Diplazoptilon (Asteraceae) is merged with Saussurea based on evidence from morphology and molecular systematics

Diplazoptilon is a monotypic genus belonging to the Saussurea group (Asteraceae, Cardueae). We undertake micromorphological and molecular studies to discuss the systematic position of this genus. The achene of Diplazoptilon picridifolium is obconical, 4-angled, with a small crown on the apical rim. The pollen of D. picridifolium are spheroidal, narrowly tricolpate, with the exine reticulate and shortly spinulate. The micromorphological characters of D. picridifolium are well in accordance with those of the genus Saussurea. Our molecular analyses demonstrate that Diplazoptilon and Saussurea form a strongly supported clade. Taking into account the great similarities in achene, pappus and pollen morphology between Diplazoptilon and Saussurea, it is reasonable to merge Diplazoptilon with Saussurea. From our molecular work and the gross-morphological characters, D. picridifolium should be a member of Saussurea subgen. Saussurea sect. Strictae. There are more than one species with a plumose outer pappus in the genus Saussurea, and the occurrences the plumose outer pappus in the genus Saussurea may have had parallel origins.

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New Findings on Scrophularia sect. Mimulopsis (Scrophulariaceae) from Iran

Novon A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature ◽

10.3417/2019271 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 238-247

Author(s):

Massoud Ranjbar ◽

Narges Rahchamani

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

New Findings ◽

Tehran Province ◽

Micromorphological Characters ◽

A New Species

Scrophularia dianatnejadii Ranjbar & Rahchamani, a new species from Tehran Province in northern Iran, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to S. amplexicaulis Benth. and shares with it some diagnostic morphological characters such as habit, plant indument, phyllotaxy, and corolla shape and color. Both species are placed in Scrophularia L. sect. Mimulopsis Boiss. Macro- and micromorphological characters of the two are examined and compared. Pollen morphology of these species is investigated using SEM. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and conservation status of both species are provided.

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Congruence Between Molecular Data and Morphology: Phylogenetic Position of Senodoniini (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10080231 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 231 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robin Kundrata ◽

Alexander S. Prosvirov ◽

Dominik Vondracek ◽

Eliska Sormova

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Click Beetles ◽

East And Southeast Asia

Senodoniini is a small lineage of click beetles currently comprising 21 species in two genera, distributed in the Himalayas and East and Southeast Asia. The definition and limits of this group have changed considerably during its history. Recent authors treat Senodoniini as a tribe within Dendrometrinae, usually close to Dimini, but this placement has never been rigorously tested. Here, we shed new light on the systematic position and limits of Senodoniini by performing a combined phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear and two mitochondrial molecular markers. Our results recovered Senodoniini not monophyletic, and placed them into the Lissominae complex, where they formed a clade with Austrelater Calder & Lawrence (Protelaterini). Molecular phylogeny is in agreement with the adult morphology. Additionally, we examined the morphology of a monotypic genus Rostricephalus Fleutiaux from Southeast Asia, which was previously classified in various Elateridae groups including Senodoniini, and its position was always uncertain. This genus shares morphological characters with Protelaterini. We provide morphological redescriptions as well as the figures of main diagnostic characters for Senodonia Laporte, Sossor Candèze, and Rostricephalus. Based on our results, we place these genera to Lissominae: Protelaterini, and hence synonymize Senodoniini Schenkling with Protelaterini Schwarz.

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Systematic relevance of the pollen morphology for the Rondeletia complex (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae)

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1093/botlinnean/boaa047 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 194 (3) ◽

pp. 290-307

Author(s):

Alejandro Torres-Montúfar ◽

Elia Ramírez-Arriaga ◽

Enrique Martínez-Hernández ◽

Helga Ochoterena

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Palynological Data ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Scanning Electron

Abstract Seventeen morphologically related genera have been considered as the Rondeletia complex, traditionally in Rondeletieae. Molecular studies agree that this is a polyphyletic group and some genera have been transferred to Guettardeae. Nevertheless, no solid morphological characters support this hypothesis. Our aim is to explore pollen morphology to see if this source of characters has systematic value. Our study uses light and scanning electron microscopy for 30 species of both tribes representing 14 genera. The most important characters are polar outline, endoaperture type and nexine discontinuities. Our results do not permit diagnosis of tribes, but they show that the genera formerly included in the Rondeletia complex, but now placed in Guettardeae, have nexine discontinuities in polar areas: endofissures (Rogiera) or endocracks (Arachnothryx complex: Arachnothryx-Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula). Palynological data also confirm a close relationship of Rondeletia with Stevensia, corroborating their synonymy, and of Arachnothryx with Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula, providing evidence of their close relationship. We conclude that pollen is a useful source of characters for supporting main lineages, but further research is still necessary for other genera, including Blepharidium, Machaonia, Mazaea and additional Rondeletia spp.

