scholarly journals Feeding habits of Stellifer rastrifer (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) at Guaratuba mangrove, Parana, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo de Tarso C. Chaves ◽  
Ana Lúcia Vendel
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Individual Size

Feeding habits of Stellifer rastrifer (Perciformes, Sciaenidae) at Guaratuba mangrove, Parana, Brazil, were studied from February 1996 to February 1997. It was observed that its diet was based on invertebrates, mainly Decapoda non-Brachyura and Polychaeta. In a smaller proportion there were plants, Copepoda, Gammaridea and Mollusca. The level of contribution of each food item changed according to the season and the individual size. Such plasticity in feeding behaviour was similar to that described to some fish populations from other estuaries, and could be an indicator of the high level of instability presented by this kind of ecosystem.

scholarly journals Brain Morphology and Feeding Habits of Some Fresh Water Teleosts of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Rajani Shrestha ◽  
Sheetal Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Sensory Adaptation ◽  
Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Teleost Brain ◽  
Morphological Differences

External morphology of teleost brain is organized in such a way that it reflects the correlation between sensory adaptation and principal modes of activity very clearly. Channa gachua, Garra annandelei and Heteropneustes fossilis are among the 168 fresh water fishes recorded in Nepal. While examining the gut contents of these fishes, it was found that C. gachua fed primarily on insects, G. annandelei fed mainly on filamentous algae whereas H. fossilis fed both on plants and animals. Their brain morphology revealed that olfaction in C. gachua was stronger than in G. annandelei and H. fossilis. Similarly, optic sense was also more powerful in C. gachua than in G. annandelei and in H. fossilis. On the contrary, cerebellum of H. fossilis was more developed than that of G. annandelei and C. gachua. These morphological differences of brain could be undoubtedly correlated with the carnivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous feeding behaviour of C. gachua, G. annandelei and H. fossilis respectively. Moreover, in all three fishes, around 20% of the total gut content was made of mud and sand, and they all had inferior mouths, indicating that they were bottom feeders.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(1): 79-81 

scholarly journals Feeding biology of carnivore and detritivore Mediterranean pycnogonids

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Soler-Membrives ◽  
Claudia P. Arango ◽  
Montserrat Cuadrado ◽  
Tomás Munilla
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Intracellular Digestion ◽  
Secretion Granules ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Secondary Lysosomes ◽  
Midgut Lumen

The digestive system of sea spiders (Pycnogonida) presents peculiarities that have not been discussed in the context of their ecology or feeding behaviour. We investigated the digestive system of two Mediterranean species, a carnivorous speciesAmmothella longipesand a detritivorousEndeis spinosa, with special focus on its correlation with behavioural feeding habits. The midgut and hindgut sections did not present significant differences between the two species, but major differences were observed in the foregut, reflecting concordance to their diet and their feeding behaviour. Jaws, setose lips, the structure of the pharyngeal filter and musculature of the proboscis are the main differential elements when comparing feeding habits ofA. longipesandE. spinosa. These elements are responsible for the reduction of the food pulp down to subcellular size. The digestion process observed in the species studied agrees with that observed in other pycnogonid lineages, but differs from most marine arthropods mainly because of the absence of midgut gland cells and the presence of a unique multifunctional type of midgut epithelial cell. Epithelial digestive cells are present in a small ‘resting’ form during starvation periods. During digestion, secretion granules possibly containing zymogen move to their apical border to be secreted to the midgut lumen, secondary lysosomes are formed and intracellular digestion occurs within them. Residual bodies are formed within the epithelial cell and released to the midgut lumen to be transported towards the hindgut. The characteristics of the digestive process of the pycnogonids studied seem to reflect a plesiomorphic state in arthropods.

scholarly journals Cephalic Indices of Some Birds in Relation to Their Feeding Habits

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Taxonomic Character ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shape And Size

