compression efficiency, paving quality, and working stability of the AP based on the objective functions of the vertical, pitching, and rolling RMS values at the centre of gravity of the screed. The angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper are then controlled to improve the paving performance. The research results show that the excitation frequency, $f_{t}$, and both angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, of the tamper strongly affect the paving performance. The compression efficiency is quickly enhanced, while both paving quality and working stability are significantly reduced with increasing the excitation frequency $f_{t}$ and reducing the angular deviations. $alpha$ and $gamma$. and vice versa. Additionally, the screed shaking and paving performance of the AP are remarkably improved by control of the angular deviations, $alpha$ and $gamma$, under different working conditions.

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