Larval morphology and ontogeny of Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis Biju & Bossuyt, 2003 (Anura, Nasikabatrachidae) from Western Ghats, India

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3510 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRUDHVI RAJ ◽  
KARTHIKEYAN VASUDEVAN ◽  
DEEPAK V. ◽  
RICHA SHARMA ◽  
SHASHI SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Cylindrical Body ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Developmental Asynchrony ◽  
Vent Tube ◽  
Scanning Electron

The external, oral and buccopharyngeal morphologies of Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis tadpoles were studied using ste-reoscopic and scanning electron microscopy. Using DNA barcodes, taxonomic identity of the tadpoles was establishedand tadoples of N. sahyadrensis were reared in semi-natural conditions. Development in the species from hatching tometamorph was prolonged and it took about 100 days for the freshly hatched larvae to metamorphose. The tadpoles areexotrophic, torrent dwelling with a large ventral suctorial oral disc, broadly rounded snout, cylindrical body, and a funnelshaped vent tube opening medially. During development external and buccopharyngeal characters show extensive changes. During metamorphosis developmental asynchrony was observed.

scholarly journals Oviposition and development in the glass frog Hyalinobatrachium orientale (Anura: Centrolenidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Nokhbatolfoghahai ◽  
Christopher J. Pollock ◽  
J. Roger Downie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Developmental Features ◽  
Hatching Gland ◽  
Scanning Electron

Oviposition and development in the glass frog Hyalinobatrachium orientale (Anura: Centrolenidae). Oviposition and external embryonic developmental features are described in the Tobago glass frog, Hyalinobatrachium orientale. Egg clutches are nearly always laid on the undersides of leaves (one exception); usually leaves of Heliconia sp. are used, but Philodendron and palms may be used in the absence of Heliconia. Clutches contain 28.0 ± 5.3 eggs (mean ± SD) and eggs are 1.86 ± 0.11 mm in diameter. The behavior of one amplectant pair was followed for more than five hours; the pair rotated several times around a small area of the leaf depositing eggs in a tight spiral formation. External embryonic features were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Surface ciliation is extensive up to the time of hatching when it is lost; external gills are short and a cement gland is absent. Hatching gland cells were detectable on the anterodorsal surface of the head from Day 4 after deposition and persisted until at least Day 10, and hatching occurred between Days 9 and 16. During this period, progressive development in tail length, surface pigmentation, intestinal coiling, and oral disc features was observed. Post-hatching larvae reared for six weeks grew 37% in length and tripled in weight, but remained at Gosner Stage 25.

A re-description of Fragilaria fonticola Hustedt and its varieties, with three new combinations and one new species from India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 453 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-198
Author(s):  
ANBUKKARASU VIGNESHWARAN ◽  
CARLOS E. WETZEL ◽  
DAVID M. WILLIAMS ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN KARTHICK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tabularia (Kützing) D.M. Williams & Round has received some attention since its separation from Synedra. The present study investigates Fragilaria fonticola Hustedt and its varieties based on the analysis of the type materials. The combinations were proposed as Tabularia fonticola (Hustedt) C.E. Wetzel & D.M. Williams comb. nov. (≡ Fragilaria fonticola Hustedt), Tabularia angusta (Hustedt) C.E. Wetzel & D.M. Williams comb. nov. et stat. nov. (≡ Fragilaria fonticola var. angusta Hustedt), Tabularia chandolensis (Gandhi) A. Vigneshwaran, D.M. Williams & B. Karthick comb. nov. (≡ Synedra chandolensis Gandhi) and the new species, Tabularia koynensis sp. nov. is also described from the Koyna River basin, Western Ghats, India. The detailed morphological features were analysed under light and scanning electron microscopy. Tabularia koynensis has linear valves outline with square to rounded ends. Striae short, radiate towards ends. This new species compared with T. sinensis, T. fasciculata, T. tabulata, T. kobayasii and Fragilaria longissima, which differ in size, valve shape, striae density and ultrastructure.

A new species of Epithemia Kützing (Bacillariophyceae, Rhopalodiales) from the Mula river, Western Ghats, India, with comments on the phylogenetic position of Rhopalodia and Epithemia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 489 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
ANBUKKARASU VIGNESHWARAN ◽  
YAN LIU ◽  
JOHN PATRICK KOCIOLEK ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN KARTHICK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Outline Shape ◽  
Specific Position ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new species, Epithemia agharkarii sp. nov., is described from the Mula River, Western Ghats, India. The new species is described based on light and scanning electron microscopy; it is characterized by having lanceolate to slightly elliptical valves with rounded apices and being 16–38 μm long and 12.5–17.5 μm wide. Based on morphology, especially the atypical position of the raphe, it is similar to E. reicheltii. The new species is differentiated from the latter by the valve outline, shape of the apices, specific position of the raphe and breadth. We discuss the possible phylogenetic position of these two taxa and recent proposals related to the classification of Rhopalodia and Epithemia.