The shape and size of skull and arrangement of mouth parts play an important role to determine the food and feeding behaviour of birds. The cephalic or head index is a ratio between breadth and length of head. The numerical procedure of cephalic indices of birds represent an important taxonomic character and also help to establish the relationship of feeding habits to visual and acoustic organs of birds. Birds have evolved a great variety of beaks according to their food habits. Due to different food habits found in birds, they possess various types of beaks of special structure. This article deals with cephalic indices of some birds of Uttar Pardesh (India) in relation to their feeding habits. Keywords Skull, bill, measurement, ratio, relation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v1i0.5311 Academic Voices 2011; 1: 49-55

scholarly journals Dietary Overlap between Native and Exotic Fishes revealed through Gut Content Analysis at Head Baloki, Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Abdul Majid Khan ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Gut Content Analysis ◽  
Dietary Overlap ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Native Community ◽  
Imminent Threat

An imminent threat to indigenous freshwater ichthyofauna is the introduction of alien fishes that can alter the behavior, population dynamics and native community structure. Thus, it is necessary to understand their feeding behaviour to avoid any unwanted incalculable loss. At sampling site, Head Baloki feeding habits both of native (L. calbasu, C. catla, L. rohita and C. mrigala) and alien (H. nobilis, H. molitrix, C. carpio, C. idella, C. auratus, O. aureus, O. niloticus and O. mozambicus) species were analyzed through frequency of occurrence and percentage by number from January 2017-December 2019. Results indicated that L. rohita remained herbivorous while L. calbasu, C. catla, C. idella and both C. carpio and C. mrigala were detritivore, planktivore, phytoplanktivore and generalist feeders, respectively. H. molitrix and C. auratus showed planktivorus and generalist feeding behaviour, respectively. Tilapia species enlisted as detritivores Whereas, H. nobilis was generalist feeder. Complex dietary overlap has been observed between different co-existing species. Current study has uncovered some surprising results where diet of O. niloticus was altered as detritus feeder. Change in feeding habit of alien fishes is the strategy to make them successful that is in line with current findings from freshwater ecosystem of Punjab, Pakistan.

MANDIBULAR STRUCTURE AND FEEDING HABITS OF THREE MORPHOLOGICALLY SIMILAR COLEOPTEROUS LARVAE: CUCUJUS CLAVIPES (CUCUJIDAE), DENDROIDES CANADENSIS (PYROCHROIDAE), AND PYTHO DEPRESSUS (SALPINGIDAE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Smith ◽  
M. K. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Phytophagous Insects ◽  
Dendroides Canadensis ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Decomposed Wood ◽  
Food Consumed

Larvae of Cucujus clavipes (Fabricius) and Dendroides canadensis (Latreille) are frequently found under bark of decaying hardwood logs and those of Pytho depressus (Linnaeus) under that of dead conifers, especially pine (Pinus spp.) (Anderson and Nilssen 1978). Larvae of all three species have a dorsoventrally depressed, orthosomatic body and are well adapted for activity in the cambial layer. In dead trees, this area contains partially decomposed wood and bark resulting from the activity of phytophagous insects and other small invertebrates. According to textbooks of general entomology and other entomological literature, species within the genera Cucujus, Dendroides, and Pytho are predacious on other insects found in the cambial layer (Arnett 1968; Borrer et al. 1976; Borror and White 1970; Essig 1926; Peterson 1951; Swan and Papp 1972). However, no specific references to original studies demonstrating this type of feeding behaviour could be found. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of food consumed by larvae of these species and to determine if the structure of their mandibles and other mouthparts were indicative of such food consumption.

Unusual hunting and feeding behaviour of polar bears on Spitsbergen

Polar Record ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lech Stempniewicz ◽  
Dorota Kidawa ◽  
Mateusz Barcikowski ◽  
Lech Iliszko
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Seabird Species ◽  
Hunting Behaviour ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
Black Guillemot

ABSTRACTProlonged chasing of an adult reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by a polar bear (Ursus maritimus) was observed both on land and in the sea, in Magdalenefjorden, northwest Spitsbergen. Polar bears were also observed catching black guillemot (Cepphus grylle) in the sea in northwest Spitsbergen and feeding on chicks in the arctic tern (Sterna paradisea) colony in Hornsund, southwest Spitsbergen. While feeding on seabird species is unsurprising, the prolonged chasing of adult reindeer is unusual for polar bear hunting behaviour. The few documented cases of polar bear hunting reindeer consist of either surprising and killing resting/sleeping prey or stalking and a short rapid chase of the reindeer. Our observations describe new feeding habits of polar bears that may be in response to decreasing seal availability due to shrinking sea-ice cover in the Arctic.

