A checklist of the moray eels of the world (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3474 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID G. SMITH

A checklist of the currently recognized species of moray eels (Muraenidae) is presented. One hundred ninety seven speciesare considered to be valid, in 15 genera, and two subfamilies. The account for each valid species contains bibliographicinformation for that species and all synonyms, including primary type specimens and type locality. Also given for eachspecies is the number of vertebrae, the mean vertebral formula (MVF), the general geographic distribution, and any ex-planatory remarks that may be needed. A list of nominal genera and species is given, with the current status of each. Separate lists are provided for names that cannot be assigned to known species (incertae sedis) and those that are unavailable.

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4806 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-144
Author(s):  
STEFFEN BAYER ◽  
HUBERT HÖFER ◽  
HEIKO METZNER

We propose a revision of the spider genus Corythalia C.L. Koch, 1850 (Salticidae: Euophryini) with a revised genus diagnosis based on examination of all species available to us. In this paper we redescribe all previously described species from South America with revised species diagnoses and describe 20 new species from South America (and the nearby islands). For C. latipes, the type species of the genus Corythalia, a neotype is designated. In total, 52 nominal species of the genus are herein treated, 46 species are recognized as valid. The females of C. waleckii Taczanowski, 1871, C. luctuosa Caporiacco, 1954 and C. latipes (C.L. Koch, 1846) are described for the first time. Corythalia sellata Simon, 1901, erroneously considered as nomen nudum in the present version of the World Spider Catalog, is here recognised as a valid species. Corythalia fulgipedia Crane, 1948 is also considered a valid species and is removed from the synonymy of C. tropica (Mello-Leitão, 1939). One name is considered a nomen dubium (Corythalia variegata Caporiacco, 1954), two are nomina nuda (C. major Simon, 1901; C. dimidiata Simon, 1901). Two species are transferred to other genera: C. argyrochrysos (Mello-Leitão, 1946) to Pachomius Peckham & Peckham, 1896 as Pachomius argyrochrysos (Mello-Leitão, 1946), comb. nov. and C. heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871) to Neonella Gertsch, 1936, as Neonella heliophanina (Taczanowski, 1871), comb. nov. under incertae sedis. One species is synonymised: C. barbipes (Mello-Leitão, 1939) is a junior synonym of C. cincta (Badcock, 1932), syn. nov. The new Corythalia species are: C. conferta sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. concinna sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. drepane sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. drepanopsis sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. antepagmenti sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil), C. ricti Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Guyana), C. protensa sp. nov. (♂, Brazil), C. gasnieri sp. nov. (♂, Brazil), C. verhaaghi sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. scutellaris Bayer, sp. nov. (♂♀, Ecuador), C. dakryodes Bayer, sp. nov. (♀, Colombia), C. foelixi Bayer, sp. nov. (♂♀, French Guiana), C. longiducta sp. nov. (♀, Brazil), C. latior sp. nov. (♂, Bolivia), C. trochophora Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Ecuador), C. lineata Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Guyana), C. hamulifera Bayer, sp. nov. (♂, Ecuador), C. tribulosa sp. nov. (♂, Colombia), C. flagrans sp. nov. (♂, Brazil) and C. fragilis sp. nov. (♂♀, Brazil). Illustrations are provided for all of the new species and for all (primary) type specimens of the species re-described. Hypotheses of possible relationships among the different species of Corythalia are discussed. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  

Newcastle disease is caused by Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) leads to severe morbidity and mortality in poultry throughout the world and considered as lentogenic, mesogenic or velogenic based on the mean death of the chicken embryo. The NDV velogenic strain is deadly endemic in Pakistan. Poultry is considered as the second major industry in Pakistan having annual growth of 8-10%. Unfortunately, the increase of NDV cases leads to severe cost impact, loss of production and livelihood. This review highlights the current status and epidemiology of NDV in Pakistan. Various genotypes and sub-genotypes have been identified in Pakistan. Various ND cases have been reported in Pakistan which has very bad consequences on the economy and dealing of poultry products.


Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4504 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
ISHTIAG H. ABDALLA ◽  
CHRISTIAN M. DESCHODT ◽  
CLARKE H. SCHOLTZ ◽  
CATHERINE L. SOLE

The genus Macroderes Westwood, 1842 (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae, tribe incertae sedis) is practically endemic to South Africa with only one species that is found little north in southern Namibia. The ranges of the species are limited to the winter-fall and bimodal biomes of South Africa comprising the regions of Richtersveld as extreme points of its northerly distribution, and extending to the south through Namaqualand to Cape Agulhas. The taxonomy of the genus is revised. Fourteen valid species are recognised and three others are of doubtful validity. Seven new species are described, these are: M. cederbergensis Abdalla & Deschodt, new species, M. tortuosus Abdalla & Scholtz, new species, M. gifboomi Abdalla & Scholtz, new species, M. leipoldti Abdalla & Deschodt, new species, M. oreatus Abdalla & Deschodt, new species, M. porselinus Abdalla, new species, and M. soleiana Abdalla & Deschodt, new species. Macroderes nitidus Harold, 1877 is redescribed and its lectotype is designated. The diagnostic characters as well as an updated geographic distribution of each species are summarised. An updated key of the genus, photographs of habitus, sclerites of internal sac, pronotum, pronotal punctures and elytra also are provided. 


Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2041 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ NEMÉSIO

A detailed synopsis of all the orchid-bee species known to occur in the Atlantic Forest Domain, eastern Brazil, is provided, including synonymy, complete type data, diagnoses, relevant data on biology and geographic distribution (with detailed localities of known occurrence of each species), colorful illustrations of onomatophores (“name-bearing type specimens”), and a list with the main references dealing with each species. Fifty-four species are recognized to occur in the Atlantic Forest Domain. Identification keys are presented for each genus and their species occurring in the Atlantic Forest. Euglossa carinilabris Dressler, 1982, Euglossa cyanaspis Moure, 1968, Eulaema (Eulaema) niveofasciata (Friese, 1899) and Exaerete lepeletieri Oliveira & Nemésio, 2003, considered junior synonyms of other species by different authors, are reinstated as valid species. A full discussion on the status of the four orchid-bee species described by Linnaeus is presented, as well as colorful illustrations of the four onomatophores. The two existing onomatophores of orchid bee species described by Fabricius are also illustrated and his Apis cingulata has been shown to be the species recently described as Eulaema (Apeulaema) pseudocingulata Oliveira, 2006, which, thus, becomes a junior synonym (syn. n.). Euglossa aratingae sp. n., Euglossa carolina sp. n., Euglossa nanomelanotricha sp. n., Euglossa roderici sp. n., Euglossa roubiki sp. n., Eulaema (Eulaema) atleticana sp. n., and Eulaema (Apeulaema) marcii sp. n. are described as new species. Neotypes are designated for Eufriesea violacea (Blanchard, 1840) and Exaerete frontalis (Guérin-Méneville, 1844). Some corrections concerning the repository institutions of some onomatophores of orchid bees were also made: Eufriesea auriceps (Friese, 1899) holotype has been listed as belonging to the US National Museum (Washington) or to the American Museum of Natural History (New York) but, in fact, it belongs to the Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universität (Berlin); the lectotype of Eufriesea aeneiventris (Mocsáry, 1896) has been listed as belonging to the Istituto e Museo di Zoologia, Universita di Torino (Turin), but it actually belongs to the Hungarian Museum of Natural History (Budapest). Publication dates of both Exaerete frontalis Guérin-Méneville and Exaerete smaragdina Guérin-Méneville have been listed as 1845 but, in fact, the actual date is 1844. Based on the known geographic distribution and abundance of each species in orchid-bee inventories, IUCN criteria were applied and three species are recommended to be included in future lists of threatened species in one of the IUCN categories of risk: Eufriesea brasilianorum (Friese, 1899) and Euglossa cognata Moure, 1970 are suggested to be listed as “vulnerable”, and Euglossa cyanocholora Moure, 1996 is suggested to be listed as “endangered”. A fully annotated check list of all known orchid bee species is also presented as an Appendix.


Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4388 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIO CUPELLO

In this work, it is explained why previous authors who considered that Canthidium lentum Erichson, 1947 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) was fixed as the type species of Canthidium Erichson, 1847 in Robert Lucas’ 1920 catalogue of Coleoptera genera were mistaken. Instead, the first authors to designate a type species for Canthidium were Martínez et al. in 1964, who designated C. thalassinum Erichson, 1847. Since both species are currently placed in different subgenera, the subgeneric classication must change: Eucanthidium Halffter & Martínez, 1986 is a new junior synonym of Canthidium, while the subgenus previously considered to be Canthidium (Canthidium) is changed to Canthidium (Neocanthidium) Martínez et al., 1964 based on the revalidation of the latter name. A checklist containing information on the type locality, type material, synonymy, and distribution of all the 172 valid species included in the genus (72 in the nominotypical subgenus, 69 in Neocanthidium, and 31 as incertae sedis) is presented, as well as a review of the taxonomic history of Canthidium and the new synonymy between C. (C.) ardens Bates, 1887 and Canthidium ardens mutatum Bates, 1887. 


Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4614 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIA-WEI SHEN ◽  
RICHARD A. B. LESCHEN

A catalogue for the eight Goniaceritae genera that occur in New Zealand is presented, treating a total of 62 species. Seventeen holotypes are confirmed, 38 lectotypes and 99 paralectotypes are designated herein for all valid species but Eupines acceptus Broun, for which type material was not located. One synonymy is proposed: Anabaxis electrica (King, 1863) (= Rybaxis brevis Oke, 1928). Four species of Eupines known only by females are valid species, but without subgeneric assignment. Images of primary type specimens and their original labels are provided.


Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2914 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIŘÍ HÁJEK

