Two new species of the deep-sea squat lobster genus Munida Leach, 1820 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Munididae) from Taiwan: morphological and molecular evidence

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3036 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA CABEZAS ◽  
CHIA-WEI LIN ◽  
TIN-YAM CHAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Squat Lobster ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Squat Lobsters

The genus Munida Leach, 1820 is the most diverse group within the squat lobsters, with approximately 250 described species. The extreme morphological similarity among certain species makes very difficult to identify diagnostic characters, and the real diversity of the group is probably underestimated. Here, two new species of the genus Munida from Taiwan previously identified as M. distiza Macpherson, 1994 and M. militaris Henderson, 1885, respectively, are described and illustrated. The two species are identified by subtle and constant morphological differences, which match clear molecular divergences in the 16S and COI genes. These results confirm the taxonomic value of slight morphological differences, and emphasize the need for more detailed analysis to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the genus.

scholarly journals Two new species of Acanthocotyle Monticelli, 1888 (Monogenea: Acanthocotylidae), parasites of two deep-sea skates (Elasmobranchii: Rajiformes) in the South-East Pacific

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Ñacari ◽  
Fabiola A. Sepúlveda ◽  
Ruben Escribano ◽  
Marcelo E. Oliva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
East Pacific ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
By Catch

Abstract Background Parasites of deep-sea fishes from the South-East Pacific (SPO) are poorly known. Of c.1030 species of fish found in this area, 100–150 inhabit the deep-sea (deeper than 200 m). Only six articles concerning metazoan parasites of fish from deep-waters of SOP are known, and nine monogenean species have been reported. Currently, ten species are known in Acanthocotyle Monticelli, 1888 (Monogenea) and when stated, all of them are found in shallow waters (10–100 m). Acanthocotyle gurgesiella Ñacari, Sepulveda, Escribano & Oliva, 2018 is the only known species parasitizing deep-sea skates (350–450 m) in the SPO. The aim of this study was the description of two new species of Acanthocotyle from two Rajiformes. Methods In September 2017, we examined specimens of two species of deep-sea skates (Rajiformes), Amblyraja frerichsi (Krefft) and Bathyraja peruana McEachran & Myyake, caught at c.1500 m depth off Tocopilla, northern Chile, as a by-catch of the Patagonian tooth fish Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt fishery. Specimens of Acanthocotyle were collected from the skin of the skates. Morphometric (including multivariate analysis of proportional measurements, standardized by total length), morphological and molecular analyses (LSU rRNA and cox1 genes) were performed in order to identify the collected specimens. Results The three approaches used in this study strongly suggest the presence of two new species in the genus Acanthocotyle: Acanthocotyle imo n. sp. and Acanthocotyle atacamensis n. sp. parasitizing the skin of the thickbody skate Amblyraja frerichsi and the Peruvian skate Bathyraja peruana, respectively. The main morphological differences from the closely related species Acanthocotyle verrilli Goto, 1899 include the number of radial rows of sclerites, the non-discrete vitelline follicles and the number of testes. Conclusions The two species of monogeneans described here are the only recorded parasites from their respective host species in the SPO. Assessing host specificity for members of Acanthocotyle requires clarifying the systematics of Rajiformes.

Two new species of Hydnophlebia (Meruliaceae, Polyporales) from China based on morphological and molecular evidence

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
DONG-MEI LIU ◽  
YUN-LIN XU ◽  
YUE LI ◽  
WEI-HONG LIU ◽  
HAI-XIA MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Two new corticioid species, Hydnophlebia sinensis and H. subchrysorhiza, are described and illustrated from China. Hydnophlebia sinensis was collected from northern China (Beijing, Jilin and Shaanxi Provinces), while H. subchrysorhiza was collected from southern China (Hainan, Hunan and Yunnan Provinces). The two new species belong to the H. chrysorhiza species complex and are similar to each other with few morphological differences. However, they are phylogenetically independent in both the ITS-LSU tree of Meruliaceae and the ITS tree of Hydnophlebia. In the trees, H. sinensis was sister to H. sp., whilst H. subchrysorhiza was closely related to H. chrysorhiza. Our analyses show that we do not have H. chrysorhiza in China but possess two undescribed sibling species

scholarly journals The discovery of Barretonus (Curculionidae: Cossoninae) in the Canary Islands: barcoding, morphology and description of new species

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael García ◽  
Carmelo Andújar ◽  
Pedro Oromí ◽  
Brent Emerson ◽  
Heriberto López
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
La Palma ◽  
Two New Species

Abstract The genus Barretonus Roudier, 1958 is a genus endemic to Macaronesia, described from the archipelago of Madeira where four species are known to date. In this study, two new species of Barretonus, B. auarita García & Oromí sp. nov. (from La Palma, Canary Islands) and B. daute García & Andújar sp. nov. (from Tenerife, Canary Islands), are described based on morphological and molecular evidence (mtCOI), and additional notes on their biology and ecology are provided. Morphology of the new species is compared with the other representatives of the genus, and their phylogenetic relationships with a Barretonus representative from Madeira and species from additional genera within the Cossoninae are shown. This work increases the number of species of the genus Barretonus from four to six anophthalmous or microphthalmous species with an endogean lifestyle, and incorporates the Canary Islands into its Macaronesian range of distribution.

scholarly journals Encotyllabe spari do not live in Brazil: Morphological and molecular evidence confirm two new species of Encotyllabe (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naraiana L. Taborda ◽  
Fabiola A. Sepulveda ◽  
Jose L. Luque ◽  
Ruben Escribano ◽  
Marcelo Enrique Oliva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Pagrus Pagrus ◽  
Almost All

