Cryptothecia aleurodes (Arthoniaceae), a misunderstood species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 449 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
LUCA BORGATO ◽  
DAMIEN ERTZ
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Gyrophoric Acid

Cryptothecia aleurodes was considered to be a widespread, rare tropical lichen having white ascigerous areas and a crustose whitish-grey thallus containing norstictic acid. A revision of its type specimen from Guadeloupe and the study of recent specimens from Martinique proved that the species has been misunderstood. In this paper, Cryptothecia aleurodes is shown to have a K– and C+ red thallus containing notably gyrophoric acid as major secondary metabolite but lacking norstictic acid. A detailed description and illustrations are provided. The species is known with certainty only from the Caribbean and has probably a Neotropical distribution. Previous reports of C. aleurodes from the Seychelles and Thailand are shown to be misidentifications and reports from India are considered dubious.

Secondary metabolite chemistry of the caribbean marine alga Sporochnus bolleanus: A basis for herbivore chemical defence

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Ching Shen ◽  
Peter I. Tsai ◽  
William Fenical ◽  
Mark E. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Marine Alga ◽  
Chemical Defence ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Revision and systematic placement of Prospalaea Aldrich (Diptera, Tachinidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Shigueo Nihei
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Single Type ◽  
The Caribbean

Revision and systematic placement of Prospalaea Aldrich (Diptera, Tachinidae). In the present study, the genotype and single species Prospalaea insularis (Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1891) is redescribed and the male terminalia fully illustrated. The species is known only from a single type specimen collected from the Caribbean subregion, which was examined for this study. A new systematic placement is proposed, with the genus being transferred from the Exoristini to Eryciini, both tribes of Exoristinae.

Five new species of Homoscleromorpha (Porifera) from the Caribbean Sea and re-description ofPlakina jamaicensis

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Ereskovsky ◽  
Dennis V. Lavrov ◽  
Philippe Willenz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Vertical Walls ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Bacterial Morphotypes

Five new species of Homoscleromorpha (Porifera) of four genera,Oscarella,Plakortis,PlakinaandCorticium, are described from vertical walls of reef caves at depths ranging from 23 to 28 m in the Caribbean Sea.Oscarella nathaliaesp. nov. has a leaf-like thinly encrusting, flat body, loosely attached to the substrate and a perforated, not lobate surface.Oscarella nathaliaesp. nov. contains two bacterial morphotypes and is characterized by two mesohylar cell types with inclusions.Plakortis myraesp. nov. has diods of two categories: abundant large ones (83–119 μm long) and rare small ones (67–71 μm long) with sinuous, S-bent centres; triods Y- or T-shaped (18–5  μm long), and abundant microrhabds (5–12 μm long).Plakortis edwardsisp. nov. has diods of one category with thick, sinuous, S-bent centres (110 to 128 μm long); triods T-shaped (actines 28–59 μm long). It is the only species of this genus showing small diods (22–31 μm long).Plakortis dariaesp. nov. has diods of two categories: large ones (67–112 μm long) and small, rare, irregular ones, slightly curved, often deformed with one end blunt (30–59 μm long); triods rare and regular (actines 20–44 μm long).Corticium diamantensesp. nov. has oscula situated near its border, regular non-lophose calthrops of one size-class, very rare tetralophose calthrops and candelabra with the fourth actine ramified basally in 4–5 microspined rays. In addition, a re-description ofPlakina jamaicensisis based on newly collected material and the type specimen.Plakortis jamaicensishas a convoluted brain-like surface; well developed sub-ectosomal cavities; irregular sinuous diods, triods, calthrops, rare monolophose calthrops, rare dilophose calthrops, rare trilophose calthrops and common tetralophose calthrops. Molecular ‘barcoding’ sequences for mitochondrial cob are given forPlakortis edwardsisp. nov.,P. dariaesp. nov.,Plakina jamaicensisandCorticium diamantensesp. nov. An identification key for all western Atlantic Homoscleromorpha is provided.

From the lowlands to the highlands of Ecuador, a study of the genus Masteria (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Dipluridae) with description of seven new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5005 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-568
Author(s):  
NADINE DUPÉRRÉ ◽  
ELICIO TAPIA ◽  
DIETMAR QUANDT ◽  
VERÓNICA CRESPO-PÉREZ ◽  
DANILO HARMS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
South American ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
South American Origin ◽  
Original Type

Dipluridae represent a small Mygalomorphae family of South American origin, the family includes two subfamilies Diplurinae and Masteriinae although the placement of the latter in Dipluridae is still under debate. The family has a predominantly South American distribution although the genus Masteria L. Koch, 1873 presents an interesting distribution with representatives found in Fiji, Micronesia, New Caledonia, New Guinea and Australia. This genus is diverse at the species level in tropical South America and the Caribbean but no species have been described from Ecuador to date. Ongoing field work as part of the BIO-GEEC Project—a consortium established by several Ecuadorian and German institutions—has resulted in the discovery of several new species from both lowlands and highland habitats in Ecuador. Herein we described seven new species of Masteria from Ecuador: M. jatunsacha n. sp. (male); M. machay n. sp. (female); M. chalupas n. sp. (male); M. papallacta n. sp. (male and female); M. pasochoa n. sp. (male and female); M. lasdamas n. sp. (male); and M. otongachi n. sp. (male). The type species of the genus, Masteria hirsuta L. Koch, 1873 from Fiji, is redescribed and re-illustrated, from the original type specimen.

Secondary Metabolites from Isolated Lichen Mycobionts Cultured Under Different Osmotic Conditions

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Hamada ◽  
Hisashi Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Metabolite Content ◽  
Conventional Medium ◽  
Gyrophoric Acid

AbstractGrowth of the mycobiont of Ramalina siliquosa and the secondary metabolites subsequently produced under various osmotic culture conditions were examined. The secondary metabolite content and the growth rate changed greatly when different quantities of sucrose were added to the culture medium. Salazinic acid was found only in mycobionts cultured on a medium with 10 or 20% sucrose, the mycobiont growth rate being higher than on conventional medium. Similarly, in Lobaria discolor, gyrophoric acid was found only in mycobionts cultured on a medium with 10% sucrose.

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Human Red Blood Cells

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
A.J. Tousimis ◽  
T.R. Padden
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Scanning Electron

The size, shape and surface morphology of human erythrocytes (RBC) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of the fixed material directly and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of surface replicas to compare the relative merits of these two observational procedures for this type specimen.A sample of human blood was fixed in glutaraldehyde and washed in distilled water by centrifugation. The washed RBC's were spread on freshly cleaved mica and on aluminum coated microscope slides and then air dried at room temperature. The SEM specimens were rotary coated with 150Å of 60:40- gold:palladium alloy in a vacuum evaporator using a new combination spinning and tilting device. The TEM specimens were preshadowed with platinum and then rotary coated with carbon in the same device. After stripping the RBC-Pt-C composite film, the RBC's were dissolved in 2.5N HNO3 followed by 0.2N NaOH leaving the preshadowed surface replicas showing positive topography.

Delusions in the Caribbean

1963 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
WALTER MISCHEL
Keyword(s):  
The Caribbean
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