The elateriform family Callirhipidae Emden, 1924 is catalogued. The family contains 14 genus-group taxa, of which 10 are currently considered as valid and four as synonyms. The family contains 214 available species-group names, of which 175 represent currently valid species and subspecies, and 39 are synonyms. For each taxon, all references known to the author are listed. For species-group taxa, type locality, type material, current status and known distribution are given. Lists of unavailable names and taxa excluded from the family Callirhipidae are presented. A systematic checklist of the family is appended. The following new synonyms are proposed: Simianus Blanchard, 1853 = Simianellus Emden, 1924 syn. nov.; Callirhipis javanica Laporte de Castelnau, 1834 = Callirhipis impressicollis Fairmaire, 1887 syn. nov. = Callirhipis armitagei Pic, 1916 syn. nov. = Callirhipis angustata Pic, 1943 syn. nov.; Callirhipis lineata Waterhouse, 1877 = Callirhipis ruficollis Pic, 1943 syn. nov.; Callirhipis separata Gemminger, 1869 = Simianellus bicolor costatus Emden, 1932 syn. nov.; Callirhipis sirambea Pic, 1921 = Callirhipis (Helleriola) henrikseni Emden, 1934 syn. nov.; Callirhipis suturalis Waterhouse, 1877 = Callirhipis scutellata Fairmaire, 1887 syn. nov. = Callirhipis aureoscutata Pic, 1938 syn. nov.; Callirhipis tonkinea Pic, 1907 = Callirhipis tonkinea var. diversa Pic, 1926 syn. nov.; Celadonia hoodii (Saunders, 1834) = Callirhipis laportei var. notaticollis Pic, 1912 syn. nov.; Ennometes cribratus (Waterhouse, 1877) = Simianus cribripennis Fairmaire, 1893 syn. nov.; Ennometes impressiceps Pic, 1922 = Ennometes ruficornis Pic, 1943 syn. nov.; Simianus terminatus Fairmaire, 1887 = Simianus pyrochroides Pic, 1921 syn. nov. = Simianus pyrochroides var. lateniger Pic, 1925 syn. nov. Callirhipis hoodii Saunders, 1834 is designated as the type species of the genus Celadonia Laporte de Castelnau, 1840. Revised and new statuses are here proposed for the following taxa: Callirhipis (Cal- lirhipis) impressa Montrouzier, 1857 stat. revalid.; Callirhipis (Callirhipis) samoensis Pic, 1921 stat. revalid.; Ennometes cerrutii (Pic, 1927) stat. revalid.; Ennometes ruficeps Pic, 1926 stat. nov. from Ennometes rouyeri var. ruficeps; Celadonia bocourti Pic, 1927 stat. nov. from Simianides laportei var. Bocourti; Simianus diversicornis Pic, 1925 stat. nov. from Simianus pyrochroides var. diversicornis; Simianus reductus Pic, 1925 stat. nov. from Simianus pyrochroides var. reductus. The new replacement name Callirhipis (Parennometes) pici Hájek, nom. nov. is proposed for Callirhipis costata Pic, 1927, preoccupied by C. costata Waterhouse, 1877. The following new combinations are established: Callirhipis (Ennometidium) impressiceps (Pic, 1922) comb. nov. from Ennometes; Callirhipis (Ennometidium) obscura (Pic, 1927) comb. nov. from Ennometes; Callirhipis (Parennometes) carolinensis Blair, 1940 comb. nov. from Callirhipis s. str.; Callirhipis (subgenus ?) pauloplicatus (Pic, 1943) comb. nov. from Simianus; Celadonia bicolor (Laporte de Castelnau, 1834) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Celadonia gounellei (Pic, 1916) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Celadonia hoodii (Saunders, 1834) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Celadonia laportei nigroimpressa (Pic, 1950) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Celadonia luteonotata (Pic, 1907) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Celadonia scapularis (Laporte de Castelnau, 1834) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Ennometes incertus (Emden, 1936) comb. nov. from Callirhipis (Parennometes); Ennometes onoi (Blair, 1940) comb. nov. from Callirhipis (Parennom- etes); Ennometes tarsalis (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus basalis (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus bicolor (Fairmaire, 1893) comb. nov. from Homoeorhipis; Simianus bituberculatus (Schultze, 1915) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus bituberculatus dilatatus (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus confusus (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus croceosellatus (Fairmaire, 1887) comb. nov. from Homoeorhipis; Simianus cyaneicollis (Waterhouse, 1877) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus globicollis (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus incisus (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus laetus (Waterhouse, 1877) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus latepunctatus (Pic, 1943) comb. nov. from Ennometes; Simianus maculaticeps (Pic, 1921) comb. nov. from Homoeorhipis; Simianus malaccanus (Pic, 1916) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus melanocephalus (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus mesomelaenus (Fairmaire, 1887) comb. nov. from Homoeorhipis; Simianus nigripennis (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus nigriventralis (Schultze, 1915) comb. nov. from Simianel-lus; Simianus obscurus (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus obscurus sikkimensis (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus palawanicus (Emden, 1932) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus pascoei (Waterhouse, 1895) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Simianus ruber (Pic, 1929) comb. nov. from Horatocera; Simianus separatus (Gemminger, 1869) comb. nov. from Callirhipis; Simianus thoracicus (Emden, 1924) comb. nov. from Simianellus; Simianus ustus (Fairmaire, 1887) comb. nov. from Homoeorhipis. Lectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Callirhipis angustata Pic, 1943; Callirhipis armitagei Pic, 1916; Callirhipis aureoscutata Pic, 1938; Callirrhipis cribrata Waterhouse, 1877; Callirhipis hoodii Saunders, 1834; Callirhipis (Helleriola) henrikseni Emden, 1934; Callirhipis javanica Laporte de Castelnau, 1834; Callirhipis lineata Waterhouse, 1877; Callirhipis orientalis Laporte de Castelnau, 1834; Callirhipis ruficollis Pic, 1943; Callirrhipis sirambeus Pic, 1921; Callirhipis suturalis Waterhouse, 1877; Callirhipis tonkinea Pic, 1907; Callirhipis tonkinea var. diversa Pic, 1926; Ennometes impressiceps Pic, 1922; Ennometes ruficornis Pic, 1943; Simianus pyrochroides Pic, 1921 and Simianus pyrochroides var. lateniger Pic, 1925.