Abstract BackgroundCurrently, 24 species of Encotyllabe Diesing, 1850 (Monogenea: Capsalidae) are listed in WoRMS, but the validity of many species has been questioned due to deficient or incomplete descriptions. On the other hand, almost all species in the genus have been described from one host species or closely related host species, suggesting host specificity, but other species, specifically Encotyllabe spari Yamaguti, 1934, have been reported at least from 19 species belonging to nine families in two orders (Perciformes and Scorpaeniformes) from Japan, the Arabian Gulf and Brazil. Concerning Brazilian records of Encotyllabe spari (but also as Encotyllabe cf. spari); seven host species belonging to four families and two orders have been reported as hosts for this species. The aim of this study was to describe two new species of Encotyllabe from Brazil, previously considered as E. spari.MethodsDuring 2016, we examined specimens of Orthophristis ruber (Cuvier) (Haemulidae) and Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus) (Sparidae) caught off the coast of Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil by local fishermen. Specimens of Encotyllabe were collected from the pharyngeal plates of the hosts. Morphological and morphometric (multivariate analysis of proportional measurements standardized by total length) and molecular analysis (LSU rRNA and cox1 gene) were performed in order to identify the collected monogenea. ResultsThe presence of two new species of Encotyllabe, Encotyllabe yamagutii n. sp. and Encotyllabe haemuli n. sp., parasitizing the pharyngeal plates of Pagrus pagrus and Orthopristis ruber, respectively, is strongly suggested by the three approaches used in this study. The main morphological differences from the most related species include a combination of body size, shape of the penis, and size and position of the testes.ConclusionsSpecimens of Encotyllabe, hitherto recorded as E. spari or E. cf. spari, belong to two new species. Our results suggest that the host specificity for members of Encotyllabe and specimens registered as E. spari, other than those from the original description, must be revisited.

A new species of Contomastix (Squamata, Teiidae) supported by total evidence, with remarks on diagnostic characters defining the genus

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Mario. R. Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Proximal Margin ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Characters

Formerly Cnemidophorus was thought to be the most speciose genus of Teiidae. This genus comprised four morphological groups that were later defined as four different genera, Ameivula, Aurivela, Cnemidophorus and Contomastix. The last appears as paraphyletic in a recent phylogenetic reconstruction based on morphology, but monophyletic in a reconstruction using molecular characters. Six species are allocated to Contomastix. One of them, C. lacertoides, having an extensive and disjunct geographic distribution in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Preliminary analyses revealed morphological differences among its populations, suggesting that it is actually a complex of species. Here, we describe a new species corresponding to the Argentinian populations hitherto regarded as C. lacertoides, by integrating morphological and molecular evidence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of notched proximal margin of the tongue is a character that defines the genus Contomastix.

Whale falls, multiple colonisations of the deep, and the phylogeny of Hesionidae (Annelida)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindi Summers ◽  
Fredrik Pleijel ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
New Members

Phylogenetic relationships within Hesionidae Grube, 1850 are assessed via maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) data. The analyses are based on 42 hesionid species; six of these being new species that are described here. The new species, all from deep (>200 m depth) benthic environments (including whale falls) in the eastern Pacific, are Gyptis shannonae, sp. nov., Neogyptis julii, sp. nov., Sirsoe sirikos, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia ketea, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia falenothiras, sp. nov., and Vrijenhoekia ahabi, sp. nov. The molecular divergence among the new members of Vrijenhoekia is pronounced enough to consider them cryptic species, even though we cannot distinguish among them morphologically. Our results also showed that the subfamily Hesioninae Grube, 1850, as traditionally delineated, was paraphyletic. We thus restrict Hesioninae to include only Hesionini Grube, 1850 and refer the remaining members to Psamathinae Pleijel, 1998. The present study increases the number of hesionid species associated with whale falls from one to six and markedly increases the number of described deep-sea hesionid taxa. There appear to have been multiple colonisations of the deep sea from shallow waters by hesionids, though further sampling is warranted.

Two new species of Cossura (Cossuridae, Annelida) from the terminal lobes of the Congo River deep-sea fan

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 881-888
Author(s):  
Anna Zhadan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Congo River ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Dark Pigmentation ◽  
Sea Fan ◽  
Scanning Electron

Two new species of Cossura Webster & Benedict, 1887 were found in material collected during sampling from the terminal lobes of the Congo deep-sea fan. They were described using light and scanning electron microscopy. Cossura platypus sp. nov. has 15–17 thoracic chaetigers, a prostomium longer than it is wide, with a widely rounded anterior margin, an abruptly expanded posterior prostomial ring the same length as the peristomium, without a mid-ventral notch, a branchial filament attached to the midlength of chaetiger 3, and a pygidium with three anal cirri. Cossura platypus sp. nov. is similar to C. brunnea Fauchald, 1972 but differs in the shape of the prostomium, which is widely rounded anteriorly in C. platypus sp. nov. and is broadly triangular in C. brunnea; furthermore, C. platypus sp. nov.is uniformly pale, whereas C. brunnea has dark pigmentation. Cossura candida Hartman, 1955 differs from C. platypus sp. nov. in the conical shape of the prostomium and 24–35 thoracic chaetigers. Cossura flabelligera sp. nov. has 16–19 thoracic chaetigers, a conical prostomium, and a branchial filament arising from the posterior part of chaetiger 2; the entire body, including the chaetae, is covered by a thick mucous sheath similar to the tunic of flabelligerids. Cossura flabelligera sp. nov. resembles C. longocirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887 in the position of the branchial filament, the shape of the prostomium, and the number of thoracic chaetigers; it differs in having a thick mucous sheath. This character seems to be unique for the Cossuridae.

Two New Species of Sandersiella (Cephalocarida), Including One From the Deep Sea 1)

Crustaceana ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard L. Sanders ◽  
Robert R. Hessler
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Two New Species
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