Lithodidae from the Ross Sea, Antarctica, with descriptions of two new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1303 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANE T. AHYONG ◽  
ELLIOT W. DAWSON
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Ovigerous Female ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Wide Size Range

The lithodid crab fauna of the Ross Sea, Antarctica, comprises three species in two genera. Two species are new to science: Neolithodes yaldwyni sp. nov. and Paralomis stevensi sp. nov. Neolithodes yaldwyni, previously misidentified from off the Balleny Islands in the Ross Sea as N. brodiei, is morphologically most similar to N. capensis Stebbing, 1905, described from South Africa, differing chiefly in the proportional lengths of the dactyli of the ambulatory legs. Paralomis stevensi is most similar to P. birsteini, differing chiefly by its shorter ambulatory leg dactyli, and in males, the longer ambulatory legs and much larger right cheliped. The third lithodid from the Ross Sea, Paralomis birsteini Macpherson, 1988, is reported from a wide size range of specimens, including an ovigerous female, indicating the presence of a reproductive population in the region. The presence of N. yaldwyni in the Ross Sea is consistent with the hypothesis that lithodids colonized the Southern Ocean via southward movement from low to high latitudes through deepwater. The strong similarity between N. capensis and N. yaldwyni indicates a possible South African–Kerguelen–Antarctica link. The rhizocephalan, Briarosaccus callosus Boschma, 1930, parasitizing P. birsteini, is recorded for the first time from the area.

scholarly journals Two new species of Parisotoma (Collembola: Isotomidae) from the Western Cape, South Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2771 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKHAIL POTAPOV ◽  
CHARLENE JANION ◽  
LOUIS DEHARVENG
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species, Parisotoma sexsetosa sp. nov. and P. obscurocellata sp. nov., are described from the Western Cape Province in South Africa. The former is characterized with 2+2 ocelli and 4 sensilla in the p-row on each side of three first abdominal segments, the latter with 5+5 or more ocelli and 3+3 chaetae on the postlabial area. Both species have only 6 posterior chaetae on dens. A comparison of South African and Asiatic Parisotoma species is given. Sensillar chaetotaxy of the third and fourth abdominal segments is critical in the separation of these geographically distinct groups.

Implications for the age of South African Devonian rocks in which Tropidoleptus (Brachiopoda) has been found

1983 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Boucot ◽  
C. H. C. Brunton ◽  
J. N. Theron
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
North America ◽  
South African ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Marine Sedimentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
First Time

SummaryThe Devonian brachiopod Tropidoleptus is recognized for the first time in South Africa. It is present in the lower part of the Witteberg Group at four widely separated localities. Data regarding the stratigraphical range of the genus elsewhere, combined with information on recently described fossil plants and vertebrates from underlying strata of the upper Bokkeveld Group, suggest that a Frasnian or even Givetian age is reasonable for the lower part of the Witteberg Group. The recognition of Tropidoleptus in a shallow water, near-shore, molluscan association, at the top of the South African marine Devonian sequence, is similar to its occurrence in Bolivia, and suggests a common Malvinokaffric Realm history of shallowing, prior to later Devonian or early Carboniferous non-marine sedimentation. It is noteworthy that Tropidoleptus is now known to occur in ecologically suitable environments around the Atlantic, but is absent from these same environments in Asia and Australia. Tropidoleptus is an excellent example of dispersal in geological time — first appearing in northern Europe and Nova Scotia, then elsewhere in eastern North America and North Africa, followed by South America and South Africa, while continuing in North America.