2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-752
Author(s):  
Marcelli K. Vieira ◽  
Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello ◽  
Fernando A. B. Silva

The subgenus Canthon (Pseudepilissus) Martínez, 1954 is revised. Four valid species are redescribed: Canthon (Pseudepilissus) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) lunatus Schmidt, 1922; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857 and C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Three species assigned to other groups are transferred in the subgenus: C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”]; C. (P.) edentulus Harold, 1868 [previously Canthon “incertae sedis”] and C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867 comb. nov. [previously Vulcanocanthon]. The genus Vulcanocanthon Pereira & Martínez, 1960 syn. nov. is synonymized with Canthon (Pseudepilissus). Three subspecies are raised to species level: C. (P.) tibialis Schmidt, 1922 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) lunatus tibialis]; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 stat. nov. [previously C. edentulus granuliceps] and C. (P.) hendrichsi Halffter & Martínez, 1968 stat. nov. [previously C. (P.) muticus hendrichsi]. C. (P.) honsi Balthasar, 1939 syn. nov. is synonymized with C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910. Four new species are described: Canthon (P.) arriagadai sp. nov., Canthon (P.) bonaerensis sp. nov., Canthon (P.) vidaurrei sp. nov. and Canthon (P.) ziggy sp. nov., bringing the number of species in the subgenus to 14. Lectotypes are designated for six species C. (P.) muticus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) reichei Felsche, 1910; C. (P.) planus Lucas, 1857; C. (P.) seminulus Harold, 1867; C. (P.) granuliceps Felsche, 1910 and C. (P.) quadratus Blanchard, 1843. A detailed literature review, synonymies, description, illustration of key morphological characters, data on the studied material and geographic distribution are provided for each species.


Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5004 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-57
Author(s):  
DIEGO AGUILAR FACHIN ◽  
CHRISTIAN R. GONZÁLEZ ◽  
MARIO ELGUETA ◽  
MARTIN HAUSER

A list of all 24 genera and 73 species of Stratiomyidae from Chile is provided, along with all their synonyms and photos of the type specimens of 20 species (including 12 primary types). Only one species is assigned to morphospecies level. All references known to us from the taxonomic and biological literature, including information about name, author, year of publication, page number, type specimens, type locality, and references are given. The geographic distribution of each species is given based on bibliographic and collection data. Three species are removed from the Chilean fauna: Nemotelus tenuivena James, 1974 is only known from the type locality in Argentina; Promeranisa nasuta (Macquart, 1850), which has its type locality corrected to Bolivia, Chiquitos Province; and Ptecticus pomaceus Loew, 1855, referred to Chile due to a locality information error, is a junior synonym of P. trivittatus Say, 1829, syn. nov.


Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2684 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
LE–YANG YUAN ◽  
E ZHANG

Although Acrossocheilus kreyenbergii has been treated as a valid species since its original description, the type locality and identity of this species have hitherto remained uncertain. It is shown in this study that its precise location of ‘Tinghsiang’ or ‘Pinghsiang,’ the type locality of Gymnostoma kreyenbergii Regan, is the present Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province, in the Gan Jiang, a tributary flowing to the Boyang Lake system, or in the Yangtze River drainage. Observation of the type specimens of this species and further comparison with those of other barred congeners reveal that G. kreyenbergii is in fact a senior synonym of Barbus cinctus Lin.


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