The tadpole of Pseudis minuta (Anura: Pseudidae), an apparent case of heterochrony

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael O. de Sá ◽  
Esteban O. Lavilla
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Oral Disc ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
The Family ◽  
Coloration Pattern ◽  
Oral Anatomy ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Pseudis Minuta

AbstractThe external morphology, oral disc, and coloration pattern of the larva of Pseudis minuta are described. Tadpoles are mostly bottom dwellers that have a small, terminal oral disc with a labial tooth row formula 1(1-1)/(1-1)2. Internal oral anatomy is characterized using scanning electron microscopy, representing the only description available for the family Pseudidae. The coloration pattern of P. minuta tadpoles is compared with that of other pseudids. Pseudis minuta larvae do not exhibit the ontogenetic coloration change reported for P. paradoxa. Considering larval coloration, larval size, and reports of adult size, acceleration or hypermorphosis are suggested as possible heterochronic mechanisms involved in the evolution of Pseudis.

A new species of Tyrannomyrmex Fernández 2003 (Formicidae, Myrmicinae, Solenopsidini) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4344 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
KALESH SADASIVAN ◽  
MANOJ KRIPAKARAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
Worker Castes ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new species of Tyrannomyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), T. alii sp. nov., is described from the Western Ghats of Kerala State in southern India. This new species can be distinguished from other Tyrannomyrmex species using morphological characters, from T.dux by the petiolar shape, and from T. legatus and T.rex by surface sculpture and pilosity. The gyne of the genus is described for the first time. We provide detailed morphological descriptions of the gyne and worker castes, images from scanning electron microscopy, a key to all four known species of Tyrannomyrmex, and a note on the ecology of this rare genus. 

Testing species delimitation with larval morphology: scanning electron microscopy analysis of protonymphon larvae of two closely related sea spiders, Pallenopsis patagonica (Hoek) and Pallenopsis yepayekae Weis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Hübner ◽  
Philipp Wagner ◽  
Tobias Lehmann ◽  
Roland R. Melzer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Scanning Electron

We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to establish species-specific sets of characters for protonymphon larvae of two representatives of the ‘patagonica’ species group of Pallenopsis, P. patagonica and P. yepayekae. The larvae of both species are ‘typical’ protonymphon larvae sensu Bain (2003). Despite the close relationship of the two species, we observed numerous features that allow for differential diagnosis, e.g. general habitus, the number, arrangement and branching type of setules, the armature of the movable and immovable chelifore fingers, and the shape of the dactylus and setules of appendages II and III. SEM is particularly suitable for visualising these features. Our results further support the idea that protonymphon larvae can be identified to species level when adequate imaging techniques are used, as is also the case for larvae of other arthropods. Moreover, the status of the two studied species of Pallenopsis is fully supported by protonymphon larval morphology.

A new record of Neoperla obliqua Banks, 1930 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Mt. Malindang, Mindanao, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcodes

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4514 (1) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN NIEL B. DELA CRUZ ◽  
OLGA M. NUÑEZA ◽  
CHUNG-PING LIN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Record ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Longitudinal Ridge ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nymph of the perlid Neoperla obliqua Banks, 1913 from Mt. Malindang, Mindanao Island, the Philippines is described and associated with the male and female adults using DNA barcodes. Using pairwise CO1, the nymph was associated with 99.9 ± 0.14% interspecific similarity, while comparison between sexes generated a 0.2% intraspecific divergence between males and females of putative conspecifics. Additionally, the mature ova from female adults are described using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The distinctive chorionic surface is rugose with longitudinal ridge-like pattern with a bare and flat collar. 

Ninastrelnikovia lateritica sp. nov., a new and rare freshwater diatom species from the rocky pools of the Western Ghats, India with a note on the genus Ninastrelnikovia Lange-Bertalot & A.Fuhrmann (Bacillariophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 394 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
SURAJIT ROY ◽  
JOHN PATRICK KOCIOLEK ◽  
REX L. LOWE ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN KARTHICK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Valve Margin ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Freshwater Diatom

Ninastrelnikovia lateritica sp. nov., a new and rare freshwater biraphid diatom species was discovered from a rocky ephemeral pool of the Kaas plateau, Western Ghats, and described on the basis of light and scanning electron microscopy observations. A morphological comparison with the two other described Ninastrelnikovia taxa is provided. This new species can easily be separated from its congeners by the shape of the valve apex and absence of any second inflation along the valve margin, as well as the shape and structure of the external distal raphe ends and internal proximal raphe ends. The members of Ninastrelnikovia are characterized by two morphological types of valves. Valves on the ends of colonies exhibit one set of morphological features while valves located in the middle of colonies show another set of morphological features. Morphological details of the valves are discussed.

Terminal-instar larval morphology and systematics of Eulophidae and Eupelmidae species (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) communities from Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose F. Gómez ◽  
Nieves-Aldrey Jose Luis
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Gall Wasps ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

As part of a wider study on the morphology and systematics of the terminal-instar larvae of Chalcidoidea parasitoids of gall wasps (Hym., Cynipidae) in Europe, a comparative study of the larval morphology of three species of Eulophidae, Aprostocetus eurytomae (Nees), Aulogymnus skianeuros (Ratzeburg) and Dichatomus acerinus Förster; and three species of Eupelmidae, Eupelmus aseculatus (Kalina), E. cerris Förster and E. microzonus Förster is presented. The studied taxa are key components of the communities associated with different galls on herbs, shrubs and oaks in different ecosystems of Mediterranean area. Main characters of interest found on the studied species were larval body shape, head capsule structure, mouthparts, mandibles and chaetotaxy pattern of body and head. Diagnostic characters of the families and species are described and illustrated for the first time with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Information on the biology of each species is discussed and illustrated with photographs, including new rearing records.

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