Two new species ofSyllis(Polychaeta: Syllidae) from South Africa, one of them viviparous, with remarks on larval development and vivipary

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Simon ◽  
Guillermo San Martín ◽  
Georgina Robinson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Haliotis Midae ◽  
Characteristic Colour

Two new species of South African Syllidae of the genusSyllisLamarck, 1818 are described.Syllis unzimasp. nov. is characterized by having unidentate compound chaetae with long spines on margin, a characteristic colour pattern and its reproduction by vivipary. Vivipary is not common among the polychaetes, but most representatives occur in the family Syllidae Grube, 1850 (in five otherSyllisspecies, two species ofDentatisyllisPerkins, 1981 and two species ofParexogoneMesnil & Caullery, 1818).Syllis unzimasp. nov. differs from the other viviparous species in having large broods (>44 juveniles) which develop synchronously. Development of the juveniles is similar to that of free-spawningSyllisspecies, but the appearance of the first pair of eyespots and the differentiation of the pharynx and proventricle occur later inS. unzima.Syllis amicarmillarissp. nov., is characterized by having an elongated body with relatively short, fusiform dorsal cirri and the presence of one or two pseudosimple chaeta on midbody parapodia by loss of blade and enlargement of shaft.Syllis unzimasp. nov. was found in high densities on culturedHolothuria scabraJaeger, 1833 with single specimens found on a culturedCrassostrea gigasThunberg, 1793 and on coralline algae, respectively, whileS. amicarmillariswas found mainly in sediment outside an abalone farm and less frequently on culturedHaliotis midaeLinnaeus, 1758. We discuss the possible benefits of the association withH. scabratoS. unzimasp. nov.

New South African Review 3: The second phase – tragedy or farce? (John Daniel, Prishani Naidoo, Devan Pillay and Roger Southall, eds)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Kotzé
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
New South ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The South ◽  
Negotiated Settlement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Direct Competition

As the title indicates this publication is the third issue in a series of reviews. The first issue was subtitled 2010: Development or decline? (2010) and the second was New paths, old promises? (2011). These publications are edited in the Department of Sociology at Wits University as part of its Strategic Planning and Allocation of Resources Committee (SPARC) Programme. The series is intended to be a revival of the South African Review edited by the South African Research Service and published by Ravan Press in the 1980s and early 1990s. Arguably one of the best known of these series was issue seven edited by Steven Friedman and Doreen Atkinson, The Small Miracle: South Africa's negotiated settlement (1994). The latest publication should also be seen as direct competition for the Human Sciences Research Council's (HSRC) regular publication, State of the Nation. The New South African Review 3 is organised into four parts, namely Party, Power and Class; Ecology, Economy and Labour; Public Policy and Social Practice; and South Africa at Large. The four editors introduce each of the sections, consisting of 16 chapters in total. Thebook's format appears to be that of a yearbook but it is not linked to a specific year. It is therefore not in the same category as for example the South African Institute of Race Relations' annual South Africa Survey. The Review is organised around a theme, albeit very general in its formulation, and in the case of the third issue it is also not applicable to all its chapters. At the same time, though, it is not a yearbook as the choice of chapters and their foci are on the latest developments. 

scholarly journals Population irruption of the clam Meretrix morphina in Lake St Lucia, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 (7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson A. F. Miranda ◽  
Nasreen Peer ◽  
Renzo Perissinotto ◽  
Nicola K. Carrasco ◽  
Salome Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Freshwater Input ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
West Indian Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Seaboard

The thick-shelled clam Meretrix morphina, previously referred to as Meretrix meretrix, now occurs in the west Indian Ocean region, along the eastern seaboard of Africa, from the Red Sea to the Mlalazi Estuary, close to the Tugela River. Its presence in South Africa is only of recent recording. Meretrix morphina was detected for the first time in Lake St Lucia in 2000. The population declined and was not detected from 2005 until 2011, most likely as a result of a severe drought that resulted in widespread desiccation and hypersalinity in the lake. The system then experienced increased freshwater input resulting in lower salinities from 2011 until 2014, during which time M. morphina reappeared and their population gradually increased. In 2015, M. morphina became abundant in St Lucia, attaining unprecedented densities of 447 ind./m2. Biomass, expressed as a fresh weight, varied in the different basins of St Lucia, ranging from 195 g/m2 at Lister’s Point to 1909.8 g/m2 at Catalina Bay. However, in 2016, when drought conditions returned, M. morphina disappeared. This species appears to thrive under brackish salinities and high temperatures. It is able to establish large populations with high biomass and can become dominant. However, M. morphina is sensitive to desiccation and hypersaline conditions. This clam has substantial commercial value and is exploited along the African east coast, particularly in Mozambique. In future, it may feature more prominently in South African estuaries. However, the ecology of M. morphina is still largely unknown.