scholarly journals A comparative study on the tubes and feeding behaviour of eight species of corophioid Amphipoda and their bearing on phylogenetic relationships within the Corophioidea

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1349) ◽  
pp. 93-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. T. Dixon ◽  
P. G. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group A ◽  
External Water ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tube Structure ◽  
Main Entrance

Observations are presented on mouthpart functional morphology, and on feeding, grooming and defaecatory behaviour of eight species of corophioid Amphipoda, viz. Corophium bonnellii , Lembos websteri , Aora gracilis , A. spinicornis , Gammaropsis nitida , Ericthonius punctatus , Jassa falcata and J. marmorata . These data are considered in relation to tube structure and amphipod posture in relation to the tube. All these species occupy double-ended cylindreical tubes made from ‘amphipod silk’ secreted by the third and fourth preraeopods, incorporating sediment and other debris to varying degrees. Uniquely among this set of species, however, E. punctatus has a tube that is architecturally distinct. It tapers along its length and has a distinctive oblique main entrance at its widest end. This end is used preferentially. The other species studied use either opening with equal facility. Such a feature is adaptive in facilitating deployment of the antennae and shielding the head of E. punctatus . Two groupings of species are propose: group A which feed inside their tube using pleopod-induced through-tube currents, and group B which feed outside or at the entrance to their tube using external water currents. Group A includes C. bonnellii , L. websteri and the Aora species. Group B includes E. punctatus and the Jassa species. Gammaropsis nitida exhibits traits from both groups, adding weight to its perceived status as a genus representative of the stem corophioid. The ischyrocerid habit of externalizing food-gathering may be regarded as the first step along an evolutionary line leading to the rod-building podocerid types and ultimately towards the caprellids. All species examined show a degree of flexibility in their feeding habits which helps to explain the success of this taxon, which has radiated into a great diversity of aquatic biotopes.

The feeding and consequent role of Eulalia viridis (O. F. Müller) (Polychaeta) in intertidal communities

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Emson
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Intertidal Communities ◽  
Other Hand

The intertidal phyllodocid polychaete Eulalia viridis (O. F. Müller) is widely regarded as a predator as stated, for example, by Newell (1970). This assertion is based on statements made by several authors, e.g. Moore & Kitching (1939), Glynne-Williams & Hobart (1952), Connell (1961), and Kensler (1964, 1967), who have reported E. viridis foraging over rocky substrates at low tide in daylight and in some cases have observed the insertion of the proboscis between the opercular plates of a barnacle and the subsequent ingestion of the soft tissues. The capture of a large chironomid by E. viridis has been recorded by Connell (1961). This was considered sufficient evidence for stating that E. viridis is a predator attacking living barnacles and other intertidal animals. Moore & Kitching (1939) further suggested that E. viridis might be as important a predator on barnacles as Thais lapillus (L). On the other hand Michel (1970) regarded E. viridis as a scavenger feeding on dead and decaying animals. There is evident disagreement about the feeding habits of E. viridis and consequently of its role in the population ecology of the community of which it forms a part. Examination of its feeding behaviour has been undertaken to clarify the situation.

scholarly journals Food and Feeding of Fishes. What Do We Need to Know?

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Surjya Kumar Saikia
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Feeding Biology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Food And Feeding ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Abstract Unrevealing food and feeding habits of fishes is the centre of research in aquatic biology, ecology, conservation biology and fisheries. The current practice in feeding ecology of fish accredits it as descriptive ecology, relying primarily on the information of their diet, directly through gut analysis or indirectly by computing some diet based indices. Such methods often mislead in the understanding of the true feeding behaviour of organisms need for more reliable and functional approach. The main objective of feeding ecology is to evaluate feeding behaviour of fish. Recent developments in tools and techniques of analytical research is an opportunity to take up more reliable details by formulating affordable methodical design for recording, modulating and designing suitable approaches for better explanation of the feeding biology in fish.

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