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Over-splitting destabilizes the taxonomy of hylaranine frogs: A response to Chandramouli et al. (2020)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4877.3.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4877 (3) ◽

pp. 598-600

Author(s):

KIN ONN CHAN ◽

ROBIN K. ABRAHAM ◽

MARITES B. SANGUILA ◽

RAFE M. BROWN

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

New combinations in Struthiopteris spicant for the European flora

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.302.2.11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 302 (2) ◽

pp. 198 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PAWEL WASOWICZ ◽

JOSE MARIA GABRIEL Y GALAN ◽

RUBEN PINO PEREZ

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

New Combinations ◽

Phylogenetic Relation ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Long Time

Delimitation of genera in Blechnaceae Newman (1844: 8), a subcosmopolitan fern family with ca. 250 species, has remained uncertain for a long time. During the last decade, evidence has been accumulating about the polyphyletism within Blechnum Linnaeus (1753: 1077) (e.g. Shepherd et al. 2007, Rothfels et al. 2012, Gabriel y Galán et al. 2013, Perrie et al. 2014). Recent molecular studies (Gasper et al. 2016a) lead to an updated classification attempting to put morphological characters into a natural, phylogenetic relation (Gasper et al. 2016b). Because of these changes, the species most people associate with the genus Blechnum, B. spicant (Linnaeus 1753: 1066) Roth (1794: 56), is now treated under Struthiopteris Scopoli (1754: 25).

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A natural intergeneric hybrid of Gesneriaceae from Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.497.2.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 497 (2) ◽

pp. 79-96

Author(s):

ANDRÉA ONOFRE DE ARAUJO ◽

MAURO PEIXOTO ◽

CINTIA NEVES DE SOUZA ◽

EDUARDO CUSTÓDIO GASPARINO ◽

JULIANA TOLEDO FARIA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Intergeneric Hybrid ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Pollen Data ◽

Cytological Data ◽

High Viability ◽

Structural Abnormalities

A natural hybrid between Goyazia and Mandirola (Gloxiniinae, Gesneriaceae) from Cerrado (Brazil) is here described, supported by pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters. The microsporogenesis of Mandirola hirsuta and that of the hybrid were analyzed in order to evaluate the cytogenetic characteristics. The haploid chromosome numbers observed were n = 12 for M. hirsuta and n = 11, 13, 16 and 26 for the hybrid. Structural abnormalities (monads, dyads, triads and micronuclei) were observed at the final of the hybrid’s meiosis. High viability rates of the pollen were recorded for Goyazia and Mandirola (>90%) and low viability for the hybrid (34.7%). The pollen grains were acetolyzed, measured and photographed for pollen morphology analysis. Quantitative pollen data were analyzed through descriptive and multivariate statistics. The hybrid has intermediate pollen characteristics between G. petraea and M. hirsuta; it is more related to G. petraea by the measures of diameters and ectoapertures; it is more similar to M. hirsuta mainly regarding the microreticulum on the mesocolpium region. The hybrid and Mandirola share vegetative and flower size, while the colors of the hybrid are similar to Goyazia. Pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters brought clear evidence for the recognition of the intergeneric hybrid, which we named as Goydirola x punctata.

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Reevaluation of the systematic position of some southern Brazilian Discocyrtus (Gonyleptidae:Roeweriinae), with the reinstatement of Bunopachylus

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is20083 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rafael N. Carvalho ◽

Adriano B. Kury ◽

Marcos R. Hara

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Maximum Parsimony ◽

Type Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Taxonomic Changes

During a study of Discocyrtus Holmberg, 1878 and related genera, several species of alleged Pachylinae, mostly Discocyrtus, from southern Brazil were suspected of belonging in Roeweriinae. Herein, a maximum parsimony phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters was performed to test this hypothesis. Accordingly, the following taxonomic changes are herein proposed: the genus Bunopachylus Roewer, 1943 (currently in Pachylinae) is herein revalidated from synonymy with Discocyrtus, transferred to the Roeweriinae and now includes three species: B. armatissimus comb. nov. (for Discocyrtus armatissimus Roewer, 1913), B. orientalis comb. nov. (for Pachyloides orientalis Roewer, 1913) and B. occultus sp. nov. (which had been misidentified in the literature). A total of five new synonymies are proposed here: Discocyrtus milloti Roewer, 1943 = Discocyrtus coronatus Mello-Leitão, 1935 = Paradiscocyrtus trochanteralis Roewer, 1929 = Discocyrtus calcarifer Roewer, 1917 = Pachyloides orientalis Roewer, 1913, and Bunopachylus magnicalcar Roewer, 1943 (the type-species of Bunopachylus) = Discocyrtus armatissimus Roewer, 1913.