The Mechanism of active capture of animal food by the Sergestid Shrimp Acetes Sibogae Australis

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan Mcleay ◽  
C.G. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Size Range ◽  
The Third ◽  
Feeding Modes ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Combined Actions ◽  
Wide Size Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

Combining the use of scanning electron microscopy and microcinematography with functional and behavioural observations has clarified many aspects underlying the feeding processes of the small planktonic sergestid shrimp Acetes sibogae australis. In captivity Acetes sibogae australis is an opportunistic feeder that uses four principal feeding modes to capture a wide size range of prey: Artemia nauplii (<0.33 mm), copepods (<1mm) and moribund Acetes (up to 25 mm). Prey capture is effected by combined actions of the first three pairs of pereiopods and the third maxillipeds before transfer to the more dorsal second maxillipeds. The second maxillipeds are the principal appendages used in securing, manipulating, sorting and rejecting prey before insertion into the vicinity of the inner mouthparts.

Evolution of South Africa's Racist Constitutions and the 1983 Constitution

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Xia Jisheng
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
State Law ◽  
The South ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fundamental State ◽  
History Of ◽  
South African Constitution

Since the enforcement of 1983 constitution, several years have passed. The 1983 constitution is the third constitution since the founding of the Union of South Africa in 1910. By observing the history of the constitutional development in more than seventy years in South Africa and the content of the current South African constitution, it is not difficult to find out that the constitution, as a fundamental state law, is an important weapon of racism. South Africa's white regime consistandy upholds and consolidates its racist rule by adopting and implementing constitutions. The aim of this article is to analyze and expose the essence of the South African racist system in mis aspect.

New and Interesting Records of South African Fungi, Part VII

Bothalia ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. O. Marasas ◽  
G. C. A. Van der Westhuizen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
South African ◽  
Parastizopus Armaticeps ◽  
First Time

Four species of fungi recorded for the first time in South Africa, are described and illustrated. These are:  Acremoniella verrucosa  Togn. from roots of  Medicago sativa; Coniella pulchella Hohn. from roots of pine-apple;  Periconia igniaria  Mason Ellis from seed of  Medicago sativa;  and  Stachybotrys subsimplex  Cooke from the cocoon of  Parastizopus armaticeps.

Revision of the South African genus Neopimus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
JIŘÍ JANÁK
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
First Time ◽  
African Genus

A revision of the south African genus Neopimus Özdikmen, Demir & Türkeş, 2008 is presented. Based on revision of the type and additional material, three species are recognised. The genus Neopimus is redescribed and all species are described or redescribed and illustrated, two of them for the first time: Neopimus capensis Janák, sp. nov., from Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and N. zulu Janák, sp. nov., from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The distribution of the genus is mapped and a key of species is presented. 

Review of South African Euryphyminae 

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4820 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-104
Author(s):  
PRECIOUS TSHILILO
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

Euryphyminae is a Southern African endemic subfamily, which to date consists of 23 genera. We collected all available information from historic literature accounts, 626 positively identified museum specimens from 16 genera and 624 fresh field-collected specimens from eight genera to review the Euryphyminae genera of South Africa. Three genera are recorded for the first time to occur in South Africa; Rhodesiana Dirsh, 1959, Acrophymus Uvarov, 1922 and Plegmapteropsis Dirsh, 1956, while Aneuryphymus rhodesianus species is also recorded for the first time in South Africa. This brings the total number of genera occurring in South Africa from 14 to 16 genera of Euryphyminae. Finally, distribution maps for each genus are provided along with an updated key to genera.

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