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Comparative morphological, anatomical, micromorphological, and palynological studies on the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium (Apiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.372.1.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 372 (1) ◽

pp. 35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ÖZLEM ÇETIN ◽

MUSTAFA ÇELIK

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Western Asia ◽

The Family ◽

Surface Ornamentation ◽

Fruit Surface

In the present study, morphological, micromorphological, palynological and anatomical characteristics of the genera Opopanax and Crenosciadium are reviewed and compared. The genus Opopanax is distributed in southern Europe, the Mediterranean region and Western Asia, and it is represented by three species in Turkey. Crenosciadium is a poorly known monotypic genus from Turkey, recently treated as synonym in Opopanax. Expanded descriptions, phenology, geographic distributions, and images of habitus of Opopanax and Crenosciadium are given. The differences between the two genera are discussed. The pollen morphology of Opopanax and Crenosciadium is studied by SEM and LM. The palynological results confirmed the stenopalynous characteristic of the family Apiaceae, and revealed that the pollen grains of both genera are perprolate in shape. Also fruit surface ornamentation of both genera is typically striate, and epidermal cells are polygonal or elongated in one direction. Cross-sections of mature fruits are examined and a detailed anatomical description is presented. Mericarp shape and width are very useful characters for discrimination between Opopanax and Crenosciadium; mericarp ribs are also very significant characteristics to discriminate both genera. Our findings, together with previous molecular data, clearly indicate that Crenosciadium differs considerably from Opopanax, and therefore it should be accepted at genus rank.

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Salicornia cuscoensis (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae), a new species from Peru (South America)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.319.3.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 319 (3) ◽

pp. 254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. ÁNGELES ALONSO ◽

MANUEL B. CRESPO ◽

HELMUT FREITAG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South America ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Tierra Del Fuego ◽

South American ◽

Habitat Distribution ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Southern Patagonia ◽

A New Species

The name Salicornia cuscoensis given to a plant from high Andean saltmarshes near Cusco [Cuzco] and Ayacucho, Peru (South America) is validated by a diagnosis and description. The main morphological characters that separate S. cuscoensis from other closely related species are creeping habit, delicate branches, inflorescence of short and thin spikes, and seed indumentum. The new species clearly differs from other perennial Salicornia taxa growing in high Andean saltmarshes such as S. pulvinata and S. andina. The former forms small compact cushions producing very short, few-flowered inflorescences. The latter shows woody stems and forms larger rounded carpets. Morphologically, S. cuscoensis is also similar to S. magellanica, a species growing along the seashore in southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, but the latter has shorter and wider inflorescences and larger seeds with a different type and arrangement of indumentum. Molecular analyses also supported the separation of S. cuscoensis. Data on habitat, distribution and phylogenetic relationships are presented for the new species and its relatives, and an identification key is given for the South American taxa of the genus Salicornia.

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Comparative Study of Antennal Sensilla of Corixidae and Micronectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Corixoidea)

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11110734 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 734

Author(s):

Agnieszka Nowińska ◽

Ping-ping Chen ◽

Jolanta Brożek

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Antennal Sensilla ◽

The Third ◽

Sensilla Trichodea ◽

The Family ◽

Distributional Patterns ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Eleven Species

The goal of this study was to analyze the types and distributional patterns of sensilla in Corixoidea, which is part of the approach to the phylogeny study of Nepomorpha, based on the morphological characters of sensilla. This paper presents the results of the study, with the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), on the antennae of species from the families Corixidae and Micronectidae. The antennal sensilla of eleven species from Corixidae and two species from Micronectidae were studied. Five main types of sensilla with several subtypes of sensilla trichodea were found and described. The study has shown that the family Corixidae has a strong uniformity when it comes to antennal sensilla (similar patterns of sensilla trichodea and basiconica), and a similarity to the types and distributions of sensilla in two species of the family Micronectidae. However, significant differences between the families were also discovered (differences in sensilla presence on the first and second antennomeres, lack of sensilla coeloconica on the third antennomere in Micronectidae), which leads to a supportive conclusion of the systematic position of Micronectidae as